[PPT] - Food Recall and Traceability Usa Bamrungbhuet National Bureau of PowerPoint Presentation

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Food Recall and Traceability

Usa Bamrungbhuet

National Bureau of Agricultural Commodity and Food Standards

Inception workshop

“Principles and further activities for Codex implementation of International Food Safety Standards in ASEAN Countries”

17 – 19 September 2012, Royal Princess Hotel, Bangkok

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Food Recall and Traceability

Consumer concerns about food safety have increased.
This is a result of various events relating to food safety.
An outbreak of food poisoning caused by the E. coli

0157:H7 in 1996

Outbreaks of disease in animals that could be transmitted

to human

The presence of chemicals above acceptable limits in food

and feed , can threaten both the quality and safety of the product.

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A number of crisis concerning food safety and quality and

their effect on consumer health have dented confidence in foodstuff.

In some cases food trade has also been severely disrupted

and the export of food products has been prohibited.

These problems have had wide-ranging impacts throughout

the food chain, and have brought about substantial reform in food production, regulation.

Food Recall and Traceability

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Food Recall “ The action to remove food from the

market at any stage of the food chain, including that possessed by consumers”

Traceability/product tracing (T/PT)

“ The ability to follow the movement of a food through specified stage (s) of production processing and distribution”

Food Recall and Traceability

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Codex Standards Related to Food Recall

General Principle of Food Hygiene (CAC/RCP 1- 1969)
5.8 Recall Procedures :
Managers should ensure effective procedures are in place

to deal with any food safety hazards and to enable to complete, rapid recall of any lot of the finished food from the market. Where a product has been withdrawn because

f an immediate health hazards, other products which are

produced under similar conditions, and which may present a similar hazard to public health, should evaluated for safety and may need to be withdrawn. The need for public warnings should be considered.

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CAC/RCP 1- 1969(continued)
Recalled products should be held under

supervision until they are destroyed, used for purposes other than human consumption, determined to be safe for human consumption, or reprocessed in a manner to ensure their safety.

Codex Standards Related to Food Recall

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Other Code of Hygienic Practices
Code of Hygienic Practice for Eggs and Egg

Products (CAC/RCP15 – 1976) Refer to the General Principles of Food Hygiene

Code of Hygienic Practice for the Transport of

Food in Bulk and Semi – Packed Food  Refer to the General Principles of Food Hygiene and, as appropriate, other Codex Codes of Hygienic Practice shall be applied.

Codex Standards Related to Food Recall

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Proposed Draft Principles and Guidelines for National Food Control System

 In order to respond to food safety emergencies, consideration should be given to the establishment of a national food safety emergency plan with establishment

f

a coordination arrangement with links to public health authorities, law enforcement and intelligence agencies, food recall systems, risk assessment specialists, the food industry, and others.  The national food control system should have procedures covering the prompt removal of unsafe food. These procedures should ensure that products that are deemed to be unsafe should be recalled, appropriately dealt with to ensure consumer

protection. Where distribution has occurred, appropriate

consumer notification should be given.

Codex Standards Related to Food Recall

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Proposed Draft Principles and Guidelines for National Food Control System  Recall systems and other market withdrawal systems should be a coordinated effort between the national government and food business operators. If the competent authority requests a recall, operators should have an affirmative duty to recover recalled products and to destroy or dispose of them properly. National laws should include penalties for companies that fail to comply with recall requests.  In order to promote consumer confidence in food safety and ensure fair practices in the food.

Codex Standards Related to Food Recall

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Codex Standards related to T/PT

General Principle of Food Hygiene (CAC/RCP 1- 1969)

9.1 Lot Identification Lot Identification is essential in Product recall and also helps effective stock rotation. Each container of food should be permanently marked to identify the producer and the lot. Codex General Standard for the Labeling of Prepackaged Foods 9.2 Product Information All food products should be accompanied by or bear adequate information to enable the next person in the food chain to handle, display, store and prepare and use the product safely and correctly.

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An Issue in CCFFP, TFAF,

TFFBT, CCFH, CCFL, CCFICS, CCGP, Regional Codex Coordinating Committee

Codex Standards related to T/PT

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CCGP

Codex Definition

CCFICS

Codex Principle

Codex Standards related to T/PT

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Discussion in CCGP
The place of traceability in risk management
The use of traceability for product integrity,

authenticity and identification

The use of equivalent measures
Practicability of its application in developing

countries

Consumer confidence and information

concerning the nature and origin of products

Codex Standards related to T/PT

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High costs reason for applying
Extent in consumer health

protection

Ensuring fair trade practices

Codex Standards related to T/PT

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The extent in consumer health protection

To consider as part of food safety risk management
To achieve ALOP from that risk
Other appropriate measures achieve the same ALOP

and less costly

To apply to some part or throughout the food chain
As a case-by-case basis depending on the nature of the

risk and ability to manage

Codex Standards related to T/PT

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Ensuring fair trade practices

Country of origin
Organic farming
Religious concerns such as kosher or halal
Animal welfare
Environment

Codex Standards related to T/PT

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Question of how to achieve ALOP or legitamate

bjective
What are the modalities?
What information needs to be transmitted?
When and how to integrate into international

regulatory?

Practicability in developing countries?

Codex Standards related to T/PT

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Question of how to achieve ALOP or legitimate

bjective
Need justifications for food safety and their economical

practicability in developing countries.

Take into account other measures for food safety risk

management process achieve same ALOP and may less costly or more appropriate in a given situation.

To consider the tracing of the products as an additional

tool only for the cases when a risk to human health has been identified

Codex Standards related to T/PT

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The 27th CAC (2004) has adopted T/PT

Definition Traceability/product tracing (T/PT) “ The ability to follow the movement of a food through specified stage(s) of production processing and distribution”

Codex Standards related to T/PT

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CCFICS

Set of Principles of T/PT  concerns that members have raised with respect to T/PT

the scope of the principles with respect to both food

safety and fair practices in the food trade;

mandatory versus voluntary application of

traceability/product tracing; and

the rationale for when and how to apply

traceability/product tracing.

Codex Standards related to T/PT

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The 29th CAC (2006) adopted “ Principles

for Traceability/Product tracing as a tool within a Food Inspection and Certification System (CAC/GL 60-2006)

Codex Standards related to T/PT

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PRINCIPLES FOR TRACEABILITY / PRODUCT TRACING

A set of principles to assist competent authorities in

utilizing traceability/product tracing as a tool within their food inspection and certification system.

May be applied, in order to contribute to the protection of

consumers against food-borne hazards and deceptive marketing practices and the facilitation of trade on the basis of accurate product

Is one of a number of tools that may be utilized by a

competent authority within its food inspection and certification system

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may apply to all or specified stages of the food chain (from

production to distribution), as appropriate to the

bjectives of the food inspection and certification system.
should be able to identify at any specified stage of the food

chain (from production to distribution) from where the food came (one step back) and to where the food went (one step forward), as appropriate to the objectives of the food inspection and certification system. PRINCIPLES FOR TRACEABILITY / PRODUCT TRACING

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does not of itself improve food safety outcomes or

promote fair practices in food trade, i.e. it must be applied in combination with a measure or requirement

ensuring the implications of implementation are fully

considered (i.e. especially for developing countries

the exporting countries should not have to replicate the

traceability/product tracing tool of the importing country, it need only meet the objectives of the importing country’s food inspection and certification system PRINCIPLES FOR TRACEABILITY / PRODUCT TRACING

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The Need for further Guidance on Traceability/ Product Tracing

A questionnaire where developed to gather

information on member countries experiences of developing Traceability/Product Tracing requirements,

Some of the comments received indicate that

there is a strong present need for further guidance, while other comments point out that development of guidelines, including identifying potential gaps at this point is premature.

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The Need for further Guidance on Traceability/ Product Tracing

Comments have been given which point out some elements of importance that need to be considered if guidance should be developed, for example;

Guidance should be developed based on practical

experiences;

must accommodate the various approaches used by

countries;

must accommodate the wide spectrum of systems (electronic

and non-electronic) used for T/PT; and

Must provide flexibility for future developments in the field.
should be feasible even for medium-sized or small companies,

rather than only major companies.

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Implementation of food recall and Traceability across the food chain

Purpose of a Food Recall

 there is rapid removal of unsafe food from all possible stages of the supply chain;  the concerned consumers and customers are informed; and  the food under recall has been retrieved, destroyed

r reprocessed

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Traceability is an effective tool with which food

business operators can trace food throughout the food chain.

The most common legal requirement is for food

business operators to have, as a minimum, a documented one-step-back/one-step-forward traceability approach.

Implementation of food recall and Traceability across the food chain

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In the context of a food recall, the objectives
f traceability are to:
identify uniquely a lot/batch/consignment of

food in a way that allows tracing of the physical flow of the food forwards through the food chain to the immediate customer and tracing of the physical flow of raw materials backwards to the immediate supplier;

Implementation of food recall and Traceability across the food chain

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In the context of a food recall, the objectives
f traceability are to:
create and maintain accurate traceability

records that can be provided within a short time period when needed for recall or at the request

f the competent authorities.

Implementation of food recall and Traceability across the food chain

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The first priority is to identify where the food has been distributed (trace-forward activities). This ensure rapid cessations of the use, distribution and sale of the food to be recalled.  Following the initiation of trace-forwards activities, trace-back activities should occur in conjunction with the recall, to identify any other implicated food

Implementation of food recall and Traceability across the food chain

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Trace-forwards activities  The purpose of trace-forward activity is to identify the physical location of the affected product in the food chain. The objective of the trace-forward process is to obtain the most complete list of possible of all customers or entities that received the affected, and to inform them about the recall and the actions that are expected of them in order to remove the product from the market.

Implementation of food recall and Traceability across the food chain

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Trace-back activities  The purpose of trace-back activity is to determine whether there are other products on the market or in the food supply chain that may have been affected by the same hazards as the food subjected to the recall.  The competent authority should work together with the food business operator to ensure that a trace back investigation is performed to ascertain that there is no other affected food on the market.

Implementation of food recall and Traceability across the food chain

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Conclusion

T/PT has been proven useful, once there is an

ability to trace a product that can be traced for whatever purpose.

T/PT has the benefit however of being applicable

to the management of previously unforeseen or unidentified risks which makes it an important tool.

A number of countries have chosen to incorporate

the T/PT tool in the food legislative framework for use by the competent authorities.

Codex has developed a definition and a set of

principles for national authorities.

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Further consideration

Whether guidance on T/PT should be developed or not ??