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Introduction Joan Boone jpboone@email.unc.edu Summer 2020 Slide 1 - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Jan 28, 2023 •245 likes •423 views

INLS 560 Programming for Information Professionals Introduction Joan Boone jpboone@email.unc.edu Summer 2020 Slide 1 Information Science and Programming Information science is that discipline that investigates the properties and behavior

  1. INLS 560 Programming for Information Professionals Introduction Joan Boone jpboone@email.unc.edu Summer 2020 Slide 1

  2. Information Science and Programming “ Information science is that discipline that investigates the properties and behavior of information...and the means of processing information for optimum accessibility and usability. ” -- Borko, H. (1968). Information science: What is it? American Documentation, 19, 3. SILS Masters Papers that focus on the processing and analysis of information A NLP Processing Approach to Analyzing Consultation Visits... by Yumeng Liu ● Analysis and Visualization Methods for Data-Driven Longitudinal Patient Summary ● by Jyotsna Krishna Sastrula Implementation of an Event-based Business Document Indexing and ● Retrieval System by Huiying Ma Visual Analytics System Implementation in ICISS environment by Rita Kundu ● Finding similarity using metadata of clinical trials using Natural Language ● Processing in DataBridge by Harika Boya Searching for Art Records: A Log Analysis of the Ackland Art Museum's ● Collection Search System by Meredith Hale Slide 2

  3. Visualization of Search Log Analysis Ackland Art Museum Search Collection Results Slide 3

  4. Programming Languages: History, Usage, and 'Popularity' ● A brief History of Programming Languages – Fortran, LISP, COBOL, Pascal, C, C++, Objective-C, Perl, Python, Ruby, Java, PHP, JavaScript, ... ● Many uses – Supercomputing, AI, teaching, systems programming, game development, commercial apps, embedded software, mobile apps, database apps, network programming, graphics, web apps (server-side and client-side browsers), big data analysis ● IEEE Spectrum: 2019 Top Programming Languages ● TIOBE Index measures 'popularity' of languages based on search engine hits Slide 4

  5. The Proliferation Problem programming languages Source: http://xkcd.com/927/ Slide 5

  6. Why Python? ● High level language → easier to understand ● General purpose language → can solve many types of problems ● Scripting language → no compilation ● Simple syntax → no curly brackets and semi- colons ● Simple semantics → no data typing Slide 6

  7. Basic Concepts: Computer Hardware Source: Starting Out with Python by Tony Gaddis Slide 7

  8. How Computers Store Data Source: Starting Out with Python by Tony Gaddis Slide 8

  9. How a Program is Executed (Run) Source: Starting Out with Python by Tony Gaddis Slide 9

  10. Compiling a Program Source: Starting Out with Python by Tony Gaddis Slide 10

  11. Interpreting a Program Source: Starting Out with Python by Tony Gaddis Slide 11

  12. Basic Concepts: Computer Software High-level language program (C, Objective-C, Java, ) Interpreter Compiler translates alternates entire program translation and execution of program Machine language executes statements Program (specific to Mac, PC, Linux ) Slide 12

  13. Using Python: Several Choices Python Interpreter (installed with Python) ● Run from Command Prompt (Windows) or Terminal (Mac) IDLE Programming environment (installed with Python) ● Includes a text editor, debugger, other features Slide 13

  14. Best Choice is an IDE: PyCharm Python IDE (Integrated Development Environment) ● Intelligent Code Editor ● Debugger ● Documentation Slide 14

  15. First Program: hello_world.py Green check mark indicates no errors Output after running the program print("Hello World!") ● print is a built-in Python function ● print has one argument: “Hello World!” ● “Hello World!” is a string (or text), delimited by double quotes Slide 15

  16. Python: Use version 3.x (not 2.x) A few version differences... ● In 3.x, print is a function: print(“this”) (not print “this” ) ● In 3.x, input function replaces raw_input function Why this might be a problem... ● Many online code samples will not specify the version used ● Possible hint: Version release dates How do you know? ● Check Python documentation, ensure you are looking at 3.8.x code ● Reference: What's New in Python 3.0 ● Better yet...PyCharm will flag as an error! Slide 16

  17. Errors and Debugging 3 kinds of errors can occur in a program ● Syntax: Language syntax is incorrect, so the program won't run ● Runtime: Error occurs after the program starts running ● Semantic: Program runs successfully, but produces wrong results Debugging Process of figuring out what went wrong and ● fixing it Can be both frustrating and interesting ● One of the best ways to learn programming ● Source: http://xkcd.com/568/ Slide 17

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