in n th the e Pr Progre ogressive ssive Er Era Exam amin - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

SSUSH13 H13 Th The e st student ent will ll identif entify y major jor ef effort rts s to re reform rm Amer erican ican so society ety and nd polit litics ics in n th the e Pr Progre

• gressive

ssive Er Era



Exam amin ine th this is Adver verti tiseme sement: nt:

1. 1.

What at is is yo your in init itia ial l reac action tion to to th this is ad adve vertisemen tisement? t?

2. 2.

Is s it it a p a posi siti tive ve or a a ne negat ative ive me mess ssage? age?

3. 3.

What at/Wh Who

• is

is th this is ad adve vertisemen tisement t ai aime med at at?

Pr Progre

• gressives

ssives

 The Social Gospel movement

worked to better conditions for the urban poor through

• rganizations such as the YMCA,

Salvation Army, and settlement houses

 Education also played a role in

the Progressive Movement with school becoming compulsory and used as a means of assimilating immigrants into American society

SS SSUS USH13 13 – Th The e stu tudent dent wil ill l id identify entify major

• r ef

effor

• rts

ts to to re refor

• rm

m Amer erica ican soc

• cie

iety ty & p pol

• litics

itics in in the e Prog

• gre

ressi ssive e Era.

• a. Explain Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle and federal oversight of the

meatpacking industry.

 Upton Sinclair: Muckraker who wrote “The Jungle” that exposed

horrible conditions in the meat packing industry

 Led to the Meat Inspection Act & Pure Food and Drug Act

• d. Explain Ida Tarbell’s role as a muckraker.

 Muckrakers: writers and journalists who exposed the evils of society  Ida Tarbell: exposed corruption in the Standard Oil Company

 1911: Standard Oil broken up by the courts

Up Upton ton Sinclair nclair

 In 1904 Upton Sinclair, a muckraker, published The Jungle  The book was based on Sinclair’s observations of Chicago meat slaughterhouses and

described the horrible conditions in the industry: It became a best seller and caught the attention of Congress and President Roosevelt.

 In response to the book Congress passed the Meat Inspection Act and the Pure Food

and Drug Act, as a way of overseeing and inspecting the meat and food industries.

“..sausage that had been rejected, and that was moldy and white-it would be dosed with borax and glycerin, and dumped into the hoppers, and made over again for home consumption.”

Ida da Ta Tarbe rbell ll

 A muckraker was a journalist who investigated political corruption

and social conditions

 Ida Tarbell focused on John Rockefeller’s Standard Oil Corporation

• b. Identify

entify Jane ne Ad Addam dams s and nd Hull ll Hou

• use

se and d descri ribe be the ro role le of

• f wom
• men

en in re refo form rm mov

• vemen

ements. ts.

 Settlement Houses: helped immigrants adjust to life in the

American cities.

 Kind of like a community center.  Jane Addams— founded the Hull House  Women’s right to VOTE (suffrage)  19th Amendment  U.S. Response to their help in supporting World War I

Jane ne Addams dams

 Jane Addams founded the Hull House in Chicago in 1889 to

provide immigrants with social and educational opportunities and

• training. It was one of the first “settlement houses” in the U.S.

 Women during the time period began to become involved in many

reform efforts including education, prison, prohibition and women’s rights and suffrage

c. . Des escribe cribe the he ri rise se of

• f Jim

m Cro row, w, Pl Ples essy sy v. v. Fe Ferg rguson, son, and nd the he em emer ergenc gence e of

• f the

he NAACP. P.



“Jim Crow” laws



legal segregation (separation) of the races



lasts until the 1960s

 Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)  Supreme Court case that established policy of “separate but

equal”, which meant segregation was legal.

 Separate facilities for blacks and whites are okay as long as there

are facilities for both.

 NAACP: National Association for the Advancement of Colored

People

 Founded in 1909 to fight for social, political, and economic

equality

Th The e Ri Rise se of

• f Jim

m Cro row w & Pl Ples essy sy v.

• v. Fe

Fergu rguson son

 By

y the e late e 1800s individu dual al states es beg egan to pass ss laws that limited ed the e individual dual righ ghts s of Afri rican can Ame merican cans

 Voting rights

s wer ere e curtail tailed ed by u y using poll taxes es and en enforci rcing ng grandfather father clauses uses

 Jim

m Crow

• w laws

ws we were e laws ws that hel elped d en enforce rce seg egrega regation, ion, first rst in t the e private vate sec ector,

• r, and then

en at the e state e lev evel el

Plessy v. Ferguson

 Plessy, an African American by state

classification, challenged a law requiring him to ride in a separate railroad car

 The case went to the Supreme Court

where they ruled against Plessy

 Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) legalized

segregation and discrimination in the U.S. under the separate but equal doctrine *Plessy was 7/8ths white, but was still classified as “colored” under Louisiana State law*

NAA AACP CP

 Founded in 1909 to promote

African American voting rights in order to end racial discrimination

 W.E.B. Du Bois was one of

the founding members of the

• rganization

 National Association for the Advancement of

Colored People

 To promote equality of rights and to eradicate

caste or race prejudice among the citizens of the United States

 Co-founded by W.E.B. Du Bois on February

12,1909

 Seven individuals founded the group  Three of the original seven were white

NAA AACP CP

Believed that African Americans should attend vocational school and work to improve their own communities at the local level. “Success is to be measured not so much by the position that one has reached in life as by the obstacles which he has overcome.” “One man cannot hold another man down in the ditch without remaining down in the ditch with him.” “Character, not circumstances, makes the man.”

Nota

• table

bles: s:

Boo

• oker

ker T. Was ashin ingto gton

16 16th

th Am

Amendment endment

Passed by Congress on July 2, 1909: The Congress shall have power to lay and collect taxes on incomes, from whatever source derived, without apportionment among the several states, and without regard to any census or enumeration.

• e. Descri

scribe be the sig igni nific ficance nce of pro rogre ressi ssive ve re reform rms s suc uch h as the initiati tive, e, re reca call, , and re referendum; rendum; dire rect t electi ction

• n of senato

ators; rs; re reform rm

• f labor

r laws; ; and effort rts s to imp mpro rove e living condi diti tions ns for t r the poor r in cities. es.

 Increasing Democracy  Recall – People can remove an official from office before

their term is over

 17th Amendment – Direct election of Senators (by the people)

 Sherman Anti-Trust Act - Made trusts & monopolies

illegal.

 Labor laws

 Child labor, working conditions, compensation laws

 Conditions for the Poor

 Jacob Riis – wrote “How the Other Half Lives” – photo-journalism about urban poverty

Ten enemen ement t Slum m Livi ving ng

Ch Child d La Labo bor

Oth ther er Pr Progre

• gressive

ssive Ref eforms

• rms

 A major focus of the Progressive Movement was political reform.

To give power to the voters: *in init itia iativ ive: allowed citizens to introduce legislation *recal all: allowed voters to remove elected officials through a special vote *refere rendu ndum: allowed proposed legislation to be approved by voters *dir irect t ele lectio ion n of senat ators rs: The 17th Amendment was passed in 1913 to give voters the power to elect senators directly in an attempt to prevent corruption

La Labor

• r La

Laws ws

 Progressives worked to end child labor  Factory and mine child workers made less than 60¢

for a 10-hour day

 Progressives also fought for safer working conditions

 President

sident Theodore

• dore Roosevelt

sevelt also began a Progressive cons nserva ervation tion mo move vemen ment, which conserved millions of acres of wilderness lands, particularly in western states.

 His efforts led to the

establishment of a national park system that included Yosemite in California & Yellowstone in Wyoming.

f. . Des escribe cribe the he con

• nservation

servation mo movement vement an and d the he de deve velopment lopment of

• f na

national

• nal pa

park rks s and nd for

• rests

ests; ; inc nclud lude e the he ro role e of

• f The

heod

• dore
• re Ro

Roos

• seve

evelt. lt.