Focus on Fluency Focus on Fluency Marilyn Jager Jager Adams Adams - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Focus on Fluency Focus on Fluency Marilyn Jager Jager Adams Adams Marilyn Chief Scientist, Soliloquy Learning Visiting Professor Cognitive & Linguistic Sciences Brown University May 3, 2005 May 3, 2005 San Antonio, Texas San

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marilyn@soliloquylearning.com

Focus on Fluency Focus on Fluency

Marilyn Marilyn Jager Jager Adams Adams Chief Scientist, Soliloquy Learning Visiting Professor Cognitive & Linguistic Sciences Brown University May 3, 2005 May 3, 2005 San Antonio, Texas San Antonio, Texas

SLIDE 2

marilyn@soliloquylearning.com

National Reading Panel National Reading Panel Report Report (2000)

(2000)

National Reading Panel

REPORT OF THE TEACHING CHILDREN TO READ

An Evidence-Based Assessment of the Scientific Research Literature on Reading and its Implications for Reading Instruction

  Phonemic Awareness

Phonemic Awareness

  Decoding

Decoding

  Reading Fluency

Reading Fluency

  Vocabulary Development

Vocabulary Development

  Comprehension Strategies

Comprehension Strategies

SLIDE 3

marilyn@soliloquylearning.com

State of California Stanford 9 State of California Stanford 9 LEP Students, LEP Students,

11 11 9 9 11 11 17 17 14 14 18 18 16 16 17 17 18 18 23 23 1998-99 1998-99 11 11 11 11 9 9 9 9 12 12 12 12 19 19 19 19 16 16 17 17 20 20 21 21 18 18 20 20 21 21 24 24 23 23 26 26 31 31 34 34 2000-01 2000-01 2001-02 2001-02 11 11 9 9 12 12 18 18 15 15 19 19 17 17 20 20 21 21 28 28 1999-00 1999-00 10 10 8 8 10 10 15 15 12 12 16 16 14 14 15 15 14 14 19 19 1997-98 1997-98 11 11 10 10 9 9 8 8 7 7 6 6 5 5 4 4 3 3 2 2 Grade

Grade

Year Year

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marilyn@soliloquylearning.com

State of California Stanford 9 State of California Stanford 9 LEP Students, LEP Students,

11 11 9 9 11 11 17 17 14 14 18 18 16 16 17 17 18 18 23 23 1998-99 1998-99 11 11 11 11 9 9 9 9 12 12 12 12 19 19 19 19 16 16 17 17 20 20 21 21 18 18 20 20 21 21 24 24 23 23 26 26 31 31 34 34 2000-01 2000-01 2001-02 2001-02 11 11 9 9 12 12 18 18 15 15 19 19 17 17 20 20 21 21 28 28 1999-00 1999-00 10 10 8 8 10 10 15 15 12 12 16 16 14 14 15 15 14 14 19 19 1997-98 1997-98 11 11 10 10 9 9 8 8 7 7 6 6 5 5 4 4 3 3 2 2 Grade

Grade

Year Year

SLIDE 5

marilyn@soliloquylearning.com

National Reading Panel National Reading Panel Report Report (2000)

(2000)

National Reading Panel

REPORT OF THE TEACHING CHILDREN TO READ

An Evidence-Based Assessment of the Scientific Research Literature on Reading and its Implications for Reading Instruction

  Phonemic Awareness

Phonemic Awareness

  Decoding

Decoding

  Reading Fluency

Reading Fluency

  Vocabulary Development

Vocabulary Development

  Comprehension Strategies

Comprehension Strategies

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marilyn@soliloquylearning.com

What is Reading What is Reading Fluency Fluency? ?

  Capacity

Capacity: Fluency : Fluency is the ability to read

is the ability to read with sufficient ease and accuracy that one with sufficient ease and accuracy that one can focus attention on the meaning and can focus attention on the meaning and message of text. message of text.

  Assessment

Assessment: Reading rate in correct words : Reading rate in correct words per minute. per minute.

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marilyn@soliloquylearning.com

The Power of Fluency Assessments The Power of Fluency Assessments

0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 Written Retell (Content Words) Oral Retell (Content Words) Question Answering Written Cloze (Synonym) Oral Cloze (Synonym) Correct Words per Minute

Correlation with SAT

SAT: Word Study

Fuchs, L. S., Fuchs., D., & Maxwell, L. (1988), The validity of informal reading comprehension measures. RASE, 1988, 9(2), 20-28.

SAT: Reading Comprehension

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Fluency vs. Proficiency Fluency vs. Proficiency

1992 NAEP 1992 NAEP

179 207 229 249

150 170 190 210 230 250 270 1 2 3 4

Fluency Level

NAEP Score

Pinnell, G. S., et al. (1995). Listening to children read aloud (Rpt. No. 23-FR-04). Washington, DC: NCES.

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marilyn@soliloquylearning.com

Fluency, Accuracy and Rate Fluency, Accuracy and Rate

(NAEP, 1992) (NAEP, 1992)

20 40 60 80 100 1 2 3 4

Fluency Level

2 0 2 0 4 0 4 0 6 0 6 0 8 0 8 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 2 0 1 2 0 1 4 0 1 4 0 1 6 0 1 6 0 1 8 0 1 8 0 1 2 3 4

Fluency Level

Reading Accuracy Reading Rate

Pinnell, G. S., et al. (1995). Listening to children read aloud (Rpt. No. 23-FR-04). Washington, DC: NCES.

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marilyn@soliloquylearning.com

Fluency Assessment Fluency Assessment

Disfluency Disfluency Assessment Assessment

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Attention and Fluency Attention and Fluency

can focus attention on meaning and message.

Less Less Fluent Readers…

must devote attention to the act of reading

Put Reading First, 2001

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marilyn@soliloquylearning.com

What What’ ’s the best way to foster s the best way to foster Fluency Fluency? ?

National Reading Panel

REPORT OF THE TEACHING CHILDREN TO READ

An Evidence-Based Assessment of the Scientific Research Literature on Reading and its Implications for Reading Instruction

  Lots of Reading

Lots of Reading

Aloud

Aloud

With a helper

With a helper

Repeatedly

Repeatedly

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marilyn@soliloquylearning.com

Why is Guided Oral Reading so Why is Guided Oral Reading so Helpful? Helpful?

  Reading

Reading Aloud Aloud is especially good for kids is especially good for kids

  It's easier to make sure kids are staying

It's easier to make sure kids are staying

n task when they're reading aloud
n task when they're reading aloud

  Read

Read alouds alouds are good forums for are good forums for

ffering help and encouraging reflection
ffering help and encouraging reflection

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marilyn@soliloquylearning.com

CA video CA video

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marilyn@soliloquylearning.com

What What’ ’s the best way s the best way to develop fluency? to develop fluency?

Guided Oral Reading Guided Oral Reading

National Reading Panel, 2000

fluency, vocabulary, and comprehension? fluency, vocabulary, and comprehension?

SLIDE 17

marilyn@soliloquylearning.com

Efficacy Study: Design Efficacy Study: Design

Grade Condition 2 3 4 5 Total Reading Assistant Teachers 3 3 2 3 11 Students 59 63 43 63 228 Control Teachers 3 3 2 2 10 Students 48 57 42 35 182 Total Teachers 6 6 4 5 21 Students 107 120 85 98 410

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Fluency Growth Fluency Growth

* Expected growth based on per-grade average of national norms collected by Hasbrouck & Tindal (1992) and Edformation (www.edformation.com).

5 10 15 20 25 30

Grade 2 Grade 3 Grade 4 Grade 5

Fluency Gain (correct words per minute)

Expected* Control Reading Assistant

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marilyn@soliloquylearning.com

Normally, kids learn incredibly quickly Normally, kids learn incredibly quickly… …. . … …provided you can get them to provided you can get them to invest some time and attention. invest some time and attention.

Adams's Rule Adams's Rule

SLIDE 20

marilyn@soliloquylearning.com

Focus on Fluency Focus on Fluency

National Reading Panel National Reading Panel Report Report (2000)

(2000)

National Reading Panel

Phonemic Awareness

Decoding

Reading Fluency

Vocabulary Development

Comprehension Strategies

State of California Stanford 9 State of California Stanford 9 LEP Students, LEP Students,

Grade

Year Year

State of California Stanford 9 State of California Stanford 9 LEP Students, LEP Students,

Grade

Year Year

National Reading Panel National Reading Panel Report Report (2000)

(2000)

National Reading Panel

Phonemic Awareness

Decoding

Reading Fluency

Vocabulary Development

Comprehension Strategies

What is Reading What is Reading Fluency Fluency? ?

  Capacity

Capacity: Fluency : Fluency is the ability to read

is the ability to read with sufficient ease and accuracy that one with sufficient ease and accuracy that one can focus attention on the meaning and can focus attention on the meaning and message of text. message of text.

Assessment: Reading rate in correct words : Reading rate in correct words per minute. per minute.

The Power of Fluency Assessments The Power of Fluency Assessments

Fluency vs. Proficiency Fluency vs. Proficiency

Fluency, Accuracy and Rate Fluency, Accuracy and Rate

Fluency Assessment Fluency Assessment

Disfluency Disfluency Assessment Assessment

Attention and Fluency Attention and Fluency

More More Fluent Readers…

can focus attention on meaning and message.

Less Less Fluent Readers…

must devote attention to the act of reading

What What’ ’s the best way to foster s the best way to foster Fluency Fluency? ?

National Reading Panel

Lots of Reading

Aloud

With a helper

Repeatedly

Why is Guided Oral Reading so Why is Guided Oral Reading so Helpful? Helpful?

Reading Aloud Aloud is especially good for kids is especially good for kids

It's easier to make sure kids are staying

Read alouds alouds are good forums for are good forums for

CA video CA video

What What’ ’s the best way s the best way to develop fluency? to develop fluency?

Guided Oral Reading Guided Oral Reading

fluency, vocabulary, and comprehension? fluency, vocabulary, and comprehension?

Efficacy Study: Design Efficacy Study: Design

Fluency Growth Fluency Growth

Normally, kids learn incredibly quickly Normally, kids learn incredibly quickly… …. . … …provided you can get them to provided you can get them to invest some time and attention. invest some time and attention.

Adams's Rule Adams's Rule

Thank you ! Thank you !