INVESTIGATIVE ENCOUNTERS 1 Case 1:08-cv-01034-AT Document 620 - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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INVESTIGATIVE ENCOUNTERS 1 Case 1:08-cv-01034-AT Document 620 - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Jan 07, 2024 313 likes •833 views

Case 1:08-cv-01034-AT Document 620 Filed 07/25/18 Page 48 of 97 INVESTIGATIVE ENCOUNTERS 1 Case 1:08-cv-01034-AT Document 620 Filed 07/25/18 Page 49 of 97 The law is not new 2 Case 1:08-cv-01034-AT Document 620 Filed 07/25/18

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INVESTIGATIVE ENCOUNTERS

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The law is not new

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Placeholder for page 1 of new PG 212-11 image of paperwork

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He fits the “Profile”

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Level 1 Request for Information

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Objective Credible Reason

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Level 1 Tools:

  • You can continue to observe
  • You can ask non-accusatory questions

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You Can’t:

Ask accusatory questions Seek consent to search Detain the person, block his path or use force Direct the person to stop

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Level 2 Common Law Right Of Inquiry

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Founded Suspicion

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What can you do?

  • Can you ask accusatory questions?
  • Yes
  • Can you ask for consent to search?
  • Yes
  • Can you use force or threaten to use force?
  • No

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What can you do?

  • Can you use protective measures?
  • Yes
  • Can you direct the person to stop?
  • No
  • Can you block the person’s path?
  • No

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A Level 2 Encounter is not a Stop:

  • It is an encounter
  • It is an approach
  • Person must always feel free to

leave

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Consent to Search

“May I search your bag/person?” “I can only conduct a search if you

  • consent. Do you understand?”

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+

Explain purpose for the encounter

Right to Know Act

  • All Level 2 encounters
  • All Level 3 Terry stops
  • Frisks
  • Searches
  • Vehicle checkpoints
  • Detectives only:

questioning of witnesses and victims

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Right to Know Act Exceptions

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Protective Measures

These include ordering the individual to take her/his hands out of her/his pockets, put down or step away from an otherwise lawful object that could be used as a weapon, grabbing the person’s hands if the circumstances suggest the person may be grabbing a weapon, or forcibly removing the person’s hands from her/his pockets if the individual refuses to remove them from her/his pockets.

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Does the person have to:

  • Answer your questions?
  • No
  • Produce ID?
  • No
  • Consent to a search?
  • No (but you can ask)
  • Can he or she walk away?
  • Yes

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Body-Worn Camera Video

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Level Two

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Corroborating an ANONYMOUS CALLER BEFORE YOU GET TO THE SCENE Call ANI ALI - Get a NAME

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If you can’t get a name: Did caller JUST EYEWITNESS CRIMINALITY? Get caller’s basis for knowing about the crime

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Corroborating an ANONYMOUS CALLER WHEN YOU GET TO THE SCENE Observations that corroborate alleged criminality

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Body-Worn Camera Video

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Level 3 The Terry Stop

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Level Three

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Level 3 Examples

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STOP AND POSSIBLY FRISK

There are two standards here: Stop: reasonable suspicion that someone has committed, is committing, or is about to commit a felony or Penal Law misdemeanor. Frisk: independent reasonable suspicion that someone is armed and dangerous.

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What is a Frisk? What is a Search?

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Remember:

There is no requirement that you be absolutely certain the suspect is armed. Reasonable suspicion deals with probabilities and not hard certainties – just be able to explain your reason based

  • n clear and articulable facts.

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Body-Worn Camera Video

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A summons is a Level 4 encounter

Can you frisk someone you are going to summons?

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A Good Stop Report

DOES THE TALKING FOR YOU

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The Narrative: DETAILS, DETAILS, DETAILS

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[DO THE FACTS SUPPORT A STOP? ARE ALL CHECKBOXES EXPLAINED? IS THE RADIO RUN DESCRIPTION INCLUDED AND HOW THE SUSPECT MATCHED IT?] [WHY DID YOU FRISK? WHY DID YOU SEARCH?]

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Stop Report App

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The Activity Log Entry

You need to include:

  • Date, time and location of stop
  • Pedigree information
  • ICAD #
  • Suspected Felony or Penal Law

Misdemeanor

  • Precinct Serial Number, if available

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Stop Report:

  • All Level 3 Terry Stops, even if it

leads to an arrest

  • Every person stopped

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PG 212-11: Minor or Inadvertent Mistakes

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