Influence on winter-hardness Soil Winter- hardness Fungi- - PDF document

Cost-effective winter-preparation of turf-grasses on golf-courses Light House Golf Resort 18.09.2009 As you walk down the fairway of life you must smell the roses, for you only get to play one round. Ben Hogan Thomas Fischer - International Technical Support Vita - Thomas Fischer • 48 years old, married, two daughters of 15 and 18 • Horticultural and commercial education, since 1994 working for Scotts • Golf-Operation-Manager IST/GMVD since 2003 • Consultant for golf-courses, sport-fields and landscaping e. q. in D/PL/A/CH/EST/MA and technical support in Germany and foreign countries • Teacher at the greenkeeper-education in Kempen • Secretary of the GVD district East • Publications in Greenkeepers Journal, campos, Meyer GaLaBau diary et al. • Arrangements of turf-seminars with leading turf-specialists like Dr. Beard, Dr. Bernd Leinauer et al. • Own Web-Site www.golf-infos.de (Turf Internet-Address-Book) Liebig’s law of the minimum Light Oxygen in soil Temperature Soil Water Macro-nutrients Micro-nutrients Growth is not controlled by the total of resources available, but by the limiting factor. �

Influence on winter-hardness Soil Winter- hardness Fungi- Fertili- cides zation of turf- grasses Mainte -nance Is winter-hardness possible? • Physical properties • Granule-size • USGA-spec • Compaction • Chemical properties • Nutrients - absolute • Nutrients - balance • NPK-ratio Black Layer • Bad figures results in weak turf!! • Weak turf has no winter-hardness!! Physical properties Green 13 • During construction • Left side • Low precipitation • Right side • Higher precipitation • Important to know! • Weather-forecast! �

Weather-forecast - and history Varna-BG Chemical properties Sampling Soil - Tissue - Water Thomas Fischer - International Technical Support The Integrated Analyzing Concept Base of all planning Soil-sample Water-sample Topdress-sample Tissue-sample Diseases Harris Harris www.etl-ltd.com Local lab Kate Entwistle Problems? No Yes Normal Maintenance Main nutrients Trace elements pH N-P-K-Mg Adapt fert-plan Liquid nutrition High Low Liquid / WSF > 7,2 > 5,5 N-P-K-Mg-ratio Acidifying Ferts Check reason Liming 1 - 0.2 - 1(max. 1.4) - 0.1 RZM Water Topdress/Sand �

Why tissue-analysis? • Support on daily work • Diagnosis (actual situation) • Deficiency or excess • E. q.: Potassium in excess is luxury-consumption (use of SR-potassium!) Mg-uptake is reduced • Control of nutrient-supply during play (tournament-situation) • Preparation for winter-hardness • Monitoring (regular sampling) • Control of nutrition-status and fertilization especially in autumn-time • Control of nutrient-supply during play (tournament-situation) • Problems with nutrient-uptake • pH-value in soil • Sub-function of rooting-system • Decision-guidance for use of liquid fertilization Tissue-analyse Scotts-Analyse-Konzept Blatt-Analyse Anlage Fläche Datum 0 GRN 18 11. August 2006 Wasser n. a. % Trockensubstanz 18,3 % Organ. Substanz n.a. % i. T. für Agrostis Minimum Maximum Gesamt-Stickstoff 5,5 % i. T. 3,2 4,5 Phosphor 0,8 % i. T. 0,3 0,5 Kalium 2,8 % i. T. 2,5 3,5 Magnesium 0,3 % i. T. 0,4 0,7 Calcium 0,50 % i. T. 1,00 1,50 • Worldwide aligned analysis- Natrium 0,02 % i. T. 0,01 0,16 Schwefel 0,84 % i. T. 0,26 0,40 Bor n.a. mg/kg T 11 20 Kupfer 18 mg/kg T 15 20 Eisen 575 mg/kg T 125 175 guidelines Mangan 115 mg/kg T 60 90 Molybdän n.a. mg/kg T 2 4 Zink 69 mg/kg T 80 120 Ges.-Stickstoff Minimum Phosphor Minimum Ist-Wert Ist-Wert Maximum Maximum 6,0 • Check for reference-values! 0,8 % i. Ts. 4,0 % i. Ts. 0,4 2,0 • Difference between grass-species 0,0 0,0 Minimum Kalium Magnesium Minimum • Take soil-samples into Ist-Wert Ist-Wert Maximum Maximum 4,0 0,8 % i. Ts. % i. Ts. consideration 0,4 2,0 0,0 0,0 Minimum Eisen Ist-Wert Maximum 700 Rückfragen bitte an: 600 Thomas Fischer 500 Am Stadtbad 24 ppm 400 29451 Dannenberg 300 Tel.: 05861/4790 200 Fax: 05861/6741 100 Mobil. Tel.: 0171/4616247 0 Important information from soil-sampling • Complete package • Harris et al. • P, K, Mg • Ca, S Averages • B, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn • pH, CEC, saturation • Organic matter Graphics �

Historical data-collection GRN12 Phosphat Kalium 35 120 • Overview over three years 30 100 25 20 80 Phosphat Kalium 15 60 10 Optimum 40 Optimum 5 0 20 04.04 07.04 10.04 01.05 04.05 07.05 10.05 01.06 04.06 0 04.04 04.05 04.06 Magnesium Calcium 1000 100 800 80 • Intensive mechanical work 600 60 Magnesium Calcium 40 400 Optimum 20 200 Optimum 0 0 04.04 04.05 04.06 04.04 08.04 12.04 04.05 08.05 12.05 04.06 Eisen Natrium (Max.) 35 14 30 12 10 25 8 • Change of sand-material 20 Eisen 15 6 Natrium Optimum 10 4 Optimum 5 2 0 0 04.04 04.05 04.06 04.04 04.05 04.06 pH-Wert KAK 8 5 7,5 4 • Reduced fertilizer-budget 7 3 pH KAK 6,5 2 Optimum Optimum 6 1 5,5 0 04.04 07.04 10.04 01.05 04.05 07.05 10.05 01.06 04.06 04.04 07.04 10.04 01.05 04.05 07.05 10.05 01.06 04.06 Interpretation • Product-independent • Deviation of optimums • Nutrient-ratios • Comparison with historical datas • Highlighting of solutions • On demand: comments on analytical methods Why testing irrigation water? • Water-requirement • ET (evapotranspiration-rate) 2.5 - 5.5 mm/day • Rainfall in Varna-region approx. 510 l e. Q. Sofia 627 l, Hamburg 832 l/m²/a • Demand more than 1.000 l/m²/year • 50 water-buckets for one m²!! • With bad water-quality you need long-range investment for: • Re-construction • Water-treatment • Optimization of nutrient-supply • E. q. Mn-supply is reduce with hard water • Documentation towards authorities �

The grass you have! Source: www.usga.org/turf/green_section_record/ 2006/nov_dec Important details of a water-test-report Scotts-Analyse-Konzept Wasser-Analyse Datum 16. August 2006 Ver 04-04-22 Anlage 0 Ergebnisse Bewertung mögl. Probleme zu Nutrients per l 1 Masseinheit Ergebnis ok Probleme erwarten pH-Wert 6,9 xxxxxxx Härte ppm 256,8 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx Wasser- Bicarbonat ppm 176,0 xxxxxxxxxxx Charakteristik Carbonat ppm 0,0 x irrig.-water Grad Dt. Härte 14,4 Härte-Klassifizierung sehr hart Einfluss auf das EC-Wert mmhos/cm 0,48 xxxxxx Pflanzenwachstum Lösliche Salze ppm 307 xxxxxx Natrium meq/l 0,60 xx Einfluss auf die Chlorid ppm 21,2 xx Wurzeln Bor ppm 0,30 xxxxxx Einfluss auf das keine Einschränkung Natrium ppm 14,00 Blatt Chlorid ppm 21,2 keine Einschränkung SAR adj meq/l 0,77 x SAR meq/l 0,38 optimal Einfluss auf die RSC meq/l -2,15 optimal Bodenstruktur EC-Wert mmhos/cm 0,48 xxxxxxxxxx Lösliche Salze ppm 307 xxxxxxxxxx Infiltration in den SAR und EC-Wert möglicherw. beeinträchtigt Boden Analyse der Nährstoffe pro 100 l H 2 O g/l Bereg./qm/ Beurtei-lung Kationen (in meq/l) Jahr in g/qm Stickstoff 0,000002 0,0 niedrig K + 0,10 Phosphat (P 2 O 5 ) 0,002688 0,3 sehr hoch + 0,60 Na ++ Kalium (K 2 O) 0,004767 0,5 niedrig Ca 4,55 Magnesium (MgO) 0,008276 0,8 niedrig Mg ++ 0,42 Calcium (Ca) 0,091043 9,1 sehr hoch Anionen (in meq/l) Graphs Schwefel (S) 0,019200 1,9 normal Cl - 0,61 Bor (B) 0,000300 0,0 normal SO 4 -- 1,22 - Eisen (Fe) 0,004502 0,5 normal HCO 3 2,82 Mangan (Mn) 0,000500 0,1 hoch CO 3 -- 0,00 Natrium (Na) 0,014007 1,4 normal Salz in g/l 0,31 30,7 normal Ges.-Kationen (in meq/l) 5,67 Ges.-Anionen (in meq/l) 4,65 Faktor 1,2 Einschränkungen f. d. Wassernutzung keine SAR 0,38 keine SAR adj 0,77 Rückfragen bitte an: keine RSC 0,56 Thomas Fischer keine EC-Wert 0,48 Am Stadtbad 24 Kalkfaktoren 29451 Dannenberg Kalkausfällung im Boden pH c 7,42 möglich (kalkulierter pH-Wert) Kalklösung wahrscheinlich Sättingungs-Index -0,52 Tel.: 05861/4790 Fax: 05861/6741 Nährstoffverhältnisse und mögl. Mangelerscheinungen Mobil-Tel.: 0171/4616247 Mg-Mangel möglich Ca : Mg (3 :1 - 8 :1) 11 :1 eMail: Fischer.Tho@t-online.de K-Mangel möglich Ca : K (10 :1 - 30 :1) 44 :1 Homepage: www.golf-infos.de optimal Mg : K (2 : 1 - 10 : 1) 4 :1 Side-note … • The pH-level from water has only limited influence on the pH-level from soil! • pH-level-average from 63 samples (pH from 6,6 - 8,8) • Relation from pH-level and Bi-carbonates • Sample 1: pH-level 7,8 Bi-carbonates 222 ppm • Sample 2: pH-level 7,9 Bi-carbonates 56 ppm • A detailed interpretation and discussion on-site is necessary! �