Invasive Forest Pests: Threats to Oregon Wyatt Williams Forest - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Invasive Forest Pests: Threats to Oregon Wyatt Williams Forest - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Invasive Forest Pests: Threats to Oregon Wyatt Williams Forest Health in Oregon: State of the State 2018 February 28, 2018, Corvallis Oregon Department of Forestry Promoting and Practicing 1 Sustainable Forestry What is an invasive species?

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Oregon Department

  • f Forestry

Promoting and Practicing Sustainable Forestry

Wyatt Williams

Forest Health in Oregon: State of the State 2018 February 28, 2018, Corvallis

Invasive Forest Pests: Threats to Oregon

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What is an invasive species?

Hypothetical community

Native Non-native Pests

  • Non-native in origin
  • A pest (competes with humans for resources)
  • Tremendous negative consequences
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What is an invasive species?

Hypothetical community

Native Non-native Pests

  • Non-native in origin
  • A pest (competes with humans for resources)
  • Tremendous negative consequences

Pests

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What are invasive species?

Hypothetical community

Native Non-native Pests Invaders

  • Non-native in origin
  • A pest (competes with humans for resources)
  • Catastrophic to environment/economies
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How do forest invasive species get here?

  • 1. Live plant trade (~70% of species)
  • 2. Wood packing material (~25% of species)
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Distribution of exotic forest pests

  • Over 450 non-native forest insect species are

established in U.S. (Liebhold et al. 2013)

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What can we do about invasive species?

  • 1. Prevention
  • 2. EDRR
  • 3. IPM
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  • Goal: Train professionals how to identify key invasive pests
  • Early detection = better chance of eradication or

containment

Interagency cooperation!

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Oregon Forest Pest Detectors

Six online modules – 1.5 hour total:

  • 1. Invasive species overview
  • 2. Emerald Ash borer
  • 3. Asian Longhorn beetle
  • 4. Goldspotted oak borer
  • 5. Asian gypsy moth
  • 6. Reporting invasive species

For more information or to take the free class, http://pestdetector.forestry.oregonstate.edu/

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OFPD Field Courses

For more information or to take the free class, http://pestdetector.forestry.oregonstate.edu/ Students test their knowledge from

  • nline, face-to-face

workshops.

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To report an invasive species:

Oregoninvasiveshotline.org

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Emerald Ash Borer (EAB)

  • First detected in U.S., 2002
  • 100+ million trees killed in 30

states since 1990s

  • Several ash species at risk
  • Ecosystem effects

EAB in the U.S.

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Oregon Ash – a widespread and common tree in Oregon, California, and Washington.

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10 20 30 40 50 60

  • No. of occurrences

Elevation (feet x 100)

Frequency distribution of Oregon ash by elevation

Elevation range %points* Focus for EAB ≤1000' 79% High 1000-2000' 16% Medium 2000-2500' 4% Low *Data from: ODF EAB surveys, 2013-2015 (n=895 points) Oregon Flora Project (n=820 points)

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Hold onto your Ash!

City of Portland Street Tree Inventory 4.8% or 72,000 public ash $21M removal ($290/tree) $28M replacement ($387/tree) $49M total cost to PDX

$850 $380 $350 $60 $38

Costs of EAB in millions $, as of 2011*

Local government Property value losses Landowner costs Timber industry Federal government *Aukema et al. 2011. Economic impacts forest invaders in the U.S. PLoS one.

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Photo: Dan Herms

Toledo, OH Before EAB 2006

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Photo: Dan Herms

Toledo, OH After EAB 2009

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  • Introduction and background
  • Define roles of stakeholders
  • Readiness

– Risk Assessment, Detection

  • Response

– Communication plan, quarantine, restoration

  • Funding
  • Appendices

– Sample press release, IPM fact sheet

Draft EAB Plan for Oregon

Final plan will be released late Spring 2018 http://www.OregonEAB.info/

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Invasive woodborer survey

8 trap types per site 12 sites 8 sample periods, Apr-Sept =768 samples per year

Clifton, OR Longview, WA Prescott Scappoose Sauvie Island Railroad Bridge Chinook Landing Rooster Rock Cascade Locks Hood River Rowena Ridge Dallesport, WA

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Invasive woodborer survey – 2016-2017 results

Abundance # species Native 11,521 170 Exotic 81,437 24 Genus only 467 6 Total 93,425 200

5000 10000 15000 20000 25000

  • X. saxesenii abundance by site

Fruit-pinhole borer (Xyleborinus saxesenii)

Photo by Pest & Diseases Images Library, Bugwood.org

77,605, or 83%, of total capture:

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22 95 100 105 110 115 120 125 All taxa

Total number of species by trap type 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1. alpha-pinene, ethanol 2. ethanol 3. Monochamus lure set 4. Exotic Ips lure set 5. Oak pinhole lure set 6. Pine shoot beetle lure set 7. Control (no lure) 8. Green leaf volatiles

Invasive woodborer survey – 2016-2017 results

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New exotic species detected

  • J. Basham

Chrysobothris rugosiceps (Cerambycidae)

Longview, WA; June 15, 2017 Native to eastern North America First record on west Coast Hosts: Oak, chestnut

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Pest and Diseases Images Library, Bugwood.org

Cyclorhipidion pelliculosum (Curculionidae: Scolytinae)

New exotic species detected

Rooster Rock; May 24, 2017 Native to Asia First record in western North America Hosts: Alder, maple, oak, chinkapin

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25 10 20 30 40 50 60 April 25 May 16 June 6 June 27 July 18 Aug 8 Aug 29 Sept 19

CA 5-spined Ips, Hood River, 2016

Additional info for slash management

Providing info on native forest insects

Pest and Diseases Images Library, Bugwood.org

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Gypsy moth

  • European & Asian subspecies
  • 500+ host species, including DF
  • Forest and Ag threat in PNW
  • Detections (and eradications) in

Oregon since 1970s

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Oregon gypsy moth update

  • 100% success in eradicating gypsy moth
  • Enormous benefits to Oregon’s economy
  • Vast amounts of pesticides not being

applied in PNW 2017 Gypsy moth report (From ODA):

  • 15,135 traps deployed
  • No AGM
  • No GM from 2016 eradication site
  • EGM in 2017: Multnomah Co. (3);

Benton Co. (5); Lane Co. (2); Josephine Co. (1)

2016 gypsy moth eradication site (green polygon: 8,674 acres) in Portland/Vancouver. Source: Oregon Dept. Agriculture

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Orange hawkweed (Hieracium aurantiacum)

Photos by M. Shephard

  • Detected in Clatsop Co, 2017
  • Class A noxious weed (ODA)
  • Perennial
  • Rhizomes, stolons, seeds
  • Adapted to disturbance
  • Surveys on Clatsop SF, 2018

Oregon Dept. of Agriculture

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Gorse (Ulex europaeus)

  • Bandon, OR 1873
  • Related to Scotch broom
  • “List B” noxious weed
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Gorse: costs, distribution

  • ODA. 2014. Economic Impact From Selected Noxious

Weeds in Oregon. Current acres, costs: 28,000 acres $441,000 Total susceptible: 16.6 million acres $206 million Percent of potential: 0.2% acres occupied 0.2% costs realized

First in Oregon: 1873

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Bandon fire of 1936

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Town of Bandon

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Between Elk and Sixes Rivers

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North of Bandon

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  • Wild Rivers Coast Alliance, Coos County, Coos Watershed

Association, City of Bandon, ODA, ODF, State Parks, Coos Forest Protection, USFS, BLM, business owners

  • Awarded “Oregon Solutions” Project by Gov.

Brown – 2017

  • Mapping, Best Management recommendations,

Education/Outreach, FireWise, Hwy 101 Demo project

  • Next meeting: March 12, 9-noon, Bandon

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http://gorseactiongroup.org/

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Invasive species threaten sustainable forestry

Paul Sauders W OR Total harvest by tree species, 1987-2007

Doug-fir Hemlock True fir Cedar Pine Spruce Other softwoods Alder Maple Madrone Other Hardwoods

Forestry: $5.2 billion GDP in Oregon Are we ready for next invasive species?

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Thank you for listening!

  • Invasive species will continue to affect Oregon’s forests
  • Prevention and EDRR are keys to success
  • Collaboration required to meet challenges

Wyatt Williams Invasive Species Specialist Oregon Dept. of Forestry wyatt.williams@oregon.gov 503-945-7472