Government and civil society engagement on conflict prevention in - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Government and civil society engagement

• n conflict prevention in the petroleum

sector

UNDP Conference on Extractive Industries and Conflict Prevention Oslo, 17 November 2015

Ingunn Kroksnes Oil for Development Program, Norad

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Avoiding the Resource Curse

• Sub-optimal efficiency in extraction; rapid

resource depletion

• Low capture of public revenues; low savings;

“Dutch disease”

• Pollution and other environmental breaches
• Accidents and injuries during extraction
• High corruption; weak institutions
• Violent conflicts; human rights breaches;

poverty and social inequality

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Theory of Change

Poverty reduction Promoting economically, environmentally and socially responsible management of petroleum resources Policy makers set goals and define and assign responsibilities The authorities regulating the petroleum sector carry out their assigned responsibilities Policy makers and regulatory authorities are held accountable for their management of the petroleum sector

Main Principles in the OfD program

1.

Demand driven

2.

Sharing the Norwegian experience – not exporting «Norwegian model»

3.

Institutional twinning – peer-to-peer learning

4.

Four components: Resource management, revenues, environment, safety

5.

Crosscutting issues: Anti-corruption, climate, gender, human rights

6.

Long term engagement

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• Angola
• Cuba
• Ghana
• Iraq
• Kenya
• Lebanon
• Mozambique
• Myanmar
• Sudan
• South-Sudan
• Tanzania
• Uganda

Partner countries of 2015

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Development co-operation in the petroleum sector inherently represents dilemmas

Are increased petroleum revenues actually improving conditions for the poor, or benefitting an elite? Is institutional development good also if the government is authoritarian? When are the negative effects for the environment and affected populations too large? Is Norway sharing the right experiences? How can we operationalize the “resource curse” discourse?

Can OfD contribute to conflict prevention or conflict management?

• Understanding the country context: Conflict risk analysis and program design (do

no harm)

• Promoting transparency and accountability within program components
• Environmental and social impact assessments
• Promoting broad stakeholder engagement, including local communities, vulnerable

groups

• Strengthening civil society and public oversight institutions
• Creating arenas for dialogue and cooperation through program activities
• Early involvement

However:

• Technical assistance has limited impact without political will
• Broader Norwegian/international effort necessary - joining forces and scaling up

diplomacy

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