Innovative Transit Technologies Study Tampa Bay Area Regional - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Innovative Transit Technologies Study

Tampa Bay Area Regional Transit Authority May 2020 Update

Task Overview and Schedule

• Three technologies:
• Urban Aerial Gondolas (cable

propelled transit)

• Air Taxis (Urban Air Mobility)
• Hyperloop

Paths towards Implementation

• Technology Readiness
• Governance/regulatory frameworks
• Federal, State and Local level
• Issues and opportunities

Governance/Regulatory Framework Research & Development Prototype Testing Pilot Testing Deployment Operations

Urban Aerial Gondolas

• Technology exists today and operates in urban areas

around the world

• Urban aerial trams in the U.S.:
• Portland Aerial Tram
• Roosevelt Island Tram
• Aerial gondolas in Florida:
• Walt Disney World Skyliner

Portland Aerial Tram, http://www.gobytram.com/ Background: Disney Skyliner, disneyparks.disney.go.com

Governance/Regulatory Framework Research & Development Prototype Testing Pilot Testing Deployment Operations

Urban Aerial Gondolas

• No Federal regulatory body
• FTA does not have general requirements or guidelines
• Funding possible but no known examples
• Buy America Act (or waiver)
• ADA accessibility requirements
• Section 5309 Capital Investment Program, 5307 Urban Area

Formula Grant, BUILD, USDOT Surface Transportation Program, CMAQ

• FAA coordination for use of airspace
• Coast Guard coordination for use above navigable waterways

Background: Disney Skyliner, disneyparks.disney.go.com FTA: Federal Transit Administration FAA: Federal Aviation Authority BUILD: Better Utilizing Investments to Leverage Development Program CMAQ: Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality

Governance/Regulatory Framework Research & Development Prototype Testing Pilot Testing Deployment Operations

Urban Aerial Gondolas

• American National Standards Institute (ANSI) for

Aerial Passenger Ropeways

• Industry standard for development and operations
• Design and installation
• Electrical design and installation
• Operations and maintenance
• Committee reps. comprised of:
• Ski areas and resorts
• Manufacturers
• Operators

Governance/Regulatory Framework Research & Development Prototype Testing Pilot Testing Deployment Operations

Background: Disney Skyliner, disneyparks.disney.go.com

Urban Aerial Gondolas

• State Oversight
• Typically a Tramway Safety Board is

responsible for oversight

• Often found in states with established ski areas:
• Northeast US
• Appalachian Mountains
• Colorado & Utah
• Roosevelt Island Tram: State Department of

Labor oversight

• Portland Aerial Tram: No state oversight
• Disney Skyliner: No state oversight

Roosevelt Island Tram, https://rioc.ny.go Background: Disney Skyliner, disneyparks.disney.go.com

Governance/Regulatory Framework Research & Development Prototype Testing Pilot Testing Deployment Operations

Urban Aerial Gondolas

• State Oversight
• Florida has no state oversight Board
• Disney Skyliner meets ANSI Standards
• Areas interested in developing as public transport:
• Miami-Dade
• Ft. Lauderdale
• Pinellas County
• Public transport may spur statewide oversight authority, though

gondolas can operate without (Portland Aerial Tram)

Governance/Regulatory Framework Research & Development Prototype Testing Pilot Testing Deployment Operations

Background: Disney Skyliner, disneyparks.disney.go.com

Urban Aerial Gondolas

• Local Oversight
• Annual safety inspections
• Gondolas and all associated structures and mechanisms
• Evacuation plans and drills
• Stations - fire, electrical, etc.
• Land use and impacts
• Station locations
• Visual characteristics
• Tower height and style
• Gondola facility crossings
• Roadways, waterways, utility corridors, etc.

Governance/Regulatory Framework Research & Development Prototype Testing Pilot Testing Deployment Operations

Background: Disney Skyliner, disneyparks.disney.go.com

Air Taxis/Urban Air Mobility

• Air taxi developers continue to work through technical

challenges and testing

• Federal government and private sector focused on

regulatory framework, certification and integration

• Critical governance and safety regulations must be in

place before passenger Urban Air Mobility (UAM) can become a reality

Governance/Regulatory Framework Research & Development Prototype Testing Pilot Testing Deployment Operations

Background Image: Urban Elevate Vertiport “Fast-Forwarding to a Future of On-Demand Air Transportation”, October 27, 2016 Concept

Air Taxis/Urban Air Mobility

Air Taxis/Urban Air Mobility

Federal/State/Local Coordination Federal “Top Down” Regulatory Considerations

Data from NASA UAM Market Study, 2018 – incorporating recent updates

Air Traffic & Fleet Operations Management

Operator Certification Operator Licensing Fleet Management UAM TM & Airspace Integration

Vehicle Development Production

Vehicle Certification Airworthiness

Air Traffic & Fleet Operations Management

Zoning Restrictions Cybersecurity Infrastructure Requirements

Individual Vehicle Management & Operations

Registration Surveillance Pilot Certification Autonomous Operations

Community Integration

Land Use and Zoning Fleet Management and Operations Infrastructure Requirements Noise Requirements

Governance/Regulatory Framework Research & Development Prototype Testing Pilot Testing Deployment Operations

Air Taxis/Urban Air Mobility

• NASA Administration
• Leader in UAM vision and recommendations
• Increased funding for R&D
• Engaging state and local stakeholders (not just traditional/technical

aviation community)

• UAM Advanced Air Mobility Initiative (formerly Grand

Challenge)

• Developing CONOPS to bring industry together

Governance/Regulatory Framework Research & Development Prototype Testing Pilot Testing Deployment Operations

Background Image: Urban Elevate Vertiport “Fast-Forwarding to a Future of On-Demand Air Transportation”, October 27, 2016 Concept

Air Taxis/Urban Air Mobility

Governance/Regulatory Framework Research & Development Prototype Testing Pilot Testing Deployment Operations

• State and local governments do

not have authority over airspace

• Local governance authority
• Land Use
• Privacy
• Trespass
• Nuisance
• Law Enforcement
• Some states and cities are

engaging influence through early partnerships with FAA and NASA

• Partnership demonstrations

Air Taxis/Urban Air Mobility

Governance/Regulatory Framework Research & Development Prototype Testing Pilot Testing Deployment Operations

Images attributed to NCDOTCommunications (Flickr) (NCTransoSummit-2020.01.08)

In January 2020, eHang received FAA approval to test the first non-piloted U.S. test flight in North Carolina, without passengers

Air Taxis/Urban Air Mobility

• Key areas of regulatory evolution needed:
• Air traffic and fleet
• Vehicle development and production
• Airspace system design and implementation
• Individual vehicle management and operations
• Community integration

Background Image: Urban Elevate Vertiport “Fast-Forwarding to a Future of On-Demand Air Transportation”, October 27, 2016 Concept

Governance/Regulatory Framework Research & Development Prototype Testing Pilot Testing Deployment Operations

Air Taxis/Urban Air Mobility

Governance/Regulatory Framework Research & Development Prototype Testing Pilot Testing Deployment Operations

Electrification (2023) Automation (2030) Safe Clean Quiet Cheap Fast Efficient

• 50% less O&M costs
• Greatest value with

less noise and emissions

• Development and

testing is possible under existing FAA certification process for airworthiness

• Not easily adaptable

from principles governing manned aviation

• Slower integration
• ver time with

decreasing pilot responsibilities

Full UAM Scalability (2040)

Air Taxis/Urban Air Mobility

Governance/Regulatory Framework Research & Development Prototype Testing Pilot Testing Deployment Operations

• UAM Certification
• FAA will determine airworthiness
• Costly and time consuming (upwards of $5 billion and 10

years for one vehicle)

Electric Aircraft Typologies and Applicable Certification Pathways (Source: https://www.foxrothschild.com/content/uploads/2020/01/BRO_Electric-Aircraft_Rivera_January-2020.pdf)

Air Taxis/Urban Air Mobility

Governance/Regulatory Framework Research & Development Prototype Testing Pilot Testing Deployment Operations

Based on Draft NASA CONOPS Framework (Presented at Community Meeting, February 2020

Hyperloop

• Development and testing phases
• R&D underway, prototype testing at R&D facilities
• Virgin Hyperloop One: Las Vegas, Nevada
• Currently identifying location for Certification center
• Hyperloop Transportation Technologies: Toulouse, France
• Feasibility analyses underway (corridor alignments and

impacts)

Governance/Regulatory Framework Research & Development Prototype Testing Pilot Testing Deployment Operations

Background Photo Source: Virgin Hyperloop: hyperloop-one.com

Hyperloop

• Federal Rail Administration (FRA) has been lead

agency for USDOT to date

• Uncertainty of future Federal oversight authority:
• FRA
• FTA
• FAA
• Federal agency(ies) will enforce safety requirements

and certification

Governance/Regulatory Framework Research & Development Prototype Testing Pilot Testing Deployment Operations

Background Photo Source: Virgin Hyperloop: hyperloop-one.com

Hyperloop

• NETT Council: Identify and resolve jurisdictional and

regulatory gaps associated with Hyperloop and other emerging technologies, including:

• Safety oversight
• Environmental review
• Funding issues
• Streamline regulatory process

Governance/Regulatory Framework Research & Development Prototype Testing Pilot Testing Deployment Operations

Background Photo Source: Virgin Hyperloop: hyperloop-one.com

Hyperloop

• State Governance/Regulatory Framework
• State Oversight Program (Florida = FDOT)
• Oversees safety and security of all fixed-guideway transit systems

fully/partially funded by the state

• Oversight and coordination where technology intersects

with surface transportation

• e.g. rail crossing, state highway or the use of ROW
• Create or enhance funding mechanisms (use tax, TIF, P3)
• Florida has history of P3

Governance/Regulatory Framework Research & Development Prototype Testing Pilot Testing Deployment Operations

Background Photo Source: Virgin Hyperloop: hyperloop-one.com

Hyperloop

• Local Authority
• Local and Regional Master Plans
• Zoning
• Land Use Ordinances
• Local and Regional agencies will be primary drivers of

integrating Hyperloop into planning process, and working with hyperloop developers on feasibility studies

• (see NOACA Great Lakes Hyperloop Feasibility Study)

Governance/Regulatory Framework Research & Development Prototype Testing Pilot Testing Deployment Operations

Background Photo Source: Virgin Hyperloop: hyperloop-one.com

Paths towards Implementation

2020 2030 2040

Urban Aerial Gondolas

Governance/Regulatory Framework Research & Development Prototype Testing Pilot Testing Deployment Operations

Already operating in urban areas

Monocable Image Source: Leitner-ropeways.com

Paths towards Implementation

2030 2040

Aerial Taxis/Urban Air Mobility

2025: Pilots/ Demos with Real Life Use Cases 2030: Staged Implementation (Medium/High density locations) 2035+: Mobility Integration 2020-2025: Certification and Operational Testing Prior to 2020-2025: Air Taxi Vehicle Development

2020

2030-2035: Autonomous and Remote Operations Estimates based on review of various reports for planning purposes only

Governance/Regulatory Framework Research & Development Prototype Testing Pilot Testing Deployment Operations

Monocable Image Source: EmbraerX eVTOL concept

Paths towards Implementation

2020 2030 2040

Hyperloop

Governance/Regulatory Framework Research & Development Prototype Testing Pilot Testing Deployment Operations

Prior to 2020-2025: Hyperloop Pods/Test Tracks Development & Testing 2023-2029: Hyperloop Certification & Safety Standards Development 2035+: Earliest Likely Hyperloop Project Estimates based on review of various reports for planning purposes only

Monocable Image Source: Virgin Hyperloop One

Tampa Bay Markets

Transit Profile

• Existing/anticipated service

performance

• Speeds and capacity
• Engineering needs/constraints
• Service market

Next Step

Tampa Bay Markets

Regional Needs

• Define the deed
• Technology assignment
• Service market assessment
• Gap analysis
• Technology phasing

Next Step

Questions?