Lesson 9 Latina Christiana MG 4 & UG 5/6 Second Declension -UM - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Lesson 9

Latina Christiana MG 4 & UG 5/6 Second Declension -UM Nouns

Welcome

• Ms. Stephanie: Salvete, amici Latinae
• Students: Salve, magistra
• Ms. Stephanie: Súrgite. Oremus

Table Blessing Prayer

Benedict, Domine, Bless Oh Lord nos et haec us and these Tua dona Your gifts quae de Tua largitate which from Your bounty sumus sumpturi we are about to receive per Christum Dominum nostrum through Christ our Lord

• Amen. Amen.

Recitation

(I will give cues – you continue and finish)

• 1st Conjugation – Present tense

endings

• - o …..
• 1st Declension – endings
• - a, - ae …..
• Present Tense of Sum
• sum…..
• 1st Declension: table
• mensa….
• Case names
• Never Give Dad Any Apples
• Case functions
• Subject or predicate noun…
• 2nd Declension: servus
• Servus…

Present Tense of SUM

Verb: a verb is a word that shows action or state of being

Person Singular Plural 1st sum I am sumus we are 2nd es you are estis you all are 3rd est he/she/it is sunt they are

Person Singular Plural 1st (person speaking)

• o or -m

I

• mus

we 2nd (person spoken to)

• s

you

• tis

you all 3rd (person spoken about)

• t

he/she/it

• nt

they

Personal Endings

The Jobs of the Declension Cases

Case Names Job or Function Nominative Subject or Predicate Noun Genitive Possessive or the “of” case Dative Indirect Object or the “to” or “for” case Accusative Direct Object Ablative Used with many prepositions or the in/by/with/from case

Subject: the subject is who or what the sentence is about Direction Object: the direct object is the result of the verb or the direct object receives the action from the verb Indirect Object: usually the indirect object answers the questions “to whom?, to what?”, or “for whom, for what?” or the indirect object is the recipient of the direct object

Comparing 1st & 2nd Declension Endings

Case Singular Plural Nominative

• a
• ae

Genitive

• ae
• arum

Dative

• ae
• is

Accusative

• am
• as

Ablative

• ā
• is

Case Singular Plural Nominative

• us
• i

Genitive

• i
• orum

Dative

• is

Accusative

• um
• os

Ablative

• is

1st Declension Endings 2nd Declension Endings “-us”

2nd Declension Review: Servus

Case Singular Plural Nominative sevus

• us

servi

• i

Genitive servi

• i

servorum

• orum

Dative servo -o servis

• is

Accusative servum

• um

servos

• os

Ablative servo -o servis

• is

Lesson 8 Review: Latin Saying and Vocabulary

• Latin Saying: Senatus Populusque Romanus (S.P.Q.R.)

The Senate and People of Rome

Latin English ánimus -i mind, spirit áquila -ae eagle corona -ae crown fabulá -ae story gládius gládii sword Latin English ludus -i game, school mora -ae delay murus -i wall pecúnia -ae money pópulus -i people

Lesson 9: Latin Saying and Vocabulary

• Latin Saying: Ante bellum Before the war

Latin English bellum -i war donum -i gift frumentum -i grain impérium -i command, empire óppidum -i town Latin English proélium -i battle regnum -i kingdom signum -i sign, standard telum -i weapon verbum -i word

Lesson 9 Vocabulary

• Note that all the vocabulary words this lesson are all nouns
• They are all similar in that they all end in -um
• They are all in 2nd Declension; there are two groups in 2nd Declension - words that end in -us and words that end

in -um

• They are considered to be in the same declension BECAUSE the genitive singular ending is the same letter, -i
• In Latin, the declension a noun belongs is determined by the genitive singular ending. So, in 2nd declension, it

would be -i; in 1st declension it would be the -ae genitive singular ending that places that noun in this category

• We can understand better now why in the previous few lessons, the vocabulary words would give a nominative

ending as well as the genitive ending; we needed to see the genitive ending to determine which declension it was

2nd Declension Neuter

noun stem: don-

Case Singular Plural Nominative donum

• um

dona

• a

Genitive doni

• i

donorum

• orum

Dative dono

• donis
• is

Accusative donum -um dona

• a

Ablative dono

• donis
• is

In Latin declensions, there are 3 genders: feminine, masculine and neuter. We have learned 1st Declension feminine so far, and today we are learning 2nd Declension neuter. Last week, you learned 2nd Declension masculine. The gender of nouns will be explained next lesson.

Comparing 2nd Declension Masculine (servus) and Neuter (donum)

Case Singular Plural Nominative sevus

• us

servi

• i

Genitive servi

• i

servorum

• orum

Dative servo

• servis
• is

Accusative servum -um servos

• os

Ablative servo

• servis
• is

Case Singular Plural Nominative donum

• um

dona

• a

Genitive doni

• i

donorum

• orum

Dative dono

• donis
• is

Accusative donum -um dona

• a

Ablative dono

• donis
• is

What are the differences? The nominative singular and the nominative and accusative plural are different. What are the similarities? The genitive, dative, ablative and accusative singular are the same.

The neuter nominative and accusative singular always end with the same ending. The neuter nominative and acsuative plural always end in -a.

Nominative Plural Neuter vs. 1st Declension Nominative/Ablative Singular

• 1st declension has -a as a singular case ending, where as the 2nd declension

neuter as -a as a plural ending. This can be confusing

• Practice making plural neuter nouns: wars, words, battles, weapons, signs,

kingoms (answer: bella, verba, proelia, teal, signa, regna)

• We need to develop a habit of recognizing plural -a on neuter nouns

Lets Practice! ☺

• Decline these nouns: bellum, signum
• Conjugate these verbs: laboro, libero
• Conjugate sum

Note: Latin has no words for the artless the and a/an. You will need to learn to supply the article in your translations based on context.

Homework

• If you have the DVD or the online streaming, watch Lesson 9.
• Read page 28 in your student workbook as a review
• Complete page 29 in your student workbook
• Vocabulary Drill sheet for Lesson 9 vocabulary
• Lesson 9 Quiz