Good Morning SWIFT HI! I'm Marc Prud'hommeaux marc@glimpse.io - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Good Morning SWIFT HI! I'm Marc Prud'hommeaux marc@glimpse.io - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

May 19, 2023 490 likes •1.53k views

Good Morning SWIFT HI! I'm Marc Prud'hommeaux marc@glimpse.io Swift Public beta: June 2014 v1.0: September 2014 v1.2: February 2015 POLL: Swift? Agenda 1. Swift Syntax 2. Interesting Stuff 3. Questions (GOTO Guide) // Swift Bank &

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Good Morning

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SWIFT

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HI!

I'm Marc Prud'hommeaux

marc@glimpse.io

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Swift

Public beta: June 2014 v1.0: September 2014 v1.2: February 2015

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POLL: Swift?

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Agenda

  • 1. Swift Syntax
  • 2. Interesting Stuff
  • 3. Questions (GOTO Guide)
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SLIDE 7 // Swift Bank & Account class Bank { var accounts: Array<Account> init() { self.accounts = Array<Account>() } func addAccount(account: Account) { accounts.append(account) } func holdings() -> Int { var amount: Int = 0 for (account: Account) in accounts { amount += account.pennies } return amount } } class Account { var owner: String? var pennies: Int init(owner: String, pennies: Int) { self.owner = owner self.pennies = pennies } func deposit(amount: Int) { self.pennies += amount } func withdraw(amount: Int) { self.pennies -= amount } }
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SLIDE 8 // Objective-C Bank & Account @interface Bank : NSObject @property NSMutableArray *accounts; @end @interface Account : NSObject @property NSString *owner; @property int pennies; @end @implementation Bank
  • (id)init {
if (self = [super init]) { self.accounts = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init]; } return self; }
  • (void)addAccount:(Account *)account {
[self.accounts addObject:account]; }
  • (int)holdings {
int amount = 0; for (Account *account in self.accounts) { amount += account.pennies; } return amount; } @end @implementation Account
  • (id)initWithOwner:(NSString *)owner pennies:(int)pennies {
if (self = [super init]) { self.owner = owner; self.pennies = pennies; } return self; }
  • (void)deposit:(int)amount {
self.pennies += amount; }
  • (void)withdraw:(int)amount {
self.pennies -= amount; } @end
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SLIDE 9 // Java Bank & Account class Bank { List<Account> accounts; Bank() { this.accounts = new ArrayList<Account>(); } void addAccount(Account account) { accounts.add(account); } int holdings() { int amount = 0; for (Account account : accounts) { amount += account.pennies; } return amount; } } class Account { String owner; int pennies; Account(String owner, int pennies) { this.owner = owner; this.pennies = pennies; } void deposit(int amount) { this.pennies += amount; } void withdraw(int amount) { this.pennies -= amount; } }
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SLIDE 10 // Swift Bank & Account class Bank { var accounts: Array<Account> init() { self.accounts = Array<Account>() } func addAccount(account: Account) { accounts.append(account) } func holdings() -> Int { var amount: Int = 0 for (account: Account) in accounts { amount += account.pennies } return amount } } class Account { var owner: String? var pennies: Int init(owner: String, pennies: Int) { self.owner = owner self.pennies = pennies } func deposit(amount: Int) { self.pennies += amount } func withdraw(amount: Int) { self.pennies -= amount } }
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SLIDE 11 // Java Bank & Account class Bank { List<Account> accounts; Bank() { this.accounts = new ArrayList<Account>(); } void addAccount(Account account) { accounts.add(account); } int holdings() { int amount = 0; for (Account account : accounts) { amount += account.pennies; } return amount; } } class Account { String owner; int pennies; Account(String owner, int pennies) { this.owner = owner; this.pennies = pennies; } void deposit(int amount) { this.pennies += amount; } void withdraw(int amount) { this.pennies -= amount; } }
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SLIDE 12 // Swift Bank & Account class Bank { var accounts: Array<Account> init() { self.accounts = Array<Account>() } func addAccount(account: Account) { accounts.append(account) } func holdings() -> Int { var amount: Int = 0 for (account: Account) in accounts { amount += account.pennies } return amount } } class Account { var owner: String? var pennies: Int init(owner: String, pennies: Int) { self.owner = owner self.pennies = pennies } func deposit(amount: Int) { self.pennies += amount } func withdraw(amount: Int) { self.pennies -= amount } }
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SLIDE 13 // Java Bank & Account class Bank { List<Account> accounts; Bank() { this.accounts = new ArrayList<Account>(); } void addAccount(Account account) { accounts.add(account); } int holdings() { int amount = 0; for (Account account : accounts) { amount += account.pennies; } return amount; } } class Account { String owner; int pennies; Account(String owner, int pennies) { this.owner = owner; this.pennies = pennies; } void deposit(int amount) { this.pennies += amount; } void withdraw(int amount) { this.pennies -= amount; } }
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SLIDE 14 // Swift Bank & Account class Bank { var accounts: Array<Account> init() { self.accounts = Array<Account>() } func addAccount(account: Account) { accounts.append(account) } func holdings() -> Int { var amount: Int = 0 for (account: Account) in accounts { amount += account.pennies } return amount } } class Account { var owner: String? var pennies: Int init(owner: String, pennies: Int) { self.owner = owner self.pennies = pennies } func deposit(amount: Int) { self.pennies += amount } func withdraw(amount: Int) { self.pennies -= amount } }
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Generics

var strings: Array<String> = ["a", "b", "c"] strings.append("d") strings.append(1.2) // error!
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Type Inference

var num : Int = 1 var strings : [String] = ["a", "b", "c"] var dictionary : [String: Double] = ["a": 1.1, "b": 2.2]
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Type Inference

var num = 1 var strings = ["a", "b", "c"] var dictionary = ["a": 1.1, "b": 2.2]

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  • ptionals

var str: String? = "Hello" str = "World" str = nil // legal

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  • ptionals

var str: String = "Hello" str = "World" str = nil // illegal!

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  • ptional chaining
var pennies: Int? = account.owner?.deposit?.amount if pennies != nil { // neither owner nor deposit was nil }
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tuples

var twoInts: (Int, Int) = (1, 2)

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tuples

var twoStrings: (String, String) = ("dog", "cow")
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tuples

var someStuff: (String, Double, Account) = ("Marc", 1.23, myAccount)
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tuples

func minMax(array: [Int]) -> (min: Int, max: Int) { var currentMin = array[0] var currentMax = array[0] for value in array[1..<array.count] { if value < currentMin { currentMin = value } else if value > currentMax { currentMax = value } } return (currentMin, currentMax) }
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enums

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enums

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enums

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enums

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functions

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functions

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functions

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functions

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functions

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functions

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functions

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functions

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higher-order functions

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function currying

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functions

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multi-paradigm

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multi-paradigm

  • Functional + Object-Oriented & Imperative
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  • perator
  • verloading
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  • perators as

functions

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SLIDE 44 func isOrderedBefore(s1: String, s2: String)->Bool { return s1 < s2 } var words = ["dog", "cow"] words.sort(isOrderedBefore)
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var words = ["dog", "cow"] words.sort({ (s1: String, s2: String) in return s1 < s2 })

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var words = ["dog", "cow"] words.sort(<) // => "cow", "dog" words.sort(>) // => "dog", "cow"

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Immutable Structs

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Other Features

  • Access Control
  • Bridging to Objective-C
  • Automatic Reference Counting (no GC)
  • Protocol (i.e., interfaces)
  • Categories (i.e., type extensions)
  • And Much, Much More!
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SLIDE 49 var explicitDouble: Double = 70 var implicitInteger = 70 var implicitDouble = 70.0 var = "" let numberOfBananas: Int = 10 let numberOfApples = 3 let numberOfOranges = 5 let appleSummary = "I have \(numberOfApples) apples." let fruitSummary = "I have \(numberOfApples + numberOfOranges) pieces of fruit." var fruits = ["mango", "kiwi", "avocado"] if fruits.isEmpty { println("No fruits in my array.") } else { println("There are \(fruits.count) items in my array") } let people = ["Anna": 67, "Beto": 8, "Jack": 33, "Sam": 25] for (name, age) in people { println("\(name) is \(age) years old.") } func sayHello(personName: String) -> String { let greeting = "Hello, " + personName + "!" return greeting } println(sayHello("Jane")) func sayAge(#personName: String, personAge Age: Int) -> String { let result = "\(personName) is \(Age) years old." return result } // we can also specify the name of the parameter println(sayAge(personName: "Jane", personAge: 42))
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Immutable Values

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Definitions

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Definitions

  • Mutability:
  • Immutability:
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Definitions

  • Mutability: changeable
  • Immutability: unchangable
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All Languages have Some

final int i = 42; i++; // illegal!

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let

let i = 42 i++ // illegal!

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Immutability

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Value Types

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Value Types

  • Unshared
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Value Types

  • Value Types: Unshared
  • Reference Types: Shared
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Primitives are Values

// java int i = 42; int j = i; i++; // i = 43, j = 42

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Immutability in Java

Animal a = new Animal("dog"); Animal b = a; b.type; // "dog" a.type = "cow"; b.type; // "cow"

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Immutability in Java

final Animal a = new Animal("dog"); final Animal b = a; b.type; // "dog" a.type = "cow"; b.type; // "cow"

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final Animal a = new Animal("dog"); final Animal b = a; b.type; // "dog" a.type = "cow"; b.type; // "cow" b = new Animal("moose"); // illegal!

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Reference vs. Value Types

class Animal { var type: String } let a = new Animal("dog") let b = a b.type // "dog" a.type = "cow" b.type // "cow"

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Reference vs. Value Types

struct Animal { var type: String } var a = new Animal("dog") var b = a b.type // "dog" a.type = "cow" b.type // "dog" <-------

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Reference vs. Value Types

Similarities

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Reference vs. Value Types

Similarities

  • contain properties
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Reference vs. Value Types

Similarities

  • contain properties
  • contain methods
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Reference vs. Value Types

Similarities

  • contain properties
  • contain methods
  • contain initializers
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Reference vs. Value Types

Similarities

  • contain properties
  • contain methods
  • contain initializers
  • conform to protocols
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Reference vs. Value Types

Differences

  • cannot inherit
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Reference vs. Value Types

Differences

  • cannot inherit
  • no identity
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Reference vs. Value Types

Differences

  • cannot inherit
  • no identity
  • unshared
  • immutable
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struct Animal { var type: String } var a = new Animal("dog") a.type = "cow"

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struct Animal { var type: String } var a = new Animal("dog") var b = a b.type // "dog" a.type = "cow" b.type // "dog" <-------

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SLIDE 76 struct Bank { var accounts: [Account] = [] var holdings: Int { return accounts.map({ $0.pennies }).reduce(0, combine: +) } } struct Account { var owner: String var pennies: Int = 0 } var bank = Bank() var a1 = Account(owner: "Marc", pennies: 100) bank.accounts += [a1] var a2 = Account(owner: "Dave", pennies: 1_000) bank.accounts += [a2] bank.holdings // => 1,100 bank.accounts[0].pennies -= 50 bank.holdings // => 1,050
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SLIDE 77 struct Bank { var accounts: [Account] = [] var holdings: Int { return accounts.map({ $0.pennies }).reduce(0, combine: +) } } struct Account { var owner: String var pennies: Int = 0 } var bank = Bank() var a1 = Account(owner: "Marc", pennies: 100) bank.accounts += [a1] var a2 = Account(owner: "Dave", pennies: 1_000) bank.accounts += [a2] bank.holdings // => 1,100 bank.accounts[0].pennies -= 50 bank.holdings // => 1,050 a1.pennies -= 50 bank.holdings // => 1,050 // !?!
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Deceptive!

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But convenient

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Strings in Java: pretend references

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Strings in Swift: true references

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Values all the way down

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So What?

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Benefits

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Benefits

  • 1. comprehensible
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Benefits

  • 1. comprehensible
  • 2. testable
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Benefits

  • 1. comprehensible
  • 2. testable
  • 3. parallel
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Benefits

  • 1. comprehensible
  • 2. testable
  • 3. parallel
  • 4. portable
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Not 100%

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Mac & iOS are built on reference types

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Your App

  • X% references
  • Y% values
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Model

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Benefits

  • 1. comprehensible
  • 2. testable
  • 3. parallel
  • 4. portable
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comprehensible

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testable

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parallel

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portable

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The Value of Values

  • 1. comprehensible
  • 2. testable
  • 3. parallel
  • 4. portable
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Questions?

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Thank You!

Please Rate using the GOTO Guide!

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Thank You!

Marc Prud’hommeaux – marc@glimpse.io

Please rate this session with the GOTO Guide App