[PPT] - Literature on which the following results are based: Pfrommer, 2008, PowerPoint Presentation

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Cosmic rays in galaxy clusters Non-thermal emission from galaxy clusters Physical processes in galaxy clusters High-resolution simulations of galaxy clusters

Literature on which the following results are based:

Pfrommer, 2008, MNRAS, in print, ArXiv:0707.1693, Simulating cosmic rays in clusters of galaxies – III. Non-thermal scaling relations and comparison to

bservations

Pfrommer, Enßlin, Springel, 2008, MNRAS, in print, ArXiv:0707.1707, Simulating cosmic rays in clusters of galaxies – II. A unified scheme for radio halos and relics with predictions of the γ-ray emission Pfrommer, Enßlin, Springel, Jubelgas, and Dolag, 2007, MNRAS, 378, 385, Simulating cosmic rays in clusters of galaxies – I. Effects on the Sunyaev-Zel’dovich effect and the X-ray emission Pfrommer, Springel, Enßlin, Jubelgas 2006, MNRAS, 367, 113, Detecting shock waves in cosmological smoothed particle hydrodynamics simulations Enßlin, Pfrommer, Springel, and Jubelgas, 2007, A&A, 473, 41, Cosmic ray physics in calculations of cosmological structure formation Jubelgas, Springel, Enßlin, and Pfrommer, A&A, in print, astro-ph/0603485, Cosmic ray feedback in hydrodynamical simulations of galaxy formation

Christoph Pfrommer Cosmic Rays in Galaxy Clusters

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Cosmic rays in galaxy clusters Non-thermal emission from galaxy clusters Physical processes in galaxy clusters High-resolution simulations of galaxy clusters

Radiative simulations – flowchart

Christoph Pfrommer Cosmic Rays in Galaxy Clusters

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Cosmic rays in galaxy clusters Non-thermal emission from galaxy clusters Physical processes in galaxy clusters High-resolution simulations of galaxy clusters

Radiative simulations with cosmic ray (CR) physics

Christoph Pfrommer Cosmic Rays in Galaxy Clusters

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Cosmic rays in galaxy clusters Non-thermal emission from galaxy clusters Physical processes in galaxy clusters High-resolution simulations of galaxy clusters

Radiative simulations with extended CR physics

Christoph Pfrommer Cosmic Rays in Galaxy Clusters

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Cosmic rays in galaxy clusters Non-thermal emission from galaxy clusters Physical processes in galaxy clusters High-resolution simulations of galaxy clusters

Radiative cool core cluster simulation: gas density

10-1 100 101 102

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Christoph Pfrommer Cosmic Rays in Galaxy Clusters

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Cosmic rays in galaxy clusters Non-thermal emission from galaxy clusters Physical processes in galaxy clusters High-resolution simulations of galaxy clusters

Mass weighted temperature

105 106 107 108

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T ρgas/ρgas [K]

Christoph Pfrommer Cosmic Rays in Galaxy Clusters

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Cosmic rays in galaxy clusters Non-thermal emission from galaxy clusters Physical processes in galaxy clusters High-resolution simulations of galaxy clusters

Mach number distribution weighted by εdiss

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M ˙ εdiss/˙ εdiss

Christoph Pfrommer Cosmic Rays in Galaxy Clusters

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Cosmic rays in galaxy clusters Non-thermal emission from galaxy clusters Physical processes in galaxy clusters High-resolution simulations of galaxy clusters

Mach number distribution weighted by εCR,inj

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M ˙ εCR,inj/˙ εCR,inj

Christoph Pfrommer Cosmic Rays in Galaxy Clusters

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Cosmic rays in galaxy clusters Non-thermal emission from galaxy clusters Physical processes in galaxy clusters High-resolution simulations of galaxy clusters

Mach number distribution weighted by εCR,inj(q > 30)

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M ˙ εCR,inj/˙ εCR,inj(q > 30)

Christoph Pfrommer Cosmic Rays in Galaxy Clusters

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Cosmic rays in galaxy clusters Non-thermal emission from galaxy clusters Physical processes in galaxy clusters High-resolution simulations of galaxy clusters

CR pressure PCR

10-17 10-16 10-15 10-14 10-13 10-12

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PCR ρgas/ρgas [erg cm−3 h2

70 ]

Christoph Pfrommer Cosmic Rays in Galaxy Clusters

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Cosmic rays in galaxy clusters Non-thermal emission from galaxy clusters Physical processes in galaxy clusters High-resolution simulations of galaxy clusters

Relative CR pressure PCR/Ptotal

10-2 10-1 100

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PCR/Ptot ρgas/ρgas

Christoph Pfrommer Cosmic Rays in Galaxy Clusters

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Cosmic rays in galaxy clusters Non-thermal emission from galaxy clusters Physical processes in galaxy clusters High-resolution simulations of galaxy clusters

Relative CR pressure PCR/Ptotal

10-2 10-1 100

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PCR/Ptot ρgas/ρgas

Christoph Pfrommer Cosmic Rays in Galaxy Clusters

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Cosmic rays in galaxy clusters Non-thermal emission from galaxy clusters Physical processes in galaxy clusters High-resolution simulations of galaxy clusters

CR electron versus CR proton pressure

10-3 10-2

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PCRe/Ptot ρgas/ρgas

Relative pressure of primary CR electrons.

10-2 10-1 100

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PCR/Ptot ρgas/ρgas

Relative pressure of CR protons.

Christoph Pfrommer Cosmic Rays in Galaxy Clusters

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Cosmic rays in galaxy clusters Non-thermal emission from galaxy clusters Physical processes in galaxy clusters High-resolution simulations of galaxy clusters

Primary versus secondary CR electrons

10-3 10-2

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PCRe/Ptot ρgas/ρgas

Relative pressure of primary CR electrons.

10-8 10-7 10-6 10-5 10-4 10-3 10-2 10-1

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PCRe/Ptot ρgas/ρgas

Rel. pressure of secondary CR electrons.

Christoph Pfrommer Cosmic Rays in Galaxy Clusters

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Cosmic rays in galaxy clusters Non-thermal emission from galaxy clusters Primary radio emission Hadronic radio and γ-ray emission

Cosmic rays and radiative processes

Christoph Pfrommer Cosmic Rays in Galaxy Clusters

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Cosmic rays in galaxy clusters Non-thermal emission from galaxy clusters Primary radio emission Hadronic radio and γ-ray emission

Cosmic rays and radiative processes

Christoph Pfrommer Cosmic Rays in Galaxy Clusters

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Cosmic rays in galaxy clusters Non-thermal emission from galaxy clusters Primary radio emission Hadronic radio and γ-ray emission

Cosmic rays and radiative processes

Christoph Pfrommer Cosmic Rays in Galaxy Clusters

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Cosmic rays in galaxy clusters Non-thermal emission from galaxy clusters Primary radio emission Hadronic radio and γ-ray emission

Cosmic rays and radiative processes

Christoph Pfrommer Cosmic Rays in Galaxy Clusters

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Cosmic rays in galaxy clusters Non-thermal emission from galaxy clusters Primary radio emission Hadronic radio and γ-ray emission

Cosmic web: Mach number

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M ˙ εdiss/˙ εdiss

Christoph Pfrommer Cosmic Rays in Galaxy Clusters

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Cosmic rays in galaxy clusters Non-thermal emission from galaxy clusters Primary radio emission Hadronic radio and γ-ray emission

Radio web: primary CRe (1.4 GHz)

10-8 10-6 10-4 10-2 100 Sν,primary [ mJy arcmin-2 h70

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Christoph Pfrommer Cosmic Rays in Galaxy Clusters

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Cosmic rays in galaxy clusters Non-thermal emission from galaxy clusters Primary radio emission Hadronic radio and γ-ray emission

Radio web: primary CRe (150 MHz)

10-8 10-6 10-4 10-2 100 Sν,primary [ mJy arcmin-2 h70

2 ]

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Christoph Pfrommer Cosmic Rays in Galaxy Clusters

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Cosmic rays in galaxy clusters Non-thermal emission from galaxy clusters Primary radio emission Hadronic radio and γ-ray emission

Radio web: primary CRe (15 MHz)

10-8 10-6 10-4 10-2 100 Sν,primary [ mJy arcmin-2 h70

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Christoph Pfrommer Cosmic Rays in Galaxy Clusters

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Cosmic rays in galaxy clusters Non-thermal emission from galaxy clusters Primary radio emission Hadronic radio and γ-ray emission

Radio web: primary CRe (15 MHz), slower magnetic decline

10-8 10-6 10-4 10-2 100 Sν,primary [ mJy arcmin-2 h70

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Christoph Pfrommer Cosmic Rays in Galaxy Clusters

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Cosmic rays in galaxy clusters Non-thermal emission from galaxy clusters Primary radio emission Hadronic radio and γ-ray emission

Hadronic cosmic ray proton interaction

Christoph Pfrommer Cosmic Rays in Galaxy Clusters

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Cosmic rays in galaxy clusters Non-thermal emission from galaxy clusters Primary radio emission Hadronic radio and γ-ray emission

Cosmic rays and radiative processes

Christoph Pfrommer Cosmic Rays in Galaxy Clusters

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Cosmic rays in galaxy clusters Non-thermal emission from galaxy clusters Primary radio emission Hadronic radio and γ-ray emission

Radio halos: secondary CRe (150 MHz)

10-8 10-6 10-4 10-2 100 Sν,secondary [ mJy arcmin-2 h70

3 ]

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Christoph Pfrommer Cosmic Rays in Galaxy Clusters

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Cosmic rays in galaxy clusters Non-thermal emission from galaxy clusters Primary radio emission Hadronic radio and γ-ray emission

Radio relics + halos 150 MHz

10-8 10-6 10-4 10-2 100 Sν,total [ mJy arcmin-2 h70

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Christoph Pfrommer Cosmic Rays in Galaxy Clusters

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Cosmic rays in galaxy clusters Non-thermal emission from galaxy clusters Primary radio emission Hadronic radio and γ-ray emission

Radio relics + halos: spectral index

1.0 1.1 1.2 1.4 αν

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Christoph Pfrommer Cosmic Rays in Galaxy Clusters

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Cosmic rays in galaxy clusters Non-thermal emission from galaxy clusters Primary radio emission Hadronic radio and γ-ray emission

Comparison of simulation vs. observation of A2256

Clarke & Enßlin (2006) Battaglia et al. (2008 in prep.) red/yellow: thermal X-ray emission, blue/contours: 1.4 GHz radio emission with giant radio halo and relic

Christoph Pfrommer Cosmic Rays in Galaxy Clusters

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Cosmic rays in galaxy clusters Non-thermal emission from galaxy clusters Primary radio emission Hadronic radio and γ-ray emission

Thermal X-ray emission

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Christoph Pfrommer Cosmic Rays in Galaxy Clusters

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Cosmic rays in galaxy clusters Non-thermal emission from galaxy clusters Primary radio emission Hadronic radio and γ-ray emission

Hadronic γ-ray emission, Eγ > 100 MeV

10-10 10-9 10-8 10-7 10-6 10-5 10-4 Sγ (100 MeV, 100 GeV) [ γ cm-2 s-1 h70

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Christoph Pfrommer Cosmic Rays in Galaxy Clusters

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Cosmic rays in galaxy clusters Non-thermal emission from galaxy clusters Primary radio emission Hadronic radio and γ-ray emission

Inverse Compton emission, EIC > 100 MeV

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Christoph Pfrommer Cosmic Rays in Galaxy Clusters

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Cosmic rays in galaxy clusters Non-thermal emission from galaxy clusters Primary radio emission Hadronic radio and γ-ray emission

Inverse Compton emission, EIC > 10 keV

10-7 10-6 10-5 10-4 10-3 10-2 10-1 SIC,total (10 keV, 100 keV) [ γ s-1 cm-2 h70

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Christoph Pfrommer Cosmic Rays in Galaxy Clusters

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Cosmic rays in galaxy clusters Non-thermal emission from galaxy clusters Primary radio emission Hadronic radio and γ-ray emission

Summary

1

Characteristics of the CRs in clusters:

CR proton pressure: time integrated non-equilibrium activities of clusters, modulated by recent mergers. Primary CR electron pressure: resembles current accretion and merging shocks in the virial regions.

2

Non-thermal cluster emission

Unified model for the generation of giant radio halos, radio mini-halos, and relics We predict GLAST to detect ∼ ten γ-ray clusters: test of the presented scenario

→ exciting experiments allow a complementary view on structure formation as well as fundamental plasma physics!

Christoph Pfrommer Cosmic Rays in Galaxy Clusters