WP 4. Establishment of Borehole Observation System and High Resolution Seismic Studies in the Marmara Sea Oğuz Özel ( I.U ; KOERI ; GFZ ; CNRS ; TUBITAK ; GURALP )
WP 4. Establishment of Borehole Observation System and High Resolution Seismic Studies in the Marmara Sea Motivation: • Quite different contents of seismograms recorded by borehole and surface instruments because of the near-surface geology effects that mask the source related information, • Better monitoring of rupture nucleation process of earthquakes. Deploying a borehole system may yield invaluable data to closely inspect and monitor the last stages of the rupture • Opportunity to study source parameters and to determine input ground motion by using borehole recordings having high S/N ratio • Recent advances in seismic noise correlation techniques • Promising results on repeating earthquakes to be a powerful tool to investigate how tectonic plates move relative to one another • Close connection between slow slip and the nucleation of large earthquakes
WP 4. Establishment of Borehole Observation System and High Resolution Seismic Studies in the Marmara Sea The objectives; • To design and install a multi-parameter borehole system and surface array, as closest as to the main Marmara Fault (MMF) in the western Marmara Sea, and to monitor the seismic activity in the western part of MMF , • To monitor continuously the evolution of the state of stress of the fault zone surrounding the MMF, and to detect any anomaly or change which may occur before earthquakes by making use of high resolution data from the arrays already running in the eastern part of the Marmara Sea (PIRES and CINNET), and the data from the new borehole system and surface array in the western part of MMF. The data from KOERI, TUBITAK and ARNET will also be integrated to the data set to be used in the analysis.
WP 4. Establishment of Borehole Observation System and High Resolution Seismic Studies in the Marmara Sea PIRES CINNET ARNET The seismicity of the Marmara Region (1964- 2011, M≥2.5).
WP 4. Establishment of Borehole Observation System and High Resolution Seismic Studies in the Marmara Sea • TASK-1 Deployment of surface microearthquake array and borehole seismometers and integrating of borehole and surface array data for better location of microearthquakes O. Ozel – ( IU, GURALP Systems (SME), GFZ) • TASK-2. Analyzing response of near-surface geology to earthquake ground motion and its effects masking the source related information through borehole data S. Parolai – (GFZ, IU) • TASK-3. Monitoring the fault zone and source process in the near field M. Bouchon – (CNRS, KOERI, IU) • TASK-4. High Resolution Seismology in Marmara Sea with Arrays M. Aktar – (KOERI, GFZ, CNRS) • TASK-5. Monitoring structural characteristics on Çınarcık Fault (CINNET) H. Karabulut – (KOERI, CNRS)
WP 4. Establishment of Borehole Observation System and High Resolution Seismic Studies in the Marmara Sea TASK-1 Deployment of surface microearthquake array and borehole seismometers and integrating of borehole and surface array data for better location of microearthquakes Objectives: • To design and build multiparameter borehole system consisting of very wide dynamic range and stable borehole (VBB) broad band seismic sensor, and incorporate 3-D strain meter, tilt meter, and temperature and local hydrostatic pressure measuring devices, • Determination of 1-D S-wave velocity structure beneath the borehole system by array analysis, • To design and install surface array, and to combine the data from this array with borehole data, which will provide high SNR, lower threshold level and earthquake location improvement, • To precisely monitor the microseismic activity in the western part of the Marmara Sea.
WP 4. Establishment of Borehole Observation System and High Resolution Seismic Studies in the Marmara Sea SBT3 SBT4
WP 4. Establishment of Borehole Observation System and High Resolution Seismic Studies in the Marmara Sea
WP 4. Establishment of Borehole Observation System and High Resolution Seismic Studies in the Marmara Sea TASK-2. (Task Leader: Stefano Parolai) Analyzing response of near-surface geology to earthquake ground motion and its effects masking the source related information through borehole data Objectives: • Determination of surface and near-surface effects on seismic waves, • Estimation of the near-surface geology effects masking the source related information • To test, improve and develop different methods for correcting the borehole seismograms, (correction due to contamination of down-going waves and site effects; Parolai et al., 2009)
WP 4. Establishment of Borehole Observation System and High Resolution Seismic Studies in the Marmara Sea TASK-3. (Task Leader: Michel Bouchon) Monitoring the fault zone and source process in the near field Objectives: • Monitoring rupture nucleation and propagation using borehole and surface array data, • Closely inspection and monitoring of the last stages of the preparation stage of a major rupture, • To measure continuously the evolution of the state of stress of the fault zone surrounding the MMF, and to detect any anomaly or change , which may occur before earthquakes, • To identify the presence of repeating earthquakes along the MMF.
WP 4. Establishment of Borehole Observation System and High Resolution Seismic Studies in the Marmara Sea Record of the vertical ground motion 20 min before the earthquake. This recording is part of the second triggered window. The numbers indicate the foreshocks and refer to their chronological order from the start of the sequence. (Bouchon et al., 2011)
WP 4. Establishment of Borehole Observation System and High Resolution Seismic Studies in the Marmara Sea TASK-4. (Task Leader: Mustafa Aktar) High Resolution Seismology in Marmara Sea with Arrays Objectives: • To better understand the existing seismically active structures and their role in local tectonic settings, • To understand the stress transfer mechanism from east to west, • To study the structural properties of the fault zone,
WP 4. Establishment of Borehole Observation System and High Resolution Seismic Studies in the Marmara Sea The PIRES network: Monitoring microseismicity at the Princes Islands segment of the North Anatolian Fault Zone
WP 4. Establishment of Borehole Observation System and High Resolution Seismic Studies in the Marmara Sea Earthquake 3 July 2008 , 06:08.32 Earthquake 3 July 2008 , 06:08.32 Distance = 10 km back-azimuth estimation from 10 km : ~ 3 0 error
WP 4. Establishment of Borehole Observation System and High Resolution Seismic Studies in the Marmara Sea TASK-5. Monitoring structural characteristics on Çinarcik Fault (CINNET) Objectives: • To obtain continuous high resolution locations of micro-seismicity including development of relative location technique from cross-correlation methods (multiplet analysis) and study the space-time evolution of the activity, • To search for low frequency events (non-volcanic tremor) from continuous recording, • To analyze triggering mechanisms like Coulomb transfer, aseismic slip, or fluid migration and possible declustering methods.
WP 4. Establishment of Borehole Observation System and High Resolution Seismic Studies in the Marmara Sea Station Distribution CINNET Stations KOERI Stations AFAD Stations Networks : KOERI-NEIC, AFAD, Cinnet (Koeri-CNRS)
WP 4. Establishment of Borehole Observation System and High Resolution Seismic Studies in the Marmara Sea Seismicity 2000 – 2011 The thickness of the seimogenic zone is increasing to the west
WP 4. Establishment of Borehole Observation System and High Resolution Seismic Studies in the Marmara Sea RKY DATA ACQUISITION and SHARING CRLT KOERI MRMT Stations Data Integration and SBT3 Main Server Dissemination For WP-4 SBT4 WP-10 (Event Base) KVKM TUBITAK Sub-Server SART Stations WP- 2 SGTM Borehole System & YNKM WP- 3 Surface Array WP-4 Task- 2 Task-1 WP- 6 WP-4 WP-4 WP-4 Task- 3 Task- 5 Task- 4
WP 4. Establishment of Borehole Observation System and High Resolution Seismic Studies in the Marmara Sea D4.1 . Surface Microearthquake Array and TASK-1 Borehole System Implementation D4.2. Report on the Analysis of the Response of TASK-2 the Near Surface Geology on Earthquake Ground Motion Data Integration D4.4. Report on the High-Resolution Monitoring and and Analysis of the Seismicity and Velocity TASK-3 Dissemination Perturbations WP-10 D4.3. Report on the High-Resolution Monitoring in the Sea of Marmara using Land-Based Arrays TASK-4 D4.5. Report on Detection and Cross-Correlation of Quarry Blasts and Receiver Function D4.6. Report on Statistical Analysis and Modeling TASK-5 of Seismic Cluster Triggering Mechanisms
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