Slide 1 / 43 Slide 2 / 43 New Jersey Center for Teaching and Learning Progressive Science Initiative This material is made freely available at www.njctl.org and is intended for the non-commercial use of students and teachers. These materials may not be used for any commercial purpose without the written Large Biological permission of the owners. NJCTL maintains its website for the convenience of teachers who wish to Molecules make their work available to other teachers, participate in a virtual professional learning Multiple Choice Review community, and/or provide access to course materials to parents, students and others. www.njctl.org Click to go to website: www.njctl.org Slide 3 / 43 Slide 3 (Answer) / 43 1 Why is information about carbon critical to 1 Why is information about carbon critical to understanding the “molecules of life”? understanding the “molecules of life”? it is the backbone of biological it is the backbone of biological A A molecules required for life molecules required for life it is the only element that can form it is the only element that can form B B Answer Answer triple bonds triple bonds A it results in the theory of vitalism (organic it results in the theory of vitalism (organic C C molecules are produced only in living molecules are produced only in living organisms) organisms) it is able to cause dehydration it is able to cause dehydration D D synthesis synthesis [This object is a pull tab] Slide 4 / 43 Slide 4 (Answer) / 43 2 Organic chemistry is the study of compounds 2 Organic chemistry is the study of compounds containing _________ containing _________ A carbon and hydrogen A carbon and hydrogen Answer Answer carbon and helium carbon and helium B B A carbon and nitrogen carbon and nitrogen C C hydrogen and nitrogen hydrogen and nitrogen D D [This object is a pull tab]
Slide 5 / 43 Slide 5 (Answer) / 43 3 What is the characteristic of carbon atoms that 3 What is the characteristic of carbon atoms that most contributes to its importance to critical most contributes to its importance to critical biological molecules? biological molecules? the ability to bond with eight (8) other atoms the ability to bond with eight (8) other atoms A A Answer Answer the ability to form hydrogen, carbon and the ability to form hydrogen, carbon and B B D covalent bonds covalent bonds the ability to choose the type of molecule the ability to choose the type of molecule C C to produce to produce the ability to form 4 (four) bonds the ability to form 4 (four) bonds D D [This object is a pull tab] producing a 3D structure producing a 3D structure Slide 6 / 43 Slide 6 (Answer) / 43 4 Why are fossil fuels, such as gasoline, considered 4 Why are fossil fuels, such as gasoline, considered organic compounds? organic compounds? they contain both hydrogen and carbon they contain both hydrogen and carbon A A Answer Answer A they contain hydrogen they contain hydrogen B B they contain carbon they contain carbon C C D they are only produced from living organisms D they are only produced from living organisms [This object is a pull tab] Slide 7 / 43 Slide 7 (Answer) / 43 5 There are two forms of hydrocarbons. Which is 5 There are two forms of hydrocarbons. Which is most able to accept new atoms and why? most able to accept new atoms and why? saturated hydrocarbons; they have double or saturated hydrocarbons; they have double or A A triple bonds that can be broken triple bonds that can be broken saturated hydrocarbon; they have single bonds saturated hydrocarbon; they have single bonds Answer Answer B B only which are easier to break only which are easier to break C unsaturated hydrocarbons; they have double or unsaturated hydrocarbons; they have double or C C triple bonds that can be broken triple bonds that can be broken unsaturated hydrocarbons; they have single unsaturated hydrocarbons; they have single D D bonds only which are easier to break bonds only which are easier to break [This object is a pull tab]
Slide 8 / 43 Slide 8 (Answer) / 43 6 There are many different types of proteins created 6 There are many different types of proteins created by bonding amino acids together. How is this by bonding amino acids together. How is this possible when there is a small set of amino acids? possible when there is a small set of amino acids? each protein is composed of 1-2 each protein is composed of 1-2 A A unique monomers unique monomers Answer Answer C each protein has exactly the same each protein has exactly the same B B monomers monomers each protein is an arrangement of monomers in each protein is an arrangement of monomers in C C a unique manner a unique manner each protein acts differently each protein acts differently [This object is a pull tab] D D depending upon the organism depending upon the organism Slide 9 / 43 Slide 9 (Answer) / 43 7 Monomers are bonded together by which of the 7 Monomers are bonded together by which of the following processes? following processes? hydrolysis hydrolysis A A Answer Answer non-hydration lysis non-hydration lysis B B D ionic bonding ionic bonding C C D dehydration synthesis D dehydration synthesis [This object is a pull tab] Slide 10 / 43 Slide 10 (Answer) / 43 8 Which of the following lists correctly identifies the 8 Which of the following lists correctly identifies the characteristic structures within an amino acid? characteristic structures within an amino acid? A ammonia - carbon group - side chain A ammonia - carbon group - side chain Answer Answer NH3 - COOH - side chain NH3 - COOH - side chain B B B NO2 - COH - side chain NO2 - COH - side chain C C N2OH- COOH - side chain N2OH- COOH - side chain D D [This object is a pull tab]
Slide 11 / 43 Slide 11 (Answer) / 43 9 When proteins are formed the _____ and of one 9 When proteins are formed the _____ and of one amino acid combines with the _______ end of a amino acid combines with the _______ end of a second amino acid for form a ___________ second amino acid for form a ___________ acid; amine; monopeptide acid; amine; monopeptide A A Answer Answer D amine; amine; polypeptide amine; amine; polypeptide B B amine; acid; monopeptide amine; acid; monopeptide C C acid; amine; polypeptide acid; amine; polypeptide D D [This object is a pull tab] Slide 12 / 43 Slide 12 (Answer) / 43 10 There are 20 standard amino acids. How do they 10 There are 20 standard amino acids. How do they differ from each other? differ from each other? the amine groups can vary the amine groups can vary A A Answer Answer D the carboxyl groups can vary the carboxyl groups can vary B B the carbons can vary the carbons can vary C C D the side chains can vary D the side chains can vary [This object is a pull tab] Slide 13 / 43 Slide 13 (Answer) / 43 11 Which of the following statements best describes 11 Which of the following statements best describes the impact of the structure of proteins? the impact of the structure of proteins? shape is driven by chemistry; shape dictates shape is driven by chemistry; shape dictates A A function function shape is driven by chemistry; polarity dictates shape is driven by chemistry; polarity dictates B B Answer Answer function function A shape is driven by environment; shape is driven by environment; C C environment dictates function environment dictates function shape is driven by chemistry; shape is driven by chemistry; D D environment dictates function environment dictates function [This object is a pull tab]
Slide 14 / 43 Slide 14 (Answer) / 43 12 For which level of structure in proteins do the side 12 For which level of structure in proteins do the side chains play the biggest role? chains play the biggest role? secondary secondary A A Answer Answer B B tertiary B tertiary primary primary C C quaternary quaternary D D [This object is a pull tab] Slide 15 / 43 Slide 15 (Answer) / 43 13 How does a protein change during denaturation 13 How does a protein change during denaturation and why is this important? and why is this important? the protein loses amino acids; the polarity the protein loses amino acids; the polarity A A Answer Answer may be changed may be changed B the protein loses its shape; the protein the protein loses its shape; the protein B B cannot function cannot function the protein loses HOH; dehydration the protein loses HOH; dehydration C C synthesis cannot occur synthesis cannot occur [This object is a pull tab] the protein gains amino acids; the protein changes the protein gains amino acids; the protein changes D D into a different protein into a different protein Slide 16 / 43 Slide 16 (Answer) / 43 14 Proteins play many critical roles in organisms. 14 Proteins play many critical roles in organisms. Which of the following pairs correctly connects Which of the following pairs correctly connects the function of a protein to its class? the function of a protein to its class? cytoskeleton is structural; antibodies are cytoskeleton is structural; antibodies are A A Answer Answer defense defense A speed regulation is enzymes; muscles speed regulation is enzymes; muscles B B are hormonal are hormonal hair is storage; hemoglobin is hair is storage; hemoglobin is C C transport transport [This object is a pull tab] hormones are signaling; membrane hormones are signaling; membrane D D proteins are enzymes proteins are enzymes
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