Interaktiv 3D datorgrafik - mer n bara spel Stefan Seipel - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Interaktiv 3D datorgrafik - mer n bara spel Stefan Seipel University of Gvle Stefan Seipel 2008-05-07 GraphiX @ HiG Teaching: Creative Computer Graphics Computer Science - Visiomatics Research: Computer Graphics Visualization Image

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2008-05-07 Stefan Seipel

Interaktiv 3D datorgrafik

  • mer än bara spel

Stefan Seipel University of Gävle

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2008-05-07 Stefan Seipel

Teaching: Creative Computer Graphics Computer Science - Visiomatics Research: Computer Graphics Visualization Image Processing Decision support

GraphiX @ HiG

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Objectives: * Provide supportive tools for decision makers * Support group-work situations * Provide intuitive interaction * Gain insight by interaction (visual analytics)

Graphics & Visualization Research

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Supporting time-critical decision

making in process industry

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The Lime Kiln – Part of the Chemical Process

Process m onitoring Efficiency Energy savings Safety Monitored variable Temperature

Time varying scalar field data in pulp process industry

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  • Infrared line scanner
  • Kiln is revolving at 1/40 s-1
  • Full surface scan every 40 sec.
  • Data matrix 123 x 512 scalar values

– Value range: 50°C – 450°C – Instantaneous temperature

Monitoring of Temperatures - Termographic Imaging

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Part of the operator’s environment The conventional visualization

Visual Monitoring of 2D Scalar Field Data

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Critical situations to identify

  • Bonded deposits

slow dynamic process (days-weeks) low variability of temperature

  • Variations of fuel and chemical composition

relative slow process (minutes to hours) relative low variability of temperature

  • Localized damages of insulation

rapid dynamic process (seconds to minutes) sudden increase of temperature

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Current form of visualization

Problems perceived by process operators:

  • Instantaneous temperature
  • Assessment of deviations by

comparison (page flipping)

  • Poor variation of color in

region of interest

Normal temperature range

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Current form of visualization

Identified problems according to theory:

  • Existing palette is a fixed palette
  • Current color palette is quantized (approx.40 steps)
  • Δθ is not immediately visualized
  • Δθ and θ difficult to assess simultaneously

Normal Temperature Range Range of Interest 50o 450o

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Color map improvements

Gray scale Heated Iron Dual Ended Existing Min-Mean-Max

  • > Deviation
  • > Absolute
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General mapping plausible combinations

Visualization

Color Shape 2D map θ

  • 2D map

Δθ

  • 3D field

θ θ 3D field θ Δθ 3D field Δθ θ 3D field Δθ Δθ 3D cylindrical map θ θ 3D cylindrical map θ Δθ 3D cylindrical map Δθ θ 3D cylindrical map Δθ Δθ

New 3M scale for Δθ Same as used today, however with Heated Iron scale Natural mapping to real situation

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Visualization Results

θ -> Color Δθ -> 3D Shape θ -> Color Δθ -> Color θ -> 3D Shape

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Visualization Results

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What are the effects in real use?

Field study in real working environment:

  • Real working teams in sharp environment
  • Additional virtual lime kiln
  • Simulated local insulation defects

Temperature increase

50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Interval Degrees C

40s

Temperature increase modulates intensity of defect pattern

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Simulator study

Experimental design:

  • 2 Teams (B and F)
  • Each team tested all 3 conditions (3 afternoon shifts)
  • 6 simulated incidents during 4 hours shift
  • Depending variable: Detection time
  • Main factor: Visualization
  • 2 x 6 Observations per condition
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Results of the Simulator Study

25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250

Median Mean

Pooled Detection Times (Both Teams)

Detection Time [s]

2D Map 3D Field 3D Tube

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Results of the Simulator Study

Detection Times (Median) Between Teams

25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 2D Map 3D Field 3D Tube

B-Team F-Team

Detection Time [s]

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Results of the Simulator Study

2 4 6

2D Map 3D Field 3D Tube

Detection Intervals

B-Team F-Team

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Conclusion

  • Operators appreciate the visualization

(in daily use since January 2006)

  • New color scale for visualization of deviations
  • 3D gave better performance better than 2D
  • 3D cylinder intuitive and natural mapping
  • 3D map was better than 3D cylinder
  • No factorial analysis of shape and color
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Supporting decision makers in

group-work situations

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Collaborative & interactive 3D graphics

Traditional geographical maps are 2D Showing a 2D image on a 2D display is trivial No problems for existing SW to visualize in table-top displays Most geographical map viewers are 2D or at best 2.5D

Early versions of TT displays in com m and and control

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What if we would show real 3D features ?

…we would get a hole lot of trouble…technically speaking

Requirem ents to visualization of 3 D features

Eye’s positions needed (tracking) Multiple individualized views Dynamic rendering even for static content Stereo cues (optionally)

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Is it feasible ?

Com puter Sw eden, 2 0 th of October 2 0 0 4

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Is it feasible ?

…there is a technical challenge…

A schem atic of Mim er’s w ell

Network Network

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This is what we can achieve…

Dynam ic view ing conditions I ndividual content Pettersson, Spak and Seipel, 2005 : “Collaborative 3D Visualizations of Geo-Spatial Information for Command and Control”, proceedings of Sigrad 2004

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GIS and 3D TT Displays

GIS applications do largely not exploit the functionality

  • f advanced (3D) table-top displays

Dynamic and observer dependent projections still a mystery Potential benefits not yet clearly perceived by GIS community When is observer dependent (3D) content useful e.g. for GIS?

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a) Improved text and symbolic presentations

Pettersson, L.W.; Lind, M.; Spak, U. & Seipel, S. (2005),Visualization of symbols in a horizontal multiple viewer 3D display environment, in 'Proceedings of IEEE Information Visualization 2005', pp. 357-362.

Experiment: Comparing the efficiency in identifying symbols presented using three different forms of visualization.

2. 1. 3.

Viewing angle Display surface

2. 1. 3.

Viewing angle Display surface

Flat Frontoparallel Reference condition Covers the same display area as frontoparallel 2. 1. 3.

Visualization conditions as on screen

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a) Improved text and symbolic presentations

Cheek mount Test leader Test subject Polarizing eyewear Response gear Cheek mount Test leader Test subject Polarizing eyewear Response gear

Experim ental procedure

Frontoparallel Flat

  • Ref. Condition

1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400 2600 2800 3000 3200 3400 Time in milliseconds Frontoparallel Flat

  • Ref. Condition

1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400 2600 2800 3000 3200 3400 Time in milliseconds

Results

Frontoparallel versus 2D normal flat: (t= -2.31, N=11, p < 0.022) Frontoparallel versus 2D control condition: (t= -2.93, N=11, p < 0.007). 12 subjects 50 trials in each of the three conditions Score: Average time of lat 10 trials per condition

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b) Collaborating in complex tasks

Pettersson, L.W.; Kjellin, A.; Lind, M. & Seipel, S. (2006),'Effects of Layer Partitioning in Collaborative 3D Visualizations''Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on Visual Computing ISVC 2006', Lake Tahoe, Nevada.

Experiment: Solving visually complex tasks by collaborating using partitioned subtasks.

Integral View Partitioned Views

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b) Collaborating in complex tasks

Experim ental procedure: 2 0 persons in 1 0 Dyads 5 trial stim uli + 2 x 1 5 stim uli Blocks of 1 5 stim uli is random ized

Views of the actual experimental task – a 3D and logical/combinatorial task

Integral view (first person view) Partitioned view for user A

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b) Collaborating in complex tasks

Results in a nutshell:

Pettersson, L.W.; Kjellin, A.; Lind, M. & Seipel, S. (2006),'Effects of Layer Partitioning in Collaborative 3D Visualizations''Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on Visual Computing ISVC 2006', Lake Tahoe, Nevada.

For the details see:

ANOVA: main effect of condition (F(1,8)=14.30, p<0.0054) main effect of order (F(1,8)=10.54, p<0.012)

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c) Understanding time and geography

W orks subm itted to I nform ation Visualization Journal and Journal of Applied Perception

Series of experiments investigating the space-time cube: The space-time cube uses elevation over ground to depict time

2D trajectory of moving targets 3D trajectory of moving targets

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c) Understanding time and geography

W orks subm itted to I nform ation Visualization Journal and Journal of Applied Perception

What we investigated:

  • Assessment of speed and geographic position of moving entities
  • Assessment of temporal order of arrival of moving entities
  • Assessment of areal spreading patterns

Motivation:

  • Transportation logistics
  • Disaster relieve planning
  • Disease prevention

Conclusions:

  • Time-space cube no general solution for spatiotemporal problems
  • Apparent benefits in the assessment of order of arrival in time and space
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Some conclusions

W orks subm itted to I nform ation Visualization Journal and Journal of Applied Perception

Table-top display environments for viewer-dependent visualizations are suitable for

  • displaying textual and symbolic information more efficient
  • splitting up visual tasks for collaborative users
  • better understanding some temporal aspects in geographically related processes
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Intuitive interaction

for visual interfaces

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Current trends in table-top displays

Frustrated Total I nner Reflection

Focus shifting towards interaction rather than 3D

Han, J. Y. 2005. Low-cost multi-touch sensing through frustrated total internal reflection. In Proceedings of the 18th Annual ACM Symposium on User interface Software and Technology (Seattle, WA, USA, October 23 - 26, 2005). UIST '05. ACM Press, New York, NY, 115-118.

The I R cam era im age A use case

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High resolution multi-point interaction

PixelActiveSurface – W ork in progress by Seipel, Forsberg and Pettersson

Focus shifting towards interaction rather than 3D

Specific features: Multi-point interaction High resolution Identified points of interaction

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Acknowledgements

Torsten Johnsson, Högskolan I Gävle Lars W. Pettersson, Uppsala University Mats Lind, Uppsala University Andreas Kellin, Uppsala University Daniel Wesslén, University College of Gävle Ann-Kristin Forsberg, University College of Gävle Ulrik Spak, Projekt AQUA, Swedish Defense College

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Creative Computer Graphics

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Creative Computer Graphics

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Creative Computer Graphics

Digitala specialeffekter

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Creative Computer Graphics

Innehåll

Modellering och animation Specialeffekter Datorgrafik och matematik Programutveckling Film

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Creative Computer Graphics

Mål

Yrke: VFX-artister CG-artister

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Creative Computer Graphics

Arbetsmarknad

Film Reklam Reklamfilm Designvisualisering Spel

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Creative Computer Graphics

Modeller

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Creative Computer Graphics

Animationer

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Creative Computer Graphics

Animationer

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Creative Computer Graphics

Karaktärsanimering

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Creative Computer Graphics

Karaktärsanimering

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Creative Computer Graphics

Specialtekniker

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Creative Computer Graphics

Specialtekniker

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Creative Computer Graphics

VFX

Compositing – kombinera 3D och foto Färgkorrigering Effekter – eld, rök etc

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Creative Computer Graphics

Compositing

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Creative Computer Graphics

Designvisualisering

Med benäget bidrag från Mattias Borg, Borgs AB, Gävle Student på CCG (KP) 1999

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Creative Computer Graphics

Designvisualisering

Med benäget bidrag från Mattias Borg, Borgs AB, Gävle Student på CCG (KP) 1999

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Creative Computer Graphics

Till slut

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Creative Computer Graphics