IAEA Activities in the Area of Partitioning and Transmutation Alexander Stanculescu Nuclear Energy Department Nuclear Power Technology Development Section IAEA International Atomic Energy Agency
IAEA Activities � Implemented in collaboration by IAEA’s Nuclear Power Technology Development and Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Materials Sections � Framework given by the Technical Working Groups on Fast Reactors (TWG-FR) and on Nuclear Fuel Cycle Options (TWG-NFCO) IAEA 10th IEM on P&T, Mito, Japan, 6-10 October 2008 2
Technical Working Group on Fast Reactors (TWG-FR) � TWG-FR working tool to � Promote exchange of information on national and multi-national fast reactor and hybrid systems programs (e.g. ADS) � Stimulate and facilitate collaborative research and development (Coordinated Research Projects, CRPs) � Coordinate activities with other Agency projects (e.g. in Safety), and international organizations (EC, ISTC, and OECD/NEA) IAEA 10th IEM on P&T, Mito, Japan, 6-10 October 2008 3
Membership of the TWG-FR Belarus, Brazil, China, France, Germany, India, Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, Republic of Korea, Russia, Switzerland, United Kingdom, and United States of America, as well as the EU (EC), ISTC, and OECD/NEA Observers: Belgium, Sweden IAEA 10th IEM on P&T, Mito, Japan, 6-10 October 2008 4
Recent and Ongoing Activities � School on Physics, Technology and Applications of Accelerator Driven Systems (ADS) , in collaboration with ICTP, 19 – 30 Nov 2007, Trieste, Italy � Lecture notes on http://cdsagenda5.ictp.trieste.it/full_display.p hp?email=0&ida=a06213 IAEA 10th IEM on P&T, Mito, Japan, 6-10 October 2008 5
Recent and Ongoing Activities, cont’d � Advanced Workshop on Model Codes for Spallation Reactions , in collaboration with ICTP, 4 – 8 Feb 2008, Trieste, Italy � International Nuclear Data Committee Report, INDC(NDS)-0530 IAEA 10th IEM on P&T, Mito, Japan, 6-10 October 2008 6
Recent and Ongoing Activities, cont’d � Workshop on Nuclear Reaction Data for Advanced Reactor Technologies, in collaboration with ICTP, 19 – 30 May 2008, Trieste, Italy � Lecture notes on http://cdsagenda5.ictp.trieste.it/full_display.p hp?smr=0&ida=a07153 IAEA 10th IEM on P&T, Mito, Japan, 6-10 October 2008 7
Recent and Ongoing Activities, cont’d � Coordinated Research Project (CRP) on Studies of Innovative Reactor Technology Options for Effective Incineration of Radioactive Waste � 17 institutions in 13 Member States & EC (JRC) � Transient behaviour of advanced transmutation systems, both critical and sub- critical � Papers at PHYSOR 2006, ICENES 2007, and GLOBAL 2007 � Final CRP report to be published by end 2008 IAEA 10th IEM on P&T, Mito, Japan, 6-10 October 2008 8
Recent and Ongoing Activities, cont’d � Coordinated Research Project (CRP) on Analytical and Experimental Benchmark Analyses of Accelerator Driven Systems � Participation from 27 institutions in 18 IAEA Member States � Papers at AccApp2007, and PHYSOR2008 IAEA 10th IEM on P&T, Mito, Japan, 6-10 October 2008 9
Recent and Ongoing Activities, cont’d � Scope of the CRP • Computational and experimental benchmarking • ADS and non-spallation neutron source driven sub-critical systems • Work domains in the first stage � YALINA Booster � Kyoto University Critical Assembly (KUCA) � Pre-TRADE � FEAT and TARC � ADS kinetics analytical benchmarks � Actinides cross sections � Spallation targets � ADS performance IAEA 10th IEM on P&T, Mito, Japan, 6-10 October 2008 10
YALINA Booster • Ref. configuration EC1B EC2B • 3 He count rates 26.02.08 1141 EK10 DT-neutrons EC3B EC6T (detector in Cd cover) Pulse duration 5 mks EC9R 10000 EC10R Number of counts 1000 100 10 0 5 10 15 20 Time, ms IAEA 10th IEM on P&T, Mito, Japan, 6-10 October 2008 11
YALINA Booster Reference Configuration, Preliminary k eff Intercomparisons IAEA 10th IEM on P&T, Mito, Japan, 6-10 October 2008 12
YALINA Booster Reference Configuration, Preliminary β eff Intercomparisons IAEA 10th IEM on P&T, Mito, Japan, 6-10 October 2008 13
Spallation Targets, ITEP Benchmarks 148 Gd production from nat W(p,x) • Satisfactory agreement of exp. results with • previous measurements at 0.6 and 0.8 GeV • Theoretical predictions only qualitative IAEA 10th IEM on P&T, Mito, Japan, 6-10 October 2008 14
Spallation Targets, JINR Benchmarks • Axial distribution of long-lived residual isotopes production rates in Pb samples • Preliminary results show large discrepancies IAEA 10th IEM on P&T, Mito, Japan, 6-10 October 2008 15
Spallation Targets, JINR Benchmarks 3_Bertini_Dresner 3_CEM2k 207 Bi 3_INCL4_Abla 3_Isabel_Abla 4_INCL4_Dresner 3.0E-01 5_INCL_Abla • Discrepancies position dependent 5_CEM 2.5E-01 5_Bertini_Dresner Production [Bq/g] experiment • Larger farther away from the target 2.0E-01 1.5E-01 1.0E-01 5.0E-02 0.0E+00 IAEA 28.0 28.5 29.0 29.5 30.0 30.5 10th IEM on P&T, Mito, Japan, 6-10 October 2008 16 distance from the target front [cm]
Spallation Targets, JINR Benchmarks 3_Bertini_Dresner 194 Au( 194 Hg) 3_CEM2k 3_INCL4_Abla 3_Isabel_Abla 8.0E-02 5_INCL_Abla 5_CEM 5_Bertini_Dresner Production [Bq/g] 6.0E-02 experiment 4.0E-02 2.0E-02 0.0E+00 0 8 16 24 32 distance from the target front [cm] • Somewhat better agreement for heavier residues IAEA 10th IEM on P&T, Mito, Japan, 6-10 October 2008 17
Recent and Ongoing Activities, cont’d � Conclusions on current status of the CRP on Analytical and Experimental Benchmark Analyses for Accelerator Driven Systems • Progress not uniform for all benchmarks • In some cases, intermediate results reveal high discrepancies, requiring further in-depth analyses IAEA 10th IEM on P&T, Mito, Japan, 6-10 October 2008 18
Planned Activities � School on Physics, Technology and Applications of Innovative Fast Neutron Systems � Organized by IAEA’s Department of Nuclear Energy, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, in collaboration with ICTP, 9 – 20 November 2009, Trieste, Italy � Syllabus • Physics and Design Studies • General Concept Studies • Sub-system Studies • Nuclear Data • Fuel Development • Fuel Recycling • Fuel Cycle Studies • Impact of Transmutation Scenarios on High-level Waste Repositories • … IAEA 10th IEM on P&T, Mito, Japan, 6-10 October 2008 19
Planned Activities, cont’d � Large IAEA International Conferences � International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Research Applications and Utilization of Accelerators , Vienna, 4 – 8 May 2009 • Organized by IAEA’s Department of Nuclear Energy, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, in collaboration with ANS • Announcement and online registration http://www- pub.iaea.org/MTCD/Meetings/Announcements.asp ?ConfID=173 IAEA 10th IEM on P&T, Mito, Japan, 6-10 October 2008 20
Planned Activities, cont’d � Fast Reactors and Associated Fuel Cycle – Challenges and Opportunities , 7 – 11 Dec 2009, Kyoto, Japan • Organized by IAEA’s Department of Nuclear Energy • First meeting of the International Advisory Committee 3 – 4 Nov 2008 • Announcement before the end of 2008 IAEA 10th IEM on P&T, Mito, Japan, 6-10 October 2008 21
Publications Under Preparation � Accelerator Driven Systems: Energy Generation and Transmutation of Nuclear Waste; Status Report � Status Report on Lead and Lead-Bismuth Cooled Fast Reactors IAEA 10th IEM on P&T, Mito, Japan, 6-10 October 2008 22
Databases � ADS Research and Development Database � ADS related R&D programs: experimental facilities (existing and planned) and programs, methods and data development, design studies, … � Web based, operational http://www-adsdb.iaea.org/index.cfm IAEA 10th IEM on P&T, Mito, Japan, 6-10 October 2008 23
Looking Ahead � Renewed interest in nuclear energy � Sustainability ⇒ spent fuel utilization & breeding returning to centre stage ⇒ fast reactor necessary linchpin � Fast reactor deployment likely to be accelerated � Necessary condition for successful deployment ⇒ understanding & assessment of technological and design options (based on past knowledge and experience, as well as on research and technology development efforts) � IAEA assists Member State fast reactor deployment activities by providing an umbrella for knowledge preservation, information exchange and collaborative R&D to pool resources and expertise ⇒ new project on TECHNOLOGY SUPPORT FOR FAST REACTOR MID TERM DEPLOYMENT IAEA 10th IEM on P&T, Mito, Japan, 6-10 October 2008 24
Looking Ahead, cont’d � Achieving the full potential of fast neutron system and closed fuel cycle technologies with regard to both efficient utilization of the fissile resources and waste management requires continued advances in research and technology development to ensure improved economics and maintain high safety levels with increased simplification of fast reactors � Areas of collaboration identified by Member States through participation in the IAEA Nuclear Energy Department’s Technical Working Group on Fast Reactors (TWG-FR) � New project on INNOVATIVE FAST NEUTRON SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY OPTIONS IAEA 10th IEM on P&T, Mito, Japan, 6-10 October 2008 25
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