ALTERNATIVE METHODS TOWARDS THE IMPROVEMENT OF GRAVEL ROADS Road Material Stabilisers (Pty) Ltd
COMPANY PROFILE Road Material Stabilizers (Pty) Ltd Products Services Technical support Road surfacing Soil stabilizers and binders Dust suppression Gravel / Dirt Trafficked Un-trafficked Surfaced roads surfaces surfaces roads LBS Asphalt ISS 2500 ISS 2500 SASBIND DUSTEX SASBIND SASBIND DUSTEX DUSTLOCK DUSTEX WDC P100 HRDC
GRAVEL ROADS
SURFACED ROADS
ROAD SURFACING
GRAVEL ROADS
INTRODUCTION Gravel Roads Key requirements of additives:- Reduce defects; gravel loss; corrugations; potholes; mud etc. Wet season - improved resistance to water erosion Dry season – reduction in dust levels Reduction in the required maintenance Gravel preservation Improved riding quality
INTRODUCTION Product Categories Soils stabilisers Binders (also function as dust palliatives) Cohesive materials Non-cohesive materials Good grading Poorly graded
PRODUCT CATEGORIES PRODUCT CATEGORIES Soil Stabilisers: Wetting Agents Enzyme Products Electrochemical / Sulphonated Petroleum Calcium Chloride Binders: UF Resins Synthetic Emulsified Polymers Lignosulphonates Petrolium Resins Bitumen Emulsions
PRODUCT CATEGORIES PRODUCT SELECTION MATRIX Long term applications* (maintenance progs) Short term applications (deviations) Medium PI materials (PI 3 - 10) PARAMETER/ High PI materials (PI >10) Sandy materials (PI < 3) PRODUCT Spray-on application Grader maintenance Mix-in application Wetting agents x x x x x x x Enzymes x x x x x x x x Electrochemical x x x x x x x Calcium Chloride UF Resins x x x x x x x x x x x x Synthetic polymers x x x x x x x Lignosulphonate Petroleum resins x x x x x Bitumen Emulsions x x x x x x
SOIL STABILISERS Electrochemical Stabiliser Economical construction method for use in gravel and surfaced roads Increase in compacted densities and bearing capacities Greater use of in-situ material No specialised equipment required Treatment with certain products is permanent Roads can be opened to traffic immediately
SOIL STABILISERS THE EVALUATION OF EROSION PROTECTION MEASURES FOR ROADS IN FULL SCALE EXPERIMENTS CSIR Report: DPVT – C83.5 (Prepared for Department of Development Aid) Site conditions: VPD 200 Rainfall 750 — 900 mm Slope 0 — 20% Materials Sandstone, shale, Laterite Control SPP Gravel Loss 14 — 22 4 — 7 Month CBR %M CBR %M 1 38 8.1 41 8.0 3 66 4.4 85 4.1 4 63 4.4 >200 4.0 6 57 3.8 >200 3.0
SOIL BINDERS Emulsified Polymer Water-based (mixes in with compaction water) Suitable for application to a wide variety of soil types No specialised equipment required Minimal disruption to traffic Reduces erodibility and improves waterproofing of unsurfaced roads Increases CBR and UCS significantly
SOIL BINDERS CSIR TANSPORTEK REPORT ON THE TESTING OF SASBIND STABILSER Abrasion Resistance SASBIND application rate (%) Mass loss on brushing (%) None 0.2 0.4 0.6 1 35 16.9 7.7 6.1 3.7 Water Erodibility SASBIND application rate (%) None 0.7 Mass loss (%) 2.3 3.2 0.4 0.3 Avg loss 2.8 0.4 California Bearing Ratio Results SASBIND application rate (%) None 0.7 CBR (%) 62.2 50.2 46.5 140.9 121.4 86.9 Avg CBR 53.0 116.4
SOIL BINDERS Calcium Lignosulphonate Reduced gravel loss and dust levels and road maintenance Suitable for use with a variety of materials with compositions and characteristics Easy to apply, no specialised equipment required Minimal disruption to traffic, roads can be trafficked immediately Environmentally friendly, non-toxic and non-hazardous
SOIL BINDERS INITIAL LABORATORY INVESTIGATION ON THE USE OF DUSTEX AND CA-SA AS ROAD ADDITIVES CSIR Report: DPVT – C83.5 (Prepared for Department of Development Aid) Abrasion Resistance Dust prevention Material % Improvement in resistance Material % Reduction in P0.075 Dustex 0.5% Dustex 0.5% Granite 43 Granite 98.9 Diabase 12.5 Diabase 87 Ferricrete 84.6 Ferricrete 22 Calcrete 60.0 Calcrete 42 Chert 68.8 Chert 71 Shale 82 Shale 75.0 Sand 97.1 Sand 41
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