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MITATE: Mobile Internet Testbed for Application Traffic Experimentation Utkarsh Goel, Ajay Miyyapuram, Mike P. Wittie, Qing Yang Montana State University - Bozeman March 26, 2014 Workshop on Active Internet Measurements (AIMS14) 1

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Utkarsh Goel, Ajay Miyyapuram, Mike P. Wittie, Qing Yang Montana State University - Bozeman

MITATE: Mobile Internet Testbed for Application Traffic Experimentation

March 26, 2014 Workshop on Active Internet Measurements (AIMS’14)

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Motivation

APP SERVER USER

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Motivation

APP SERVER USER DEVELOPER Measure end-to-end delays

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Motivation

APP SERVER USER DEVELOPER RESEARCHER Measure end-to-end delays Evaluate new network mechanisms

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Motivation

APP SERVER USER DEVELOPER RESEARCHER Measure end-to-end delays Evaluate new network mechanisms

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MITATE

  • A new platform for mobile application prototyping in live mobile networks.
  • Allows experimentation with custom mobile application traffic between

mobile devices and cloud infrastructure endpoints.

  • A collaborative framework, in which participants contribute their mobile

network resources and are allowed, in turn, to run their traffic experiments on others’ devices.

  • Open to the public and being deployed on Google’s Measurement Lab

(M-Lab).

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Measurement without MITATE

//app code int main() App Traffic //srvr code int main()

Mobile Devices Back-end Servers Application Implementation

//app code int main() App Traffic //srvr code int main() Security concerns over untested code Restrictive APIs Want to measure traffic delays. Have to deploy code to do so. Small number of volunteered devices Downsides of code deployment

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How does MITATE help measurement?

MITATE separates traffic generation from application logic MITATE

App Traffic

MITATE Mobile Devices Back-end Servers Application Implementation

//app code int main() //srvr code int main() App Traffic App Traffic

XML:

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MITATE’s traffic definition

  • Generate traffic definitions in a form of well structured XML that defines

– what the traffic looks like? – where the traffic is going? – when the traffic is to be sent? – which mobile device should execute the experiment?

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Defining a transfer

  • ther parameters include:
  • Transmission delay
  • No. of packets
  • Explicitly defined content

<transfer> <id>transfer1</id> <src>client</src> <dst>1.2.3.4</dst> <protocol>UDP</protocol> <dstport>5060</dstport> <bytes>20</bytes> <response>0</response> </transfer>

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Defining transfers with explicit content

<transfer> <id>dns_req</id> <src>client</src> <dst>DNS</dst> <dstport>53</dstport> <prot>UDP</prot> <bytes><![CDATA[0x0100be07de55...]]></bytes> <response>1</response> </transfer>

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Defining a criteria

<criteria> <id>criteria1</id> <latlong>"45.666 -111.046"</latlong> <radius>5000</radius> <networktype>cellular</networktype> <starttime>12:00</starttime> <endtime>13:30</endtime> </criteria>

  • ther parameters include:
  • Network carrier
  • Minimum battery power
  • Minimum signal strength
  • Device model name
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Summing up all the definitions

<transaction count=“10”> <criteria> <criteriaid>criteria1</criteriaid> </criteria> <transfers> <transferid delay=“10” repeat=“1”>transfer1</transferid> <transferid delay=“20” repeat=“2”>transfer2</transferid> <transferid delay=“10” repeat=“1”>transfer1</transferid> </transfers> </transaction>

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How does MITATE help developers?

MITATE separates traffic generation from application logic MITATE

App Traffic

MITATE

Mobile Devices Back-end Servers Application Implementation

//app code int main() //srvr code int main() App Traffic App Traffic

XML:

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How does MITATE help developers?

MITATE separates traffic generation from application logic MITATE

App Traffic

MITATE

Mobile Devices Back-end Servers Application Implementation

//app code int main() //srvr code int main() App Traffic App Traffic

XML:

No mobile code – only traffic description shipped to mobiles Flexibility in traffic generation logic Large number of volunteered devices Upsides of using MITATE

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How does MITATE help developers?

MITATE separates traffic generation from application logic MITATE

App Traffic

MITATE

Mobile Devices Back-end Servers Application Implementation

//app code int main() //srvr code int main() App Traffic App Traffic

XML:

No mobile code – only traffic description shipped to mobiles Flexibility in traffic generation logic Large number of volunteered devices Upsides of using MITATE

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How does MITATE help developers?

MITATE separates traffic generation from application logic MITATE

App Traffic

MITATE

Mobile Devices Back-end Servers Application Implementation

//app code int main() //srvr code int main() App Traffic App Traffic

XML:

No mobile code – only traffic description shipped to mobiles Flexibility in traffic generation logic Large number of volunteered devices Upsides of using MITATE

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How does MITATE help developers?

MITATE separates traffic generation from application logic MITATE

App Traffic

MITATE

Mobile Devices Back-end Servers Application Implementation

App Traffic

XML:

No mobile code – only traffic description shipped to mobiles Flexibility in traffic generation logic Large number of volunteered devices Upsides of using MITATE where performance of intermediate solutions are the reported metrics in each experiment round

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Challenges in deploying large scale testbed

  • Assure sufficient resource capacity for scheduled experiments.

(Limiting resource is mobile data, subject to monthly caps)

– Entice users to contribute resources – Prevent abuse of contributed resources

  • MITATE jointly addresses both problems using a data credit exchange

system inspired by BitTorrent tit-for-tat mechanisms

  • Avoid DDoS attacks configured as MITATE experiments.

– A MITATE user may request that multiple devices send data simultaneously, the user’s credit will be rapidly depleted. – So even if the transmissions are malicious, they will be short-lived.

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Measure of application performance

  • What is the largest game state update message that can be reliably

delivered under 100 ms?

  • Does my application traffic need to contend with traffic shaping

mechanisms?

  • Which CDN provides fastest downloads through a particular mobile

service provider's peering points?

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Message delay vs. message size at 10AM on CSP 1 to a CA datacenter

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Measure of application performance

  • What is the largest game state update message that can be reliably

delivered under 100 ms?

  • Does my application traffic need to contend with traffic shaping

mechanisms?

  • Which CDN provides fastest downloads through a particular mobile

service provider's peering points?

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Effect of payload on CSP1

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Effect of choice of transport protocols

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Measure of application performance

  • What is the largest game state update message that can be reliably

delivered under 100 ms?

  • Whether the delays are due to network allocation timeouts or due to the

device entering power save mode?

  • Does my application traffic need to contend with traffic shaping

mechanisms?

  • Which CDN provides fastest downloads through a particular mobile

service provider's peering points?

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Measurement based CDN selection

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Conclusions

  • MITATE is the first public testbed that supports prototyping of application

communications between mobiles and cloud datacenters.

  • MITATE separates application logic from traffic generation, which

simplifies security and resource sharing mechanisms.

  • We have presented data collected with MITATE experiments that affects

mobile application message delay.

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Requests to the audience

  • Beta testers and collaborators within the mobile development and

research communities to test MITATE

  • Feedback on MITATE’s functionality before making the tool public on

M-Lab.

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Learn more

  • Details in our Mobiquitous’13 paper:

http://www.cs.montana.edu/mwittie/publications/Goel13MITATE.pdf

  • Web URL: http://mitate.cs.montana.edu
  • Email: mitate@cs.montana.edu
  • Code Repo: https://github.com/msu-netlab/MITATE

Thank you Questions?

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Why “MITATE”

  • Mitate is a technique used in ukiyo-e images, as

well as in other creative forms, in which many layers of meaning are layered atop one another

  • MITATE allows the discovery of multiple types of

mobile network performance data

A mitate-e painting by Hokusai, depicting a courtesan juxtaposed with Daruma, the founder of Zen.

http://wiki.samurai-archives.com/index.php?title=Mitate