Development status for syngas from solid forest residues via entrained flow gasification Magnus Marklund SP Energy Technology Center
My origin… 2 SP Energy Technology Center
A view on viable aspects for BtL processes 1. Scale of economy: Very large plants are favorable, conversion principles needs to be up-scalable. 2. Fuel cost: Processes that are less sensitive to impurities in low grade fuel will be most viable. 3. Future access to renewable carbon resources: High energy efficiency, high carbon utilization, and accessible hydrogen will be competitive. 4. Product flexibility: A system that can produce both electricity and liquid fuel will be advantageous. 5. Physical size of large commercial plants: Ability to operate at high pressure will be favorable. 3 SP Energy Technology Center
General applications in gasification 40-70 % energi 40-45 % el, 45-50 % värme 25-30 % el, 50-60 % värme 35-40 % el SP Energy Technology Center
General principle entrained flow gasification (EFG) 5 SP Energy Technology Center
Solid Bio-EFG in Sweden 2016 MEVA Energy/PiteEnergi 3 MW CHP (Operational) SP ETC PEBG syngas pilot 1 MW @10 bar (Operational) SP Energy Technology Center
MEVA Energy/PiteEnergi development plant 3 MW Hortlax, Piteå. Cyclone Multistage cleaning Cooperation on specially Gasifier • cyclone designed gas engines with • gas cooling supplier Cummins Power • RME scrubber Generation Ltd., UK. • WESP 7 SP Energy Technology Center
Pressurized Entrained flow Biomass Gasifier (PEBG) • Owner: SP ETC, Piteå • Contact: Fredrik Weiland • 1.0 MW th (~200 kg/h), 10 bar, Oxygen blown • Approx. 800 h of operation • Daily operation (some long-term tests, 4 days) • Wood, Peat, Bark, Forest residue, Lignin, Pyrolysis oil • In-house (Design – Construction – Operation) SP Energy Technology Center
Solid Bio-EFG (BtL) in Europe 2016 WoodSpirit (planned) BioTFuel (planned) Bioliq BTL (in operation) UPM Stracel (planned) Pilot plants “Commercial” SP Energy Technology Center
NER 300 Europe: Solid Bio-EFG UPM Stracell* – Frankrike. FT. Status okänt, AIOS BTL – Finland. FT. Avbrutet. 1 st Call WoodSpirit – Nederländerna. Metanol. Status okänd. Pyrogrot Billerud – Sverige. Pyrolysolja. Avbrutet GoBiGas 2 – Sverige. SNG. Fas 1 pågår, fas 2? • Fast pyrolysis – Estland. Pyrolysolja. Status okänd • CHP Biomass pyrolysis – Lettland. Pyrolysolja. Status okänd 2 nd Call • E.ON Bio2G – Sverige. SNG. Status ? * “A final decision on whether or not the UPM Stracel BtL facility will proceed is reportedly pending, due to ongoing uncertainty over the regulatory environment for advanced biofuels in Europe. “ (http://biofuelstp.eu/btl.html) SP Energy Technology Center
BIOTFUEL, FRANCE UDHE Prenflo PDQ gasifier pilot planned to be installed at the Dunkirk refinery of Total at a cost in excess of 100 M€ in ??? SP Energy Technology Center 11
From Solid Biomass to clean Syngas EFG Process Optimisation Criteria 1. MAX imize process availability 2. MIN imize the fuel pre-treatment requirements 3. MAX imize CGE with respect to considered application 4. MIN imize soot and tar formation in reactor 5. MAX imize particulate separation from product gas 12 SP Energy Technology Center
PEBG: project history Component Control Pressurised Process Pressure 1 st Heat up Assembly Start PFD Design System O 2 gasification R&D increase April Nov February May December April October August January SP Energy Technology Center 2009 2012 2009 2010 2010 2010 2011 2011 2014
PEBG: Process Overview SP Energy Technology Center
PEBG: Process Characterization CO, H 2 , CH 4 , C 2 H 4 , C 2 H 2 CO, H 2 Weiland et al. Influence of process parameters on the performance of an oxygen blown entrained flow biomass gasifier , Fuel, vol. 153, p. 510-519, 2015. SP Energy Technology Center
PEBG: Extractive sampling from the reactor core Weiland et al. Extractive sampling of gas and particulates from the reactor core of an entrained flow biomass gasifier , SP Energy Technology Center submitted to Energy and Fuels, 2016.
PEBG: Formation of Particulates, Gasification Wiinikka et al., Combust. Flame 161 (2014) 1923-1934 Weiland et al., Aerosol Sci. Technol. 48 (2014) 1145-1155 SP Energy Technology Center
PEBG: Slagging ash SP Energy Technology Center
PEBG – TRL ”sawdust to raw syngas” Fas TRL Kännetecken för uppnådd nivå Exempel på den mognadsnivå som ska uppnås Produkten har introducerats på marknaden och Produkt används med framgång Införande 9 tekniken har visat sig fungera i verklig (verifierad produktanvändning) användning Test- och demonstrationsfasen är avslutad till 8 Det komplett system är validerat potentiella kunders belåtenhet. Tekniken har funnit sin slutliga form, prestanda är bekräftade. Tekniken har visat sig fungera i tester med Pilot- och 7 Demonstration i driftsmiljö prototyp- eller demonstrationsfordon i verklig demon- driftsmiljö. Överlämning till produktutveckling. strator- Systemet eller ett större delsystem har testats projekt 6 Demonstration i relevant miljö under verklighetsliknande förhållanden (t ex på provbana). Komponenter eller delsystem har testats under Teknisk validering i relevant 5 verklighetsliknande förhållanden (t ex testrigg miljö eller testfordon). Teknikens livskraft verifierad. Komponenter eller delsystem har testats. Teknisk validering i 4 Konceptets relation till andra system (t ex i ett laboratoriemiljö komplett fordon) har bestämts. Analytiska eller experimentella studier har Teknisk Experimentella bevis på 3 genomförts. Karakteristiska drag hos tekniken är forskning konceptets potential föreligger kända. Möjliga applikationer har identifierats. 2 Teknikkoncept formulerade Grundläggande principer studeras. Förfinad förutsägelse av prestanda. Vetenskapliga resultat finns som tyder på en Grund- Grundläggande principer 1 möjlig praktisk tillämpning. Prestanda kan SP Energy Technology Center forskning observerade uppskattas.
Exemple: Survey SIA gasification/pyrolysis SP Energy Technology Center
My summary for BtL from bio-EFG: In general: High ambitions – low level of action Big investment grants available via EU but not sufficient! SEA: ”In long -term, BtL via EFG is of interets for Sweden” Favorable market conditions and strong consortia needed for demonstration and commercialisation! Swedish competence is internationally competivite but lack solid technology providers. Further technology push efforts needed in order to be ”ready” when market and actor timing is right. SP Energy Technology Center
Tack för uppmärksamheten! SP Energy Technology Center 22
PEBG Publications Weiland, F., Wiinikka, H., Hedman, H., Wennebro, J., Pettersson, E., Gebart, R. Influence of process parameters on the performance of an oxygen blown entrained flow biomass gasifier. Fuel 153 (2015) 510-519. Leijenhorst, E.J., Assink, D., van de Beld, L., Weiland, F., Wiinikka, H., Carlsson, P., Öhrman, O.G.W. Entrained Flow gasification of straw,- and wood- derived pyrolysis oil in a pressurized oxygen blown gasifier. Biomass and Bioenergy 79 (2015) 166-176. Carlsson, P., Ma, C., Molinder, R., Weiland, F., Wiinikka, H., Öhman, M., Öhrman, O. Slag formation during Oxygen Blown Entrained-Flow Gasification of Stem Wood. Energy & Fuels 28 (2014) 6941-6952. Weiland, F., Nilsson, P., Wiinikka, H., Gudmundsson, A., Gebart, R., Sanati, M. Online characterization of syngas particulates using aerosol mass spectrometry in entrained-flow biomass gasification. Aerosol Science and Technology 48 (2014) 1145-1155. Molinder, R., Öhrman, O.G.W. Characterization and cleanup of waste water from pressurized entrained flow biomass gasification. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering 2 (2014) 2063-2069. Andersson, J., Lundgren, J., Marklund, M., Methanol production via pressurized entrained flow biomass gasification – Techno-economic comparison of integrated vs. stand-alone production. Biomass and Bioenergy 64 (2014) 256-268. Weiland, F., Nordwaeger, M., Olofsson, I., Wiinikka, H., Nordin, A. Entrained flow gasification of torrefied wood residues. Fuel Processing Technology 125 (2014) 51-58. SP Energy Technology Center
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