Flow Networks A new perspective of complex systems Contents 1 - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
LOGO School of Systems Beijing Normal University Jiang Zhang @ Ali forum of complexity science 2014 Flow Networks A new perspective of complex systems Contents 1 Flow Networks 2 Common Patterns 3 Constructal Law? School of Systems
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Flow Networks
A new perspective of complex systems
Jiang Zhang @ Ali forum of complexity science 2014
School of Systems Beijing Normal University
Contents
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Flow Networks
1
Common Patterns
2
Constructal Law?
3
Open system
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negative entropy flow
What is life,1943
Bernard’s convection
Flow Network
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M
Fo
Fi
www.themegallery.com
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Flow Channels
Living Systems
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Living Systems
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Traffic Flows
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Energy Flows
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Money Flow
William Phillips (1914 – 1975)
Phillips and Moniac
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Goods Flow
World-wide Trade Network
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Information Flow?
Social Network Clickstream: Attention flow
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Attention Flow
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Wu, and Zhang: The decentralized flow structure of clickstreams on the web; EPJ B (2013) 86: 266
Common Features
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Conservative flows Flow balance Steady state Large dissipation Universal quantitative patterns: Dissipation law Gravity law Scale-free distribution
Kleiber’s law
1
~
+ d d
M F
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Kleiber 1943; Banavar, 1999; Dreyer 2001
Generalized Kleiber’s Law
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Flow in Flow out Body mass Baidu Tieba: Collective attention flow
Wu et al.: The Metabolism and Growth of Web Forums; PLoS ONE 9(8): e102646
Generalized Kleiber’s law
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1
~ / ~ ~
−
=
θ θ θ t t t t t t
UV UV PV L UV PV F M
M: page views; F: unique visitors L: average flow length Θ: stickness of forums
Wu et al.: The Metabolism and Growth of Web Forums; PLoS ONE 9(8): e102646
M
Fo
Fi
Results
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30,000 forums of Baidu Tieba
Wu et al.: The Metabolism and Growth of Web Forums; PLoS ONE 9(8): e102646
Dissipation & Allometry
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Zhang and Wu: Allometry and Dissipation of Ecological Flow Networks; PLoS ONE 2013, 8(9): e72525
Other Flow Networks
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Network Exponent Clickstream of Delicious, Digg >1 Clickstream of News, Indiana university ~1 Clickstream of mobile phone users <1 Energetic Food webs ~1 Input-output network (U.S.) ~1 Input-output network (China) <1
Zhang and Guo: Scaling Behaviors of Weighted Food Webs as Energy Transportation Networks; Journal of Theoretical Biology 264 (2010) 760–770,
Flow and channel
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Channel changes in recent 1000 years
Willamette River
Constructal Law?
For a finite-size system to persist in time (to live), it must evolve in such a way that it provides easier access to the imposed currents that flow through it
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Waiting for Newton?
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Tycho Ottesen Brahe Johannes Kepler Sir Isaac Newton
Big Data Complex Networks Kleiber’s Scaling laws
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Thank You !
http://www.swarma.org/jake zhangjiang@bnu.edu.cn
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Metro networks
θ is large θ is small θ characterizes the transportation efficiency, or the stickness of a system θ does not change with system size
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