Leaching Phenomena of Ant ifouling Leaching Phenomena of Ant - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Ryuj i KOJI MA, Osamu MI YATA, Toshiaki SHI BATA, Tet suya SENDA Nat ional Marit ime Research I nst it ut e (NMRI ) Kiyoshi SHI BATA Chiba I nst it ut e of Technology

Present ed t o The I nt ernat ional Symposium on Shipbuilding Technology(I SST 2007) Sept ember 6- 7 2007, Osaka Universit y, Japan

Leaching Phenomena of Ant ifouling Leaching Phenomena of Ant ifouling Agent s from Ships Agent s from Ships’ ’ Hull Paint s Hull Paint s

1. 1. I nt roduct ion I nt roduct ion 2.

• 2. Experiment s

Experiment s 3.

• 3. Result s and Discussion

Result s and Discussion 4.

• 4. Conclusion

Conclusion

Cont ent s

Det erminat ion t he Release Rat e

• American Societ y for Test ing and Mat erials(ASTM)

American Societ y for Test ing and Mat erials(ASTM)

• I nt ernat ional St andard Organizat ion (I SO)

I nt ernat ional St andard Organizat ion (I SO)

• Much different bet ween t he ocean and

Much different bet ween t he ocean and labo

• labo. t est s

. t est s

• Depend on many fact ors for release rat e

Depend on many fact ors for release rat e in t he ocea in t he ocean n

• Serves only as a guide for charact erizat ion

Serves only as a guide for charact erizat ion

• A. A. Finnie (2007),
• A. A. Finnie (2007), J. E. Hunt er (2004)
• J. E. Hunt er (2004)

Requirement by a number of regulat ory t est . Requirement by a number of regulat ory t est .

Purpose of This St udy

Clarifi

ficat ion of

Clarifi

ficat ion of

t he leaching phenomena t he leaching phenomena

1. 1. Effect ive fact ors of release rat e in Effect ive fact ors of release rat e in ASTM ASTM (Ref: (Ref: St andard t est condit ion) St andard t est condit ion) 2.

• 2. Comparison bet ween laborat ory and fi

field t est s

Comparison bet ween laborat ory and fi

field t est s

• ASTM: Release rat e at

ASTM: Release rat e at early t est st age early t est st age

• Test met hods, condit ions

Test met hods, condit ions

Test cylinder Test panel Test cylinder Test panel Test met hod Test met hod Test condit ion Test condit ion Laborat ory t est Laborat ory t est Field t est Field t est

Experiment s

The Formulat ion of Coat ings

Formulation Cu2O ZnO Xylene Ethylbenzene n-Buthylalcohol Propylene glycol monomethylether TiO2 Copper pyrithione Coating A B 45-50 45-50 5-10 5-10 8 16 9 12 1-5 - 5-10 -

• 5

1-5 1-5

Wt %(mix.) Wt %(mix.)

MSDS of Chugoku Marine Paint , Lt d. MSDS of Chugoku Marine Paint , Lt d.

Experiment al Procedure (ASTM)

Aging Tank Aging Tank

Quant it at ive Analysis Quant it at ive Analysis

Release Rat e Measuring Cont ainer Release Rat e Measuring Cont ainer

Cont ainer of L.R Cont ainer of L.R Poly Carbonat e Poly Carbonat e Anlys Anlys. . HNO HNO3

3

Preparat ion Preparat ion Aquamarine Aquamarine (prepared (prepared By I on- exchanged By I on- exchanged Wat er) Wat er) pH8.2 pH8.2 Aging Aging Cond Cond. .

• Temp. 25
• Temp. 25
• pH8.2

pH8.2 24 hrs. t est ed 24 hrs. t est ed Prior t o t his exp. Prior t o t his exp.

Experiment al Condit ion of Release Rat e

• Meas. L.R

pH 7 pH 8.2(ASTM St d.) pH 9 Phosphat e Buffer Solut ion (PBS) Subst it ut ed Ocean Wat er (SOW) De- ionized Wat er(DI W) 0rpm 30rpm 60rpm 180rpm

pH, I on Rot at ion Speed Aging Tank

• Temp. 25

pH8.2

Alt ernat e Process of Holding t ank Cf:ASTM condit ion: pH 7 SOW 60 rpm

The Release Rat e of Test Panels

The panel was at t ached t o t he hull ship, and t est ing aft er voyage for 6 mont hs. Bilge keel of Bilge keel of Seiun Maru Seiun Maru Measurement of t he t hickness of t he paint fi

film

Measurement of t he t hickness of t he paint fi

film

The Release Rat e under St at ic Condit ion

• Two t ypes of panels wit h different sit uat ion
• Fresh panel
• Recovered panel
• Cleaning by t ap wat er before t est
• I mmersion period : 30- 120 days(exch.SOW: 10 days)
• Sampling period: up t o 4 hrs., every 1 hr.

Horizont al posit ion Horizont al posit ion wit h a downward wit h a downward direct ion direct ion

The Leaching Effect of Test Cylinder

• 1. Rot at ion Speed

The Effect s of Rot at ion Speed

The Observat ion of Cross- sect ional Surface of Test Cylinder

The leached layer The leached layer The Paint fi

film layer cont ained

The Paint fi

film layer cont ained

ant ifouling agent s ant ifouling agent s

The back- scat t ered elect ron image mode by SEM The back- scat t ered elect ron image mode by SEM

The Ef f ect s of Rot at ion Speed

30rpm 30rpm 60rpm 60rpm 180rpm 180rpm 0rpm 0rpm Coat ing A Coat ing A Coat ing B Coat ing B

The Leaching Effect of Test Cylinder

• 2. pH and Dissolved I on Species

The Effect s of pH and Dissolved I on Species

The Effect s of pH and Dissolved I on Species

P.B.S S.O.W D.I .W. pH7 pH9 Coat ing A Coat ing B

The Release Rat e of Test Panels

The Comparison of t he Release Rat e

The Mechanism of Leaching Rat e

Cu Cu2

2O leached

O leached

• ut
• ut

I n t he init ial st age I n t he init ial st age

Dissolut ion at t he int erface Dissolut ion at t he int erface

AF agent AF agent AF agent AF agent AF agent AF agent AF agent AF agent

Affect ed small Affect ed small Resist ance of Resist ance of diffusion diffusion Remaining Remaining polymer polymer

I n t he lat er st age I n t he lat er st age

Diffusion in t he leached Diffusion in t he leached layer layer Rat e- det ermining Rat e- det ermining st ep st ep Fact ors Fact ors

• Rot at ion Speed

Rot at ion Speed

• pH

pH

• Dissolved I on

Dissolved I on Affect ed Affect ed signifi

ficant ly

signifi

ficant ly

AF agent AF agent AF agent AF agent

A A skelt on skelt on st ruct ure st ruct ure

The Mechanism of Leaching Rat e

Coat ing A(P.B.S.) Coat ing A(P.B.S.) Leached Layer Leached Layer I n t he init ial st age I n t he init ial st age Fresh Paint Fresh Paint I n t he lat er st age I n t he lat er st age

Conclusion

1.

The aut hors clarifi

fied t he effect ive fact ors of physical

and chemical propert ies of wat er phase by various t est s in t he cylinder t est .

2.

The release rat e of t he cylinder t est could be almost equivalent t o t he fi

field t est , as t he leaching period

became long.

3.

The different phenomena of leaching rat e can be explained by t he development of t he leached layer.

4.

The development of t he leached layer is affect ed by a balance bet ween t he leaching rat e of ant ifouling agent s and coat ing of resin.

Chugoku Marine Paint s, Lt d.

• Mr. Kanet o Wat anabe of Nat ional I nst it ut e for

Sea Training

Financial Support Minist ry of t he Environment of Japan Minist ry of Land, I nfrast ruct ure and Transport

Acknowledgement

Thank you for your attention! Thank you for your attention!