Functional Food Opportunities to Support Cognitive Fitness Dr Roger - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Host Institution

Functional Food Opportunities to Support Cognitive Fitness

Dr Roger Hurst, Plant & Food Research | April 14th 2016

The Horticulture and Food Research Institute of New Zealand

Cognitive ‘fitness’ - maintained mental performance

Plant & Food Research’s interests: » Cognitive function/performance » Concentration/alertness » Exercise performance/fatigue » Mood/Relaxation » Stress/Anxiety » Sleep prevention – not treatment

Molecular targets 2- MAO inhibitors from plants Consumer demand - Market opportunity

‘Relaxation’ = 27% (USA) 45% (China) ‘Alertness’ = 27% (USA) 38% (China)

(DataMonitor Consumer Survey 2011)

Market value (2010) and growing… » USA = $541M - just sales ‘mood’ = $430M (2009) (Nutras World, Jan 2011) » Japan = $452M » India = $382M » China = $361M Globally 85% consumers are interested, 32% actively buying 30% US population, 40% China actively buying foods that improve ‘concentration’

Blueberries - The cognition fruit

Dr James Joseph, Nutritional Neuroscientist, Tufts University, USA Dr Barbara Shukitt-Hale, Research Psychologist, Tufts University, USA

Blueberries may help prevent Alzheimer's, new research suggests

Scientists say the fruit is loaded with healthful antioxidants which could help prevent the effects

• f the increasingly common form of dementia. The Telegraph, May 2016

COMMERCIAL LEADERS

Pharmaceutical single activity single mechanism single potent bioactive Valium

GABA-R

Functional food single target multiple mechanisms multiple sub-pharma bioactives with synergies

GABA-A MAO-I Benzos ß-blocker

PFR Approach: a functional food approach

anxiety anxiety

Receptor evaluation - cultivar differences

COMMERCIAL LEADERS

The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Ltd

Pre-clinical studies

10 20 30 40 50 60 1 2 3 4 5 Time (s) days

Spatial awareness / memory / time to platform

vehicle diazepam 3mg/Kg 10mg/Kg 30mg/Kg 90mg/Kg 10 20

* ** *

% time in open arms % time in open arms

Anxiety – time in open arms

Time (%)

Scheepens A, Bisson JF, Skinner M. (2014). p-Coumaric acid activates the GABA-A receptor in vitro and is orally anxiolytic in vivo. Phytother Res. 28(2):207-11. doi: 10.1002/ptr.4968

Human trial – blackcurrant - design

» Randomised, placebo controlled, double blinded, balanced, crossover human intervention trail » n=35 healthy young adults between 18-35 years old » Intense 70 min mathematical challenge

minutes

Anthony W. Watson, A et al. (2015). Acute supplementation with blackcurrant extracts modulates cognitive functioning and inhibits monoamine oxidase-B in healthy young adults. J. Functional Foods 17: 524-539.

» Blackcurrant variety juice (142ml per 60kg/person) versus sugar matched control vs JTB delcyanTM » Berryfruit doses matched at 500mg total polyphenols

Cognitive benefits

Anthony W. Watson, A et al. (2015). Acute supplementation with blackcurrant extracts modulates cognitive functioning and inhibits monoamine oxidase-B in healthy young adults. J. Functional Foods 17: 524-539.

• a. Digit Vigilance Reaction Time

Repetition

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 10 20 30 40 50

DelCyan30 Control Juice

• b. RVIP Accuracy

Control DelCyan30 Juice

• 12
• 10
• 8
• 6
• 4
• 2

Condition Time (Minutes)

• d. Visual analogue scale- Fatigue

Repetition

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 5 10 15 20 25 30

* *

t

* *

t

*

• c. Bond-Lader Alert

*

60 150

• 30
• 25
• 20
• 15
• 10
• 5

5

Extract:

» Reduced fatigue » Improved accuracy » Improved alertness

(no improvement reaction time)

Juice:

» Faster reactions without a loss in accuracy

(no improvement in alertness, no loss of fatigue)

Game intelligence Spatial awareness Focus / alertness / learning Game play / prediction Motivation / drive to train

Muscle Recovery Cognitive

Aims: » Is cognitive fitness impaired post exercise/during fatigue/recovery » Is cognitive fitness improved by HIT » Does fruit consumption improve cognitive fitness post exercise,

• improve cognitive recovery

VO2 max Cognitive testing Submaximal cycle VO2 max Cognitive testing Submaximal cycle Session 1

6 intervals

Session 2

7 intervals

Session 3

8 intervals

Session 4

9 intervals

Session 5

10 intervals

Session 6

11 intervals

Pre training measures High Intensity Interval Training Post training measures Week 2 Week 3 Week 1 Week 4

Immediate cognitive testing after VO2 max

https://admin.joggleresearch.com/

Cognitive Fitness post High Intensity Training

Cognitive benefits

» HIT improved reaction time but not accuracy Fruit: » No further improvement

• f reaction time

» Improved accuracy Digital Symbol Substitution Task – higher executive thinking

Accuracy (% Pre-HIT) Reaction time

PL Fruit PL Fruit PL Fruit PL Fruit

Pre-HIT Pre-HIT Post-HIT Post-HIT

*

Fruit intervention during sports training may enable an individual to maintain cognitive reasoning (smart game-play) during competition.

Acknowledgements

Arjan Scheepens Birgit Ha Jeff Greenwood Suzanne Hurst Dominic Lomiwes

• thers…

Anthony Watson David Kennedy Crystal Haskell Simon Tavendale Stephen van Eyk Stephen Stannard John Podd Peter Cannon

• thers…

Funding:

• Ministry of Business

and Employment

• PSAF
• Plant & Food Research