IMPROVING EQUITY IN AUSTRALIAN RETIREMENT INCOME: CAN WE LEARN FROM - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

IMPROVING EQUITY IN AUSTRALIAN RETIREMENT INCOME: CAN WE LEARN FROM OTHER COUNTRIES’ EXPERIENCES WITH SOCIAL INSURANCE?

SIOBHAN AUSTEN SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS AND FINANCE CURTIN UNIVERSITY

FRAMING RETIREMENT INCOME AS AN INSURANCE ISSUE

FRAMING RETIREMENT INCOME AS AN INSURANCE ISSUE

FRAMING RETIREMENT INCOME AS AN INSURANCE ISSUE

FRAMING RETIREMENT INCOME AS AN INSURANCE ISSUE

FRAMING RETIREMENT INCOME AS AN INSURANCE ISSUE

Retirement Income Systems: an Institutional response to longevity risk

INSTITUTIONS OF LONGEVITY INSURANCE FROM AN INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVE

AUSTRALIA’S FIRST PILLAR FROM AN INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVE

Source: Korpi and Palme (1996)

AUSTRALIA’S SECOND PILLAR FROM AN INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVE

Type of earnings‐related pension scheme Australia None France Defined benefit /points Germany Points Canada Defined benefit Netherlands Defined benefit NZ None Finland Defined benefit Norway Notional accounts Sweden Notional accounts

Source: OECD (2013) Pensions at a Glance 2013, Table 3.6

AUSTRALIA’S THIRD PILLAR FROM AN INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVE

Source: OECD (2013) Pensions at a Glance 2013, Table 6.6

Tax incentive as % of contribution Australia 28.5 Germany 36.2 France 30.5 Canada 30.6 Netherlands 13.2 New Zealand 2.0 Finland 22.8 Norway 29.7 Sweden 13.2

AUSTRALIA’S RETIREMENT “INCOME” SYSTEM FROM AN INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVE

• A targeted AP
• Superannuation accounts are typically DC

rather than DB

• Generous tax concessions to private

retirement savings

• Increasing emphasis on pillars 2 & 3

“We need, in superannuation, to have a system that ensures that when people get to retirement age they wont be dependent on a welfare payment,

• n a pension.” (Morrison, 2015)

EQUITY ISSUES?

The shifting of risk onto individuals challenges

Rawlsian notions of justice

AUSTRALIA’S EQUITY PERFORMANCE FROM AN INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVE

Source: OECD (2013) Pensions at a Glance 2013, Table 5.5

Old age poverty rate (% with income > 50% below median income) Australia 35.5 France 5.4 Germany 10.5 Canada 7.2 Netherlands 1.4 New Zealand 12.5 Finland 9.7 Norway 5.5 Sweden 9.5

AUSTRALIA’S EQUITY PERFORMANCE FROM AN INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVE

Source: Brown and Prus (2013), Social Transfers and Income Inequality in Old-age: A Multinational Perspective,Table 1

Household Income Distribution by Quintiles and Gini Coefficients, for Selected Countries, Household Heads Aged 65+ Q1 Q5 Q1/Q5 Gini Australia 7 39.4 17.8% 0.32 Germany 10.3 34.6 29.8% 0.244 Canada 10.8 36.4 29.7% 0.256 Netherlands 6.9 37.5 18.4% 0.317 Norway 10.9 35.7 30.5% 0.253 Sweden 12.5 31.7 39.4% 0.194

AUSTRALIA’S TAXATION FROM AN INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVE

Source: Stewart, M(2015), Presentation to the Work and Family Roundtable, Sydney, Nov 6

IMPROVING EQUITY IN AUSTRALIAN RETIREMENT INCOME: WE CAN LEARN FROM OTHER COUNTRIES’ EXPERIENCES WITH SOCIAL INSURANCE

SIOBHAN AUSTEN SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS AND FINANCE CURTIN UNIVERSITY