InternetCAR Internet Connected Automobile Researches Keisuke - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

InternetCAR

～Internet Connected Automobile Researches～ Keisuke UEHARA, Ph.D

KEIO University/WIDE Project/Internet ITS Consortium

Background and Motivation

“Give and Take” basis helps society. Automobile has more than one hundred sensors. If we can collect these data, useful information can be provided. This kind of application is called as Probe Car or Floating Car Data Frontline base is necessary in emergency situation. Automobile can move, has battery, can bring heavy/large equipment. “Communication” is most important capability. Internet connectivity can be used for map/music distribution, controlling taxi/bus, web browsing, E-mail and so on.

Key Issues Internet Mobility

Connect all on-board equipments Across radio coverage seamlessly Use of heterogeneous communication media to connect automobile to the Internet anytime/anywhere.

Platform of Internet CAR

Data dictionary of automobile have to be standardized to exchange each other. Platform of geographical information on the Internet is necessary to develop real space networking.

Connect IVN to the Internet: NEMO

Proposition: A vehicle uses any communication media seamlessly. Solution: iCAR introduces NEMO to connect IVN to the Internet. Movement: CoA, which vehicle want to use, is changed. When a vehicle moves, it report it to its HA. Packet will be delivered via a HA.

Internet

MR WiFi Cellular

CN HA

MR

AP

MR WiFi Cellular

AP CN assume that the vehicle is always located behind of HA.

Expands radio coverage: L2.5 MANET

Proposition: Vehicles prefer to connect via a wideband medium. Solution: iCAR introduces L2.5 MANET to expand BB media coverage. Global MANET segment is constructed with AP as a center. Local MANET segment is constructed with a vehicle as a center. Local MANET segment is twice bigger than Global MANET segment to follow general IPv6 manner. Reactive MANET algorithm can be applied to L2.5 MANET. MANET segment acts as “subnetwork of Internet”.

MR WiFi Cellular

AP

Internet

MR WiFi Cellular MR WiFi Cellular MR WiFi Cellular MR WiFi Cellular MR WiFi Cellular MR WiFi Cellular MR WiFi Cellular MR WiFi Cellular MR WiFi Cellular MR WiFi Cellular

Expand

Infrastructureless communication Routing optimization: L3 MANET

Proposition: Vehicles communicate using shortest path. Vehicles connect each other without any infrastructure. Solution: iCAR introduces L3 MANET to establish a shortcut routing path.

• By default, a vehicle supports NEMO.
• When two vehicles know routes which can reach each other, it can be “shortcut”

paths.

• Any dynamic routing protocol can be used to make shortcuts. But MANET

protocols work well than others due to dynamicity.

• Proactive MANET algorithm can be applied well.
• Bidirectional path is necessary.
• MANET have to have hop limitation. In addition, route information must not

redistribute.

AP AP

MR WiFi Cellular

Internet

MR WiFi Cellular MR WiFi Cellular MR WiFi Cellular MR WiFi Cellular

CN Shortcut

Exchange data and information: Data dictionary

Proposition: Vehicles exchange their data and information each other even if types of vehicle or manufacturer is different. Solution: iCAR introduces data dictionary model.

• Each vehicle has its particular dataset and element types.
• Physical value can be defined in theory.
• Each data can be used for any applications.
• Extensible format is important to long use.
• Any protocol can be used to exchange data.

Light Temp. Wiper Speed

Data Dictionary Formalized Digital Data

• Ex. Formalization

Light: 0V/12V → Off/On Temp.: Volt

→ ℃

Speed: Pulse# → Km/h Wiper: Motor

→ Off/Int/On

Only formalized data can be used in ubiquitous computing environment.

Platform for Real space networking: GLI, LBS platform

Proposition: Many applications in real world is based on the location. Solution: Platform for location based on Internet is introduced.

• Many kind of representation of location: Address, Lat/Lng, 10m left away…
• There are many information to guess the location: timetable, seat plan…
• There are two types of operation: Area Node ID, Node ID Location.

HID Server Area Server Registration Server

HID：3ab40cf……e N35˚39’38” E139˚38’29” HID：3ab40cf……e N40˚10’38” E140˚10’29” LBS Reference model (ISO/TC211)

History of InternetCAR Project related activities

• PDC-P
• WiFi
• PHS-DATA
• Location
• Speed
• Camera
• Temp.
• Humidity
• Acceleration
• Winker
• Proprietary

system

• MR+IPv6S

ensors

• Taxi
• Bus

Nagoya, Yokohama 1490+30 Interoperabili ty check 2003

• PDC-P
• SWIFTCOM
• Location
• Speed
• Proprietary

system

• Taxi

Nagoya 1490 Joint work of more than hundred

• rganization

2002

• Location
• Speed
• Wiper
• Hired/Vacant
• Location
• Speed
• Winkers
• Side break
• Location
• Speed
• Wiper
• Location
• Speed
• Wiper
• Location
• Speed
• Wiper
• Location
• Speed
• Wiper
• Location
• Speed
• Wipre
• Light

Retrieved Information

• Taxi
• Passenger car
• Taxi
• Bus
• Taxi
• Bus
• Commercial

car

• Truck
• Garbage car
• Test car
• Passenger car
• Passenger

car

• Test Car

Type of Car Nagoya, Kawasaki Yokohama Yokohama Kouhoku Fujisawa, Nara, Ishikawa Fujisawa Fujisawa Location 1640 270 270 10 10 7 1 # of Cars Communica tion Media On-board system

Characteri stic

FY

• PDC-P
• PC

First testing 1996

• PDC-P
• PHS
• Wireless LAN
• Note PC

Introducing Mobile IPv4 1997 Internet ITS IPCar(JSK) Internet CAR(WIDE) PDC-P, cdma1x, PHS, PHS-DATA, WiFi, DSRC

• PDC-P
• PDC-P
• PDC-P
• PDC-P
• Wireless LAN
• Proprietary

system

• Proprietary

system

• Proprietary

system

• Proprietary

system

• sic2000

Introducing IPv6, Design of Internet ITS Platform Improving accuracy of Probe Car system Feasibility study of Probe Car system Possibility check

• f Probe Car

system Development of On-board system 2001 2001 2000 1999 1998

Testing Environment

WiFi Cellular Phone Ethernet (IVN) WiFi Antenna

Mar 03 2004

Testing Environment

Four IPv6 Sensors Mobile Router (MR) Antenna （EVDO）

MR and IPv6 Sensor IPv6 based on-bard equipment Vehicle information can be retrieved using SNMP/IPv6 IPv6 GPS

CALM ～Communication, Air Interface for Long and Medium Range～

• What is “CALM”?
• ISO/TC204/WG16 is working to define New ITS Networking architecture.
• CALM Supports…

continuous communications both of ITS services and Internet services Support master/slave and peer-peer modes Support user transparent networking and handover spanning multiple media, media providers and beacons

• History
• Apr. 2001

Proposed PWI with other CALM Medias Start to consider the requirements

• Feb. 2003

Convener was changed from US to Japan

• Apr. 2004

NP ballot. Passed.

• Oct. 2004

First version of Working Draft was published Call for comments

CALM Scenarios

Scenario 0 (out of focus) Scenario 1 (without Internet access)

Server

Not IP

• Single media
• Running car

Server

IPv6

• Single media
• Running car

Scenario 2 (with Internet access without Media switching) Scenario 3 (with Internet access with Media switching)

IPv6

• Single media
• Running car with large range communication media
• Parking car
• Car requests to server

Internet Internet

Server IPv6

• Multiple Media
• Both of running car and parking car
• Both directional communication

Internet Internet

Server

CALM Architecture and SAPs of Network part

• 2G: 2nd Generation Cellular Phone
• 3G: 3rd Generation Cellular Phone
• IR: Infrared
• M5: 5GHz Band ITS Media
• MM: Microwave Media
• PPM: Point to Point Millimeter wave
• WBB: Wireless Broadband
• IVN: In-Vehicle Network
• CME: CALM Management Entity
• NEM: Network Management Entity
• IME: Interface Management Entity

SAP SAP

SAP defined in ISO21210 SAP defined outside of ISO21210

IPv6 Routing & Media switching (ISO21210) Lower SAP (ISO21218) M5

(ISO21215)

IR

(ISO21214)

MM

(ISO21216)

2G

(ISO21212)

3G

(ISO21213)

PPM

(TBD)

IME

(ISO21218)

NME

(ISO21210)

TCP/UDP CME

(ISO21210)

Application without Internet Access Application With Internet Access Without Media switching Application With Internet Access With Media switching WBB

(TBD)

IVN

(TBD) SAP SAP SAP SAP SAP SAP

Possible CALM physical configuration

Model SS-1 Model SS-2 Model SM Model MS Model MM Single MR Multiple MR Single LFN Multiple LFN

CME-CME NME-NME CME-CME NME-NME CME-NME Discovery CME-NME Discovery CME-NME Discovery CME-NME Discovery

“CME-NME discovery”, “NME-NME”, “CME-CME” will be defined in next step.

CME – CALM Management Entity

Application

NME

CME-App-SET.request CME-App-SET.response CME-Device-SET.request CME-Device-SET.response NME-Filter-SET.request NME-Filter-SET.response CME-XXX.indication CME-XXX.confirm NME-IfStatus.indication NME-IfStatus.confirm NME-IfInfo-GET.request NME-IfInfo-GET.response

CME

NME-IfPrio-SET.request NME-IfPrio-SET.response Already defined To be defined To be removed Defined in other document

NME – Network Management Entity

R&MS

IME

(ISO21218)

CME

NME-Filter-SET.request NME-Filter-SET.response NME-IfStatus.indication NME-IfStatus.confirm IME-IfStatus.indication IME-IfStatus.confirm Already defined To be defined To be removed Defined in other document NME-IfInfo-GET.request NME-IfInfo-GET.response

NME

IME-IfIInfo-GET.request IME-IfIInfo-GET.response RMS-Filter-SET.response RMS-Filter-SET.request RMS-BU.response RMS-BU.request NME-IfPrio-SET.request NME-IfPrio-SET.response

Conclusion IPv6 makes you happy with various applications.

Safety / Smooth traffic / Low pollution / Entertainment

Key technologies for ITS PLATFORM are already available.

Network technology Application platform CALM – Communication Air interface, Long and Medium Range

Multiple wireless communication media Seamless media switching based on IPv6 Multiple application

We should support this idea, if…

we can provide active safety (Driving assistant) we can reduce traffic jam (Pollution, Safety) We know that these technologies helps above. We can do something already.