Introduction ! ! - - PDF document
Regional Workshop on Beef markets and trade in China and Southeast Asia Timor Leste country profile Scott Waldron (The University of Queensland), Vicente de Paulo Correia and Adelino do Rego (Universidade Nacional Timor Lorosa 'e ), Calisto da
Scott Waldron (The University of Queensland), Vicente de Paulo Correia and Adelino do Rego (Universidade Nacional Timor Lorosa'e ), Calisto da Costa Varela (Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries)
Economic'growth' " TL!sustained!growth!rates!between!8%!&!!14%!!since!2007! " NonVoil!per!capita!GDP!was!$610!in!2010! " Supply!side!–!limited!opportunity!for!farmers!in!other!rural!ac7vi7es,! but!increased!exposure!to!urban!lifestyle!is!slowly!changing!tradi7onal!
" !Demand!side!–!high!popula7on!growth!&!some!income!growth!has! increased!beef!demand!in!Dili! Government'Priori1es' " ! Short! industry! history! –! an! a0empt! to! build! support! system,! &! modemise!tradi7onal!system! " !Effort!to!increase!upstream!services!(e.g.,!animal!health,!extension!&! produc7on)! " !More!tangible!measures!downstrean!(to!centralize!slaughter!&!retail)!! V!This!represent!an!effort!!to!skip!industry!development!stages!
Macro&drivers&&&priori.es&…………&
0! 200! 400! 600! 800! 1,000! 1,200! 1,400! 1,600! 1,800! 0! 20,000! 40,000! 60,000! 80,000! 100,000! 120,000! 140,000! 160,000! 180,000! Tonnes'beef' Head'ca=le' Ca0le!in!stock!(head,!lee!axis)! Ca0le!slaughter!(head,!lee!axis)! Ca0le!meat!(tonnes,!right!axis)!
Ca0le!and!beef!produc7on!indicators.!Source:!FAOSTAT!! District'ca=le'and'household'indicators'in'the'ca=le'sector,'2010.''
Source:'NSD'and'UNFPA'(2011).'' ! Households' with'ca=le' 2010'' Annual'average' increase'since' 2004' (compounded'' %'of'households' with'ca=le'2010' Ca=le'numbers' 2010'(head)' annual'average' increase'since' 2004' (compounded)' Av'herd'size' 2010'(head'/' household)'
TIMORVLESTE! 43,028!! 1%! 23%! 161,654!! 3%! 3.8! AINARO! 1,688!! 1%! 17%! 6,435!! 7%! 3.8! AILEU! 2,139!! 1%! 31%! 4,697!! 5%! 2.2! BAUCAU! 1,511!! V2%! 7%! 6,165!! V1%! 4.1! BOBONARO! 7,313!! 1%! 43%! 29,235!! 3%! 4! COVALIMA! 5,472!! 4%! 49%! 22,378!! 8%! 4.1! DILI! 779!! 1%! 2%! 3,597!! 8%! 4.6! ERMERA! 4,755!! 2%! 25%! !!!!!11,255!! 4%! 2.4! LIQUIÇA! 3,276!! 4%! 32%! 8,018!! 5%! 2.4! LAUTEM! 2,853!! 2%! 25%! 16,874!! 7%! 5.9! MANUFAHI! 2,039!! 2%! 26%! 7,559!! 5%! 3.7! MANATUTO! 1,590!! 1%! 23%! 6,204!! 6%! 3.9! OECUSSI! 6,178!! 44%! 16,562!! 2.7! VIQUEQUE! 3,435!! V1%! 25%! 22,675!! 3%! 6.6!
OSSU ALAS SUAI SAME VIQUEQUE LOSPALOS LAUTEM LACLO LACLUTA VEMASE BARIQUE BAUCAU NITIBE BALIBO ILIOMAR LACLUBAR LAGA TUTUALA HATOLIA LALEIA BAGUIA ZUMALAI ATABAE FATUBERLIU AINARO AILEU VILA WATULARI MALIANA MAUBARA MANATUTO HATU-UDO REMEXIO LURO CAILACO QUELICAI TILOMAR ATSABE PANTE MACASAR TURISCAI MAUBISSE BOBONARO LOLOTOE ATAURO LIQUIDOE BAZARTETE VENILALE SOIBADA FOROHEM OESILO FATUMEAN LIQUICA LETEFOHO RAILACO ERMERA MAUKATAR UATUCARBAU HATU-BUILICO METINARO PASSABE LAULARA CRISTO REI FATULULIC DOM ALEIXO TUTUALA ILIOMAR
Ca0le!and!buffalo!distribu7on!in!Timor!Leste.!I!dot!represents!100!head,!distributed!randomly! within!suco!boundarie;"Source:"2010"na/onal"census" !
Business Opportunities and Support Services (ILO and donors) - cattle marketing links, centralised slaughter, butcher shops Certification for movement,
police, suco chiefs Production
district level (SPVD)
Integrated cow-calf / fattening households
~22,000 head turnoff Meat hygiene
Animal Health
and Biosecurity
Cermonies
~ 5,000 hd/yr Animal heath
clinics
Livestock Workers
Inputs & services Cattle production Cattle marketing Slaughter Retail & consumption
Fattening households or companies
Credit
(friends, relatives) traders
credit missing Breeding
natural mating
breeding services Spotters & collectors Traders
CCT
marketing ~360 hd/year Butchers
~5,000 hd/yr
~5,000 hd/yr Dili abattoir (service slaughter for butcher shops) ~660 hd/yr 3 butcher shops in Dili Stalls in wet markets
(periodic)
Dili 7 supermarkets in Dili (some act as wholesalers) Feed
feed
trade/ value
manufact ure In-home consumption Sales @ slaughter area Out-of-home consumption
restaurants Indonesian live cattle trade ~5,000 hd/yr Beef imports
= ~1,00o head
Integrated Discrete Integrated Discrete Integrated Contract
1kg/ cap/yr
Integrated
Industry planning and policies
Slaughter activity, inspection & permits
Street vendors
BOSS, Mercy Corps, other ACIAR, World Vision (forages)
Agencies & jurisdiction
Supply&chains&and&agencies&in&the&TL&beef&industry&&
Loca1on' Type'of'meat' Price'($/'Kg)'
Dili!wet!market!!(fresh!domes7c)! ! !Comoro! ! !Taibessi!! ! !Manlewana! ! Generic!meat! Generic!meat! Generic!meat! ! ! !6.00! 7.50! 6.50! District!market!!(fresh!local)! Generic!meat! ! 5.00!–!6.00! Butcher!shop!!!!(Ebai!&!Talho!Moris)! ! ! Silverside! Eye!round! Tenderloin! Sirloin! T!Bone! ! 9.00!–!10.00! 9.00!–!9.50! 20.00!–!25.00! 13.00!–!15.00! 15.00! Supermarkets!!(frozen!imported)! Sirloin! Boneless!beef! Boneless!rump! 10.30! 9.25! 9.60!
!
Year' Ca=le'(head)' Buffalo'(head)' Hides'(pieces)' 2005! 2913! 99! 2006! 2473! 151! 2007! 2022! 410! 2008! 1201! 260! 400! 2009! 910! 76! 4872!
Source:!MAFF!2010!!
Year' Volume'(t)' 2009!V2012! !!!100!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(Australia!&!NZ)! 2013! !!!!!26! 2014! !!!153! Formal!ca0le!and!buffalo!exports!2005V10!! Beef!Imports!(frozen)!
1013''Y'2017' 2018'Y'2022' 2023'Y'2030'
Goals'
! 20%!increase!in!Bali!ca0le!numbers!
! 200!tons!of!imported!meat!("beef")! per!year!replaced!by!domes7c! product! ! !5,000'head'of'ca=le'exported' annually' ! 80!ca0le!slaughtered!every!day!in! slaughterhouses!for!domes7c! consump7on!! ! ! 30%!increase!in!Bali!ca0le! produc7on! ! 200!tons!of!meat!exported! per!year! ! 10%!of!milk!consumed!in! school!meals!is!produced! locally! ! Industrializa7on!of!livestock! products!! ! ! 50%!increase!in!Bali!ca0le! produc7on! ! Livestock!products! processing!and! industrialisa7on!developed! and!sustainable! ! Export!of!meat!and! livestock!products! contribute!40%!of!nonVoil! GDP!!
Programs'
" Loca7on!of!poten7al!areas!for! intensifica7on!of!Bali!ca0le!! " Beef!ca0le!census! " Improving!pens!and!vaccina7on!! " Preserva7on!of!na7ve!pastures,! development!of!fodder!crops!and! forage!conserva7on!! " !Breeder!selec7on!and!bull!castra7on! " Animal!Health!Centers!! " Forma7on!of!new!groups!of!Bali! ca0le!farmers! " Disease!treatment!and!vaccines!!
!
" Establishment!of!an!Animal! Produc7on!Research!Center! " Gene7c!improvement!of! ca0le!breed!(Bali!ca0le).! " !Improvement!of!grazing! animals!and!nutri7on! " Animal!Health!Centers! Establishment!in!all!Districts! and!clinics!in!all!SubVDistricts! " Establishment!of!a!slaughter! house!and!a!meat!packing! center!
!
" Establishment!of!a!system!
" Establishment!of!cer7fied! aba0oirs!and!butchers!! " Promote!partnerships!with! financial!centers!and! a0rac7ng!investment! (private!sector)!in!ca0le! produc7on!area!and! industrial!processing!of! livestock!prod!!
# Extension!system!–!To!provide!publically!funded!services!free!of!charge!to! farmers!(442!extension!workers;!one!extension/village)! # !Animal!health!–!Government!&!external!agencies!have!placed!large! a0en7on!on!the!animal!health!sector!(e.g.,!!free!vaccina7on,!disease! surveillance!&!treatment,!development!of!the!na7onal!laboratory,!the! development!of!Animal!Health!Centres,!etc)! # !Feeds!V!!is!sourced!through!grazing,!crop!residues!&!forages!onVfarm!or! nearby!areas.!Several!projects!started!to!promote!forages!amongst! farmers!including!the!Don!Bosco!Fuiloro!school,!Do7k,!World!Vision!!&! ACIAR!projects!! # !Finance!–!3!foreignVowned!banks!(Mandiri,!ANC,!BNU);!1!state!bank! (BNCTL),!2!microfinance!ins7tu7ons!(Tuba!Rai!Me7n!&!Moris!Rasik).! BNCTL!has!not!inves7gated!livestock,!but!will!consider!it!subject!to!steps! and!criteria!! # !Breeding!–!So!far!there!is!no!program!on!breeding!introduced!
$ The!vast!majority!of!ca0le!are!grazed!for!all!or!most!of!the!year!on! grasslands,!scrubland!or!scavenging!around!the!aldeia.!! $ Ca0le!can!be!penned!at!night,!seasonally,!or!in!some!cases!not!at!all.! $ Ca0le!are!produced!predominantly!in!“unspecialised!systems”!where!the! vast!majority!of!farmers!own!breeders!that!produce!calves!that!are!fed!to! slaughter!weight.!! $ !ca0le!produc7on!systems!in!TL!can!be!seen!as!inefficient!insofar!as! exis7ng!resources!are!underVu7lised!or!not!used!in!a!strategic!way!to! meet!key!constraints.!! $ !Ca0le!in!TL!are!raised!in!low!input!–!low!output!systems.!With!low!inputs! (feed,!labour,!capital),!outputs!are!also!low!(beef!produc7on)!as!are! intermediate!indicators!(calving!rates,!growth!rates,!turnoff!rates).!!
% The!slaughter!sector!is!dominated!by!rudimentary,!low!cost!structures!but! also!comprised!of!tradi7onal!structures!!(ceremony)!and!more!modern! structure!(refurbished!abbatoir)! ! % !GoTL!!V!seek!to!move!the!rela7ve!importance!of!these!structures!toward! more!modern!!structures!through!regula7on,!inspec7on!and!centralisa7on!