Health Cards for Consumer Health Search Jimmy 1,2 , Guido Zuccon 1 , - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Health Cards for Consumer Health Search Jimmy 1,2 , Guido Zuccon 1 , - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Health Cards for Consumer Health Search Jimmy 1,2 , Guido Zuccon 1 , Bevan Koopman 3 , & Gianluca Demartini 1 1 University of Queensland (UQ), Australia 2 University of Surabaya (UBAYA), Indonesia 3 AEHRC / CSIRO , Australia Presented at: 42


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SLIDE 1

Health Cards for Consumer Health Search

Jimmy1,2, Guido Zuccon1, Bevan Koopman3, & Gianluca Demartini1

1University of Queensland (UQ), Australia 2University of Surabaya (UBAYA), Indonesia 3AEHRC / CSIRO , Australia

Presented at: 42nd International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval (SIGIR ’19) July 21–25, 2019 Paris, France

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SLIDE 2

Consumer Health Search (CHS)

  • CHS: people searching for health advice online. 59% of U.S. adults has

searched online for health information (Fox & Duggan, 2013).

  • Search results strongly bias people’s health decisions (Pogacar, 2017).
  • People struggle to understand health search results (Alpay, 2009).
  • 59% of self-diagnosers decided NOT to confirm their condition with a health

professional (Fox & Duggan, 2013).

2

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SLIDE 3

Assisting Users in Understanding Health Search Results

  • Health cards have been used by commercial search

engines to present coherent, easy to understand and trustworthy health information.

  • The appearance of a health card is triggered by

queries that contains a health condition name or its aliases.

  • Our study investigated the benefits of health cards

for broader search tasks than only to know more about a health condition.

3

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SLIDE 4

RQ1: Are Health Cards Beneficial for CHS?

  • 1. Selected as a source of information
  • 2. Increase the number of correct answers
  • 3. Reduce the time needed
  • 4. Reduce the effort required
  • 5. Reduce the perceived workload
  • 6. Improve the user’s satisfaction

4

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SLIDE 5

RQ2: How Does the Benefit Vary Across Search Intents?

We considered two types of search scenario:

  • Factual scenarios consider search tasks related to a known health

condition.

E.g., Scenario: Your physiotherapist has mentioned you may have pelvic inflammatory disease and suggested you to go to a doctor. Task: Find out more information about how this disease can be treated.

  • Intellectual scenarios consider search tasks based on symptoms.

E.g., Scenario: It’s few days now that you have been getting hiccups after eating. You felt you eat enough every time, in fact, you felt full. At the same time, you feel something in the back of your throat: like if you had a bump

  • r lump.

Task: Find out what you may have and when its time to make an appointment with a doctor.

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SLIDE 6

Methods: User Study

  • 48 Participants x 8 health search tasks= 384 Data Points.
  • Participants worked on tasks using 2 types of user interface:
  • 1. with a health card
  • 2. Without health card

6

Start Demographic questionnaire Perception questionnaire Search scenario User experience questionnaire Finish all tasks? Finish Yes Informed Consent and instructions Exit questionnaire No

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SLIDE 7

User Interface with a Health Card

7

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SLIDE 8

Impact of Health Cards

  • n Search Behaviour

8

On average, participants spent 55 % of their time to observe the health cards

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SLIDE 9

Impact of Health Cards

  • n Search Behaviour (2)

9

Participants tend to consider health cards earlier in a session

Attention on Health Cards Attention on Snippets

start end 25 50 75 100

Progress in the session Percentage of participants

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SLIDE 10

RQ1: The Benefits of Health Cards (1) Selected as a source of information

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There was no significant difference between the number of tasks completed with and without selecting information from health cards.

51% 49%

Cards Not Selected Cards Selected 10 20 30 40 50

Six Measurements:

  • 1. Selected
  • 2. Correctness
  • 3. Time
  • 4. Effort
  • 5. Workload
  • 6. Satisfaction
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SLIDE 11

Why Participants Did Not Select Information from Health Cards?

  • 28% (13) of participants never selected information from the health

cards!

  • 94% of participants had searched online for health information but 41%
  • f them never noticed health cards prior to this study.

11

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SLIDE 12

RQ1: The Benefits of Health Cards (2) Increase the number of correct answers

12

The number of correct answers are comparable across conditions.

2.38 2.26 2.54

No Cards Cards Not Selected Cards Selected 1 2

Correctness

Six Measurements:

  • 1. Selected
  • 2. Correctness
  • 3. Time
  • 4. Effort
  • 5. Workload
  • 6. Satisfaction
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SLIDE 13

RQ1: The Benefits of Health Cards (3) Reduce the time needed

13

The average times needed to complete a task are comparable across conditions.

240sec 242sec 231sec

No Cards Cards Not Selected Cards Selected 50 100 150 200 250

Duration

Six Measurements:

  • 1. Selected
  • 2. Correctness
  • 3. Time
  • 4. Effort
  • 5. Workload
  • 6. Satisfaction
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SLIDE 14

RQ1: The Benefits of Health Cards (4) Reduce the Spent Effort

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The number of clicks is significantly less when information from health cards was selected.

3.61 3.39 2.91

No Cards Cards Not Selected Cards Selected 1 2 3

UserClicks

* *

Six Measurements:

  • 1. Selected
  • 2. Correctness
  • 3. Time
  • 4. Effort
  • 5. Workload
  • 6. Satisfaction
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SLIDE 15

RQ1: The Benefits of Health Cards (5) Reduce the perceived workload

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There were no significance differences in the level of perceived workload across conditions

Six Measurements:

  • 1. Selected
  • 2. Correctness
  • 3. Time
  • 4. Effort
  • 5. Workload
  • 6. Satisfaction

3.59 3.69 3.86

(harder) (easier)

No Cards Cards Not Selected Cards Selected 1 2 3 4

Workload

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SLIDE 16

RQ1: The Benefits of Health Cards (6) Improve the user’s satisfaction

16

Participants felt significantly more satisfied with their own answers when selecting information from health cards to complete a search task.

* *

3.45 3.59 3.8

No Cards Cards Not Selected Cards Selected 1 2 3

Satisfaction

Six Measurements:

  • 1. Selected
  • 2. Correctness
  • 3. Time
  • 4. Effort
  • 5. Workload
  • 6. Satisfaction
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SLIDE 17

Health Cards Bridged the Gap of Prior Knowledge

  • Participants prior knowledge

positively correlates with correctness in their answers. This is inline with findings by Hu & Haake (2010).

  • Selecting health cards helps

bridging the gap between knowledgable and less knowledgable participants.

17

2.8 2.56 2.48 2.22 3 2.76 2.24 2.08 3 2.82 2.61 2.42

p=0.0453* p=0.0346* p=0.122

1 2 3 No Cards Cards Not Selected Cards Selected

Correctness

Prior Knowledge

none little some great deal

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SLIDE 18

RQ2: Benefits Across Search Intents?

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Factual:

  • 1. Selected
  • 2. Correctness
  • 3. Time
  • 4. Effort
  • 5. Workload
  • 6. Satisfaction

Intellectual:

  • 1. Selected
  • 2. Correctness
  • 3. Time
  • 4. Effort
  • 5. Workload
  • 6. Satisfaction

Benefits of health cards were found to be significant for Factual Tasks. Health cards provide no significant benefits for Intellectual tasks

100 53.12 46.88 100 44.79 55.21

Factual Intellectual

No Yes No Yes 25 50 75 100

Health Cards Displayed % of scenarios Cards selected

No Yes

A

p = 0.055 p = 0.015 Factual Intellectual

200 220 240 260 Search results only Health cards

Duration (Seconds)

B

p = 0.163 p = 0.035 more effort less effort Factual Intellectual

3.0 3.5 4.0 Search results only Health cards

Number of links followed

C

p = 0.825 p = 0.014 Factual Intellectual

2.3 2.5 2.7 Search results only Health cards

Correctness (0−3)

D

p = 0.363 p = 0.028 (harder) (easier) Factual Intellectual

3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.0 Search results only Health cards

Workload (1−5)

E

p = 0.422 p = 0.007 (less) (more) Factual Intellectual

3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.0 Search results only Health cards

Satisfaction (1−5)

F

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SLIDE 19

Health Cards Alone Are Generally Insufficient

19

44 36 15 48 33 10

10 20 30 40 50 Factual Intellectual

Frequency

Source of Information

Health Cards Health Cards & WebPage WebPage

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SLIDE 20

Conclusions (1)

  • Overall, presenting health cards reduced the effort spent and improved

the user’s satisfaction.

  • Health cards helped the less knowledgeable to perform as effective as

the knowledgeable (in terms of correctness).

  • Health cards were significantly beneficial for well-defined health

search tasks (Factual).

  • In contrast, health cards provided no significant benefits for

“exploratory” health search tasks (Intellectual).

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SLIDE 21

Conclusions (2)

  • 28% of participants never used any of the presented health cards.
  • While 94% of participants had searched for health information online, yet

41% of participants never experienced health cards prior to this study.

  • Lack of user engagement with health cards may leave the benefits of

health cards unreaped.

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SLIDE 22

Questions?

For further details:

http://ielab.io/publications/jimmy-2019-healthcard

  • Jimmy is sponsored by the Indonesia Endowment Fund for Education (Lembaga Pengelola

Dana Pendidikan / LPDP)(20151022014644).

  • Guido Zuccon is the recipient of an Australian Research Council DECRA Research Fellowship

(DE180101579).

  • This work is supported in part by a Google Faculty Award.
  • Thank you to SIGIR for the travel scholarship.

Acknowledgement