How to optimize drilling strategies and reservoir management: - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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How to optimize drilling strategies and reservoir management: - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

May 18, 2023 257 likes •480 views

How to optimize drilling strategies and reservoir management: lessons learned from the Soultz EGS project? Leiden, The Netherlands 7-9 November 2007 Risk Analysis for Development of Geothermal Energy Cuenot N., Genter A., Naville Ch. ENGINE

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SLIDE 1

07-09 November 2007, Leiden

How to optimize drilling strategies and reservoir management: lessons learned from the Soultz EGS project?

Leiden, The Netherlands 7-9 November 2007 Risk Analysis for Development

  • f Geothermal Energy

Cuenot N., Genter A., Naville Ch.

ENGINE WORKSHOP 7

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SLIDE 2

07-09 November 2007, Leiden > 2

Exploration: Challenges

> How Exploration can contribute to a better Exploitation of

the geothermal reservoir

> Unconventional Geothermal Reservoirs

  • No trace on surface (fumaroles, hot soil, thermal springs, altered zone)

> EGS

  • Enhanced Geothermal Systems
  • Engineered Geothermal Systems

3D organisation of the faults and the flow channels

Soultz

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SLIDE 3

07-09 November 2007, Leiden > 3

Best practices for exploration EGS fractured reservoirs

> Based on Soultz experience:

high quality datasets but partial vision (borehole wall)

> Fractured zones controlled

the flow

> Low natural permeability

associated with fracture zone (brines, 100g/L)

> Hydrothermal alteration

related to (paleo)fluid circulations are related to natural permeability

  • 20
  • 10
10 20 30 40

flow l/s Injection test production test

EPS1 Core 2555 m Conceptual model Image logs GPK1 Soultz horst

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SLIDE 4

07-09 November 2007, Leiden > 4

Best practices in oil industry from exploration to exploitation

From Oil field review, 2005/2006 2D/3D seismics well data multiwell - oil field Reservoir exploitation

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SLIDE 5

07-09 November 2007, Leiden

Local field mapping

  • Fractures/faults geometry
  • Geological interfaces
  • Volcanoes
  • Rock dating
  • Thermal spring location
  • Fumaroles

Local outcrop analysis

  • Fractures/faults
  • Rock petrography
  • Mineralogy
  • Hydrothermal alteration

Well analysis

  • Cuttings/cores
  • Fractures/faults vs depth
  • Rock Petrography
  • Hydrothermal alteration
  • Petrophysics (porosity)
  • Geophysical logging
  • Borehole image logs
  • Vertical Seismic Profile

2D/3D geophysics

  • Seismic
  • Gravi-mag methods
  • EM, MT Methods
  • Other methods

3D conceptual model

Best practices for EGS reconnaissance at concessionnal scale

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SLIDE 6

07-09 November 2007, Leiden > 6

Geology and EGS: Coupled C - THM processes

CHEMICAL THERMAL HYDRAULIC MECHANICAL

Mineralogical rock-matrix composition Hydrothermal Alteration Fracture filling Chemical stimulation Scaling, Tracing W-R interaction Lithology (U, Th, K) Rock-matrix composition Thermal properties

Thermal stimulation

Matrix K, Φ Fracture K, Φ Fracture network

Hydraulic stimulation

Lithology, Alteration (drilling) Fracture Properties In situ Stress

Drilling Hydraulic stimulation

Rock composition, Fracture, Stress

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SLIDE 7

07-09 November 2007, Leiden > 7

EGS drilling reconnaissance

Lithology Fractures Stress Field

1600 1800 2000 2200 2400 2600 2800 3000 3200 3400 3600 3800 4000 4200 4400 4600 4800 5000

Depth (m)

100 150 200 250 300

Standart GR

0.02 0.04 0.06

Potassium

20 40

Thorium

10

Uranium Smoothed HAC

Core Fracture filling Cuttings Fracture Filling Geophysical logs

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SLIDE 8

07-09 November 2007, Leiden > 8

Fault network at Soultz derived from 2D seismics

Sediments Granite

3D model from Renard & Courrioux, 1994; Valley, 2007

Large-scale faults versus local-scale faults Relationship between basement faults and sediments faults Need for imaging deep fractured crystalline rocks

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SLIDE 9

07-09 November 2007, Leiden > 9

Fault network at well scale

14 km length of borehole image logs >> 800 m length of cores in the upper reservoir 1,2 m of core in the lower reservoir

Amplitude Transit time

FMS, FMI, ARI BHTV, UBI Cores Cuttings Geophysical logs

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SLIDE 10

07-09 November 2007, Leiden > 10

Fracture zones along the well bore

From Valley, 2007

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SLIDE 11

07-09 November 2007, Leiden > 11

How to get the 3D fracture network from well only

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07-09 November 2007, Leiden > 12

Fracture network: from 1D to 3D

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07-09 November 2007, Leiden > 13

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SLIDE 14

07-09 November 2007, Leiden > 14

3D modelling procedure

GPK2 GPK3

Sausse et al., 2007 BRGM, 2006

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SLIDE 15

07-09 November 2007, Leiden > 15

AE reflection method

Basic concept Using AE/MS waveform as a wavesource 3D imaging like a reflection survey Advantages High energy, robustness, Resistant to surface condition, Simple & easy, low costs

  • Available for inside basement rock
  • r highly attenuated media

in geothermal fields

  • Detection of sub-vertical structures
  • Sensitivity to fractured zone (S-wave)

from Soma

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SLIDE 16

07-09 November 2007, Leiden > 16

GPK3-GPK4: AE and structures (from Soma et al., 2004)

High-f Low-f

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SLIDE 17

07-09 November 2007, Leiden > 17

GPK1

Depth

Horizontal distance (m)

Permeable fracture (dip 60° ) Observed in the well

Vertical Seismic Profile (VSP): better characterisation of fracture zone network?

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SLIDE 18

07-09 November 2007, Leiden > 18

Characterization of permeable fracture zone in drillhole

3482 3483 3484 3485 3486 3487 3488 3489 3490 3491 3492 3493 3494 3495 3496 3497 3498

F-ma F-ma F-ma F-ma

3482 3483 3484 3485 3486 3487 3488 3489 3490 3491 3492 3493 3494 3495 3496 3497 3498 Depth (m) UBI Amplitude UBI Transit Time Facies

100 200

Gamma Ray GAPI

1.70 2.20 2.70

Bulk density g/cm3

0.04 0.08

Potassium %

1 3

Uranium ppm

10 25 40

Thorium ppm

45 60 75

DT Comp µs/feet

75 100 125

DT Shear µs/feet

6.25 9.25 12.25

Caliper inch

200 300Cross Section Area cm2 45 90

Dip

  • 0.5

0.5

Production log 8l/s

2

Injection log 18 l/s Permeable fracture Depth (m)

Flow Flow Quartz veins Soultz, GPK1 3500 m, Natural brine outflow

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SLIDE 19

07-09 November 2007, Leiden > 19

VSP Survey: April 2007

Cra nes EEIG winch: GPK4 MeSy winch: GPK3 7 conductors cables Recording unit

Vibrator Truck

EEIG : 2 cranes + 1 Cable/ winch unit M ESY: 1 Cable/ winch unit LANTECH: recorder + 2 vibrators

BAK E R-H UG UE S downhole tool control boxes 3 surface m

  • nitor geophones

radio link radio link

L A N D T E C H V i b r a t

  • r

1

IPP : Technical coordination EEIG : global organisation

L A N D T E C H V i b r a t

  • r

2

BAK E R ASR 4C

  • VSP tools

3 geophone + 1 hydrophone, Tm ax: 200°C 7-conductor cable connection

EEIG : 2 cranes + 1 Cable/ winch unit M ESY: 1 Cable/ winch unit LANTECH: recorder + 2 vibrators

BAK E R-H UG UE S downhole tool control boxes 3 surface m

  • nitor geophones

radio link radio link

L A N D T E C H V i b r a t

  • r

1

IPP : Technical coordination EEIG : global organisation

L A N D T E C H V i b r a t

  • r

2

BAK E R ASR 4C

  • VSP tools

3 geophone + 1 hydrophone, Tm ax: 200°C 7-conductor cable connection

IFP, EEIG, EOST, MeSy, Baker Hughes, Landtech, VSFusion

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SLIDE 20

07-09 November 2007, Leiden > 20

VSP preliminary results in GPK4

Image log at 3900 m PP reflected arrival Refracted arrival Direct arrival 3900 m depth: complex damaged zone 4380 m depth: permeable fracture zone

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SLIDE 21

07-09 November 2007, Leiden > 21

Conclusion

> Exploration: hierarchy between faults > Regional scale

  • compilation at regional scale (seismics, old wells)
  • Integration by producing conceptual model

> Local scale

  • 3D/2D seismics (25 km²)
  • Drill an exploration well
  • Geophysical logging, borehole image, core, cuttings,…

> VSP survey

  • Top basement fault map
  • Locate major faults in the basement

> Target new wells

  • Optimize well trajectories (inclined/deviated wells)
  • Secure well design and thus future exploitation