Integrated Care: A psychiatrists perspective Mark Viron, MD - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Integrated Care: A psychiatrists perspective Mark Viron, MD - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Integrated Care: A psychiatrists perspective Mark Viron, MD Director of Health Home Services Massachusetts Mental Health Center Assistant Professor of Psychiatry Harvard Medical School DMH Research COE Conference | March 29 th , 2018


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DMH Research COE Conference | March 29th, 2018

Integrated Care:

A psychiatrist’s perspective

Mark Viron, MD

Director of Health Home Services Massachusetts Mental Health Center Assistant Professor of Psychiatry Harvard Medical School

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  • Why bother with integration?
  • What is it?
  • What does it look like?
  • Does it work? Why?
  • What does the future hold?

Overview

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Medical Illness & Mental Illness

  • People with serious mental illness are

more likely to –Have medical problems –Get them at a younger age –Die sooner once they have them

Colton 2006, DRC 2006

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Serious Mental Illness and Early Death Average age of death of a Department of Mental Health Client?

52 52

DMH 2013

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Serious Mental Illness and Early Death

Most (60%) of these early deaths are from?

Medical Illness

The #1 cause of death?

Heart Disease

Parks 2006 & 2008, Saha 2007, Newcomer 2007, DMH 2013

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How healthy is Massachusetts?

Obesity

23.6%

#2 Smoking

13.6%

#5 Diabetes

9.3%

#14 Hypertension

29.6%

#12 High cholesterol

34.5%

#10

#1

Americashealthrankings.org (2017)

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Obesity

47%

Smoking

47%

Diabetes

20%

Hypertension

46%

Dyslipidemia

59%

How healthy is MMHC?

#50

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Poor Health Outcomes

Poor quality of care Lifestyle Environment Mental Illness Medications

What Causes the Poor Health of People with Mental Illness?

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Poor Health Outcomes

Poor quality of care Lifestyle Environment Mental Illness Medications

What Causes the Poor Health of People with Mental Illness?

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Integrated Care

  • M. Keshavan AJP 2012
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Integrated Intake Assessment

(Psychiatric assessment & general health screen)

Mental Health Services WaRM Center (Wellness

and Primary Care Services) Clozapine / Injection / Well-being & Medication Clinics

Primary care services Tobacco Treatment Exercise / Nutrition Health screening (including dental and vision) Preventive care, including vaccines Self-management

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2011 Onsite Primary Care (BWH) 2014-16 MA AGO Behavioral Health Grant 2015-19 SAMHSA PBHCI Grant

Milestones in WaRM Center development

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Primary Care Services

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Wellness Services

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WaRM Center Wellness Services

Wellness Check-in Get Fit Together Whole Health Action Management Nutrition group Smoke Free Program Yoga

Fitness, nutrition, tobacco cessation, self-management

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WaRM Center Smoke Free Program

*Outreach *Engagement *Assessment

Personalized Plan Services Follow-Up

1, 3, 6, 9, 12 months

  • Smoking status
  • Breath carbon monoxide
  • Service use
  • Barriers encountered
  • Provider updates
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Smoke Free Program Services

Care Coordination Education 1:1 Cessation Counseling Peer coaching Cessation medications Groups

  • Learning about Healthy Living
  • Stop Smoking Group
  • Text messaging
  • Smartphone Apps
  • Online programs

Quitline referrals Let’s Talk about Smoking Website

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Self-Management

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Whole Health Action Management

  • Informed by people with lived

experience & based on principles from existing evidence-based disease self-management programs

  • Goal: teach skills to better self-

manage physical and mental health conditions

  • Individual and group settings

integration.samhsa.gov 2016

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Exercise/Nutrition

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InSHAPE

  • Health mentors: certified fitness trainers who

accompany participants on activities chosen by the participant

  • Facilitated access to fitness activities
  • Nutrition counseling and education
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WaRM Center Outcomes

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Health Indicators Improved

20 40 60 80 100

BP BMI Waist CO A1C HDL LDL

Percent

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Wellness participants vs non-participants

Better engagement = Better outcomes

20 30 40 50 60

Baseline 12-month

Percent at Risk

Blood Pressure

Non-Participant Participant

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Wellness participants vs non-participants

Better engagement = Better outcomes

20 30 40 50 60

Baseline 12-month

Percent at Risk

Tobacco use (CO level)

Non-Participant Participant

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Success! (It can take a while)

2 4 6 8 10 12 14

# of cigarettes/ day

Averge daily use of cigarettes: group mean 12 24 32 Months

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Better care = Better outcomes

Carbon Monoxide Levels in Primary Care 5 10 15 20

Baseline 6 months 12 months 18 months* Heavy smoker Light smoker Non-smoker ppm

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Better care = Better outcomes

Blood Pressure 60 80 100 120 140

Baseline 6 months 12 months 18 months*

Systolic Diastolic WaRM PCP Non-WaRM

mmHg

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Better care = Better outcomes

Medical Hospitalizations

0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2

Rate Hospitalizations per person per year 17% Non-WaRM WaRM PCP

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It's all about systems... But more so...

People!

What does integration require?

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Integration

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Complex Integration

“Getting Better Together”

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  • Relationships, relationships,

relationships

  • Coordination
  • Team meetings
  • Flexibility / accommodation
  • Sustainability

What does integration require?

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  • MMHC clients not receiving WaRM primary

care:

  • 60% had seen a Primary Care doctor within

the last 6 months

  • MMCH clients receiving WaRM primary

care:

  • 88% had seen a Primary Care doctor within

the last 6 months

Relationships

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  • ACOs, BHCPs, ACCS

– There are reasons for optimism!

  • But…to coordinate care, you

need care to coordinate

–State-wide initiatives to improve infrastructure and workforce capacity with DSRIP funding

The future of integration?

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  • Outreach and Active Engagement
  • Comprehensive Assessment and Person-Centered

Treatment Planning

– #18 of 21: Food security, nutrition, wellness, and exercise

  • Care Coordination and Care Management
  • Care Transitions
  • Medication Reconciliation
  • Health and Wellness Coaching
  • Connection to Community and Social Services

ACO Behavioral Health Community Partners (BHCP)

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  • Health and Wellness Coaching activities may

include, but are not limited to:

– Providing health education, coaching and symptom management – Education on how to reduce high risk behaviors and health risk factors, such as smoking, inadequate nutrition, and infrequent exercise – Assistance in linking to health promotion activities such as smoking cessation and weight loss – Assistance in setting health and wellness goals

ACO Behavioral Health Community Partners (BHCP)

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  • Deliver interventions to improve overall health

and well-being including, but not limited to, healthy eating, physical activity and relaxation techniques

  • Have strategies for addressing modifiable risk

factors for early morbidity and mortality, including smoking, nutrition and physical activity, such as standardized screening and assessment tools, MI, SoC, WHAM, and/or other evidence-based interventions

Adult Community Clinical Services

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Accountability?

Relevant proposed quality/performance measures

ACOs

  • Tobacco Use:

Screening and Intervention

  • BMI

assessment

  • Hypertension
  • Diabetes
  • Utilization of

BHCPs

  • Care Plan

Collaboration

  • Preventable

ED Visits BHCPs

  • Admissions for

diabetes

  • Annual primary

care visit ACCS

  • Annual primary

care visit

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  • An “intensive care management

program” working for weeks with a patient before connecting with primary team

  • Inpatient units not coordinating

with outpatient treaters

  • PCP refusal form

Integration Missteps

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  • Will these services make a difference?
  • Are we ensuring the right kind of services?
  • Who will provide wellness services

appropriate for our population?

  • Are we training the current/next

generation?

  • Will we commit to sustaining beneficial

services?

The future of integration?

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Why does this matter?

Average age of death of a Department of Mental Health Client?

52 52

DMH 2013