Human Settlements Development Summit Commission 3: Towards an Implementation Framework: South Africa’s Urban Policy and the New Urban Agenda Presenter: Dr Crispian Olver, DCOG 21 September 2017, Birchwood Conference Centre
IMPLEMENTATION OF URBAN POLICY: INTERNATIONAL / NATIONAL 2
The New Urban Agenda is a framework that lays out how cities should be planned and managed to best promote sustainable urbanization. “ We have analyzed and discussed the challenges that our cities are facing and have [agreed] on a common roadmap for the 20 years to come,” Joan Clos, Secretary-General of the conference and Executive Director of the UN Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat). 3
The NUA: EXTRACT: COMMON AFRICAN POSITION African Ministers of Housing and Urban Development, convened in Abuja, Nigeria, on 25 th February, 2016, as a sub-committee on Urban Development and Human Settlements of the African Union Specialized Technical Committee on Public Service, Local Government, Urban Development and Decentralization; supported adoption of the NUA and developed their ‘Common Position … CONSIDER the Habitat III conference as a unique opportunity for the world to agree on a New Urban and Human Settlements Agenda building on the outcomes of Habitat II and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development in addressing the unfinished business of the MDGs in particular, the goal of adequate shelter for all and that Africa must seize the occasion to fully engage the global community in shaping the New Urban Agenda in line with these international agreements including African Union Agenda 2063. 4
The Quito Declaration Our shared vision Inclusion Right to the city Our principles and commitments Leave no one behind Inclusive economies Sustainable & resilient Call for Action: transformative commitments Social inclusion & ending Urban prosperity & Environmental sustainability poverty opportunities Effective implementation Planning & managing spatial Urban governance Means of implementation development 5
NUA: GLOBALLY AGREED DRIVERS OF CHANGE FOR URBAN DEVELOPMENT National Urban urban policies legislation Urban and Effective territorial financing planning frameworks 6
DRIVER 1. URBAN POLICIES • The NDP: e.g. Chapter 8: Transforming Human Settlements and the National space Economy; 4: Economic Infrastructure; 5: Environmental sustainability; 6: Integrated and sustainable rural economy, etc. • The IUDF: 9 Policy Levers • Sector Policies: Transport, Consolidation and Human Settlements, Collaboration for Environment, Energy, implementation Economy, Land….. 7
Development Retool the of plans that Explicit spatial instruments of cross restructuring land-use municipal, and Spatial strategy management even provincial contracts to achieve boundaries spatial 1. Deal with social exclusion, environmental threats, economic objectives inefficiencies, logistical bottlenecks, urban insecurity, decaying infrastructure and the impacts of new technologies. 2. The main challenge in planning for urban areas is to enable job Empower creation linked to sustainable livelihoods and to establish well- municipalities Eliminate performing human settlements. This should be at the heart of to make critical inefficiencies in what municipalities do and how they function. interventions administrative to redress past 3. procedures segregation ‘ Clarify and relentlessly pursue a national vision for spatial development’.
IUDF VISION FOR SOUTH AFRICAN CITIES, TOWNS AND VILLAGES ‘Liveable, safe, integrated, economically inclusive and globally competitive, where residents actively participate in urban life’. 9
CORE ELEMENTS OF THE IUDF LEVERS STRATEGIC GOALS VISION Integrated urban planning and Rural-Urban management Inclusion and Liveable, safe, Linkages Access resource- Integrated transport and mobility efficient cities and towns that Integrated and sustainable Inclusive Growth human settlements are socially integrated, Integrated urban infrastructure economically Urban Safety Effective inclusive and Efficient land governance Governance globally and management competitive, where residents Inclusive economic development Spatial actively Integration participate in Empowered Active Communities Resilience urban life Urban Effective urban governance Sustainable Finances 10
IUDF-Cross Cutting Issues Disaster Risk Rural-Urban Reduction and Urban Safety Continuum Climate Change 11
Driver 2: Urban legislation Constitutional framework • Three distinct and interdependent spheres • Two tier local government system Local government enabling legislation • Independent developmental demarcation process • Devolution of public administration and fiscal powers Planning system • Nesting of integrated development plans • Spatial plans i.t.o. SPLUMA 12
WORK TOGETHER ON CONTRACTS / DEALS / IMPLEMENTATION PROTOCOLS: - vis a vis: 1. Sector Spatial Master Plans 2. IDPs 3. BEPPs 4. PGDS 5. SIPS 6. Etc…. IUDF Stick to One Plan: NUA: Territorial Planning Guidelines 13
DRIVER 3. URBAN AND TERRITORIAL PLANNING WORK TOGETHER ON SPATIAL CONTRACTS / IMPLEMENTATION PROTOCOLS: - vis a vis: 1. Sector Spatial Master Plans 2. IDPs 3. BEPPs 4. PGDS 5. SIPS 6. Etc…. IUDF Stick to One Plan: NUA: Territorial Planning Guidelines
BEPP in the Municipal Planning System 2018/19 Co-incidence of requirements of BEPP Guidelines and SDF Guidelines in respect of Capital Expenditure (Investment) Framework 15
DRIVER 4. EFFECTIVE FINANCING FRAMEWORKS IUDF: Policy Lever 9: Cities and Towns that are supported by a fiscal framework that acknowledges the development potential and pressures of urban spaces…. NUA: Integrated financing frameworks; Affordable housing finance; Finance for informal settlements, Transport finance; Infrastructure 16
LG income by source (R millions, 2016 prices) R 400 000 R 350 000 R 300 000 R 250 000 R 200 000 R 150 000 R 100 000 R 50 000 R 0 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 Taxes Grants Other
Context to determine grant system Growing problems with the grant framework for cities • Grant dependence • Coordination (overlap and gaps) • Ongoing tensions over grant design • Expenditure performance • Weak grant administration (allocation, transfer, monitoring)
Fiscal reform and incentives Spatial transformation for inclusive growth requires far greater leverage of private finance, aligned to metro balance sheets Grants cannot solve this issue as they must focus on: • Guaranteeing systemic stability and sustainability • Inclusion (redistribution) • Enabling performance Growth of metro infrastructuregrants Metros Sources of Capital Finance 35 000 000 20 000 000 Growth 2011-2014 in USDG, 2010 & 2011 sharp growth in INEP (eskom),ICDG (14/15) 18 000 000 PTNG (PTISG) & elsewhere 30 000 000 16 000 000 2011 USDG (for metros) other 25 000 000 14 000 000 PTNG breaks off from MIG R'000 12 000 000 20 000 000 Internally 10 000 000 generated 2010 FIFA funds 8 000 000 15 000 000 Borrowing USDG 6 000 000 10 000 000 Transfers 4 000 000 MIG recognised - 2 000 000 5 000 000 capital - - 2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16
IUDF Implementation framework Urban change is Cities and towns driven by a wide Society are at cutting edge spectrum of of dealing with stakeholders and urbanisation, and Cities & investors who NUA/IUDF must should be mobilised towns focus on their and engaged ability to lead Govern process ment Core team needs to be able to lead a IUDF is an all-of- complex inter- government initiative, COGTA governmental and its DHS process, balancing implementation local delivery and needs unique forms NT etc. support with national of inter-governmental alignment cooperation
New Urban Agenda & IUDF- implementation partnerships Leadership Governance and Stakeholder outreach development administrative reform and mobilisation Financial management Integrated Technical support in and resource development and key IUDF performance mobilisation spatial planning areas Urban data and Academic and applied Monitoring and knowledge research evaluation management
Urban Outcome Monitoring and Evaluation helps to plan, manage and evaluate for results 1. National Treasury leading process towards Reporting Reforms – rationalize outcome indicators for the built environment: priority: rationalise indicators of category A municipalities. 2. Liaison DPME, Stats SA, Salga, SACN : towards data collation, and performance measurement indicators: IUDF; Stats SA approved UN SDG Indicators. 3. There are no NUA Indicators from the UN: Guiding Implementation Framework expected by 2019: 4. IUDF, NUA, SDG Goal 11 outcome indicators to be developed, consolidated. 5. WCCD and ISO work is also being undertaken and needs to be scaled up to ensure comparability across national and international contexts. 22
Thank you! 23
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