Flow Batteries Operational experience at the edge of the grid Chris Winter RedFlow Limited
Smart Grid, Smart Cities Project - Australia • Aim: to gather information about the benefits and costs of different smart grid technologies (including 20 ESS energy storage) in different Australian urban settings 40 ESS • 2 sizes of Energy Storage o Distributed – kW class residential 1 ESS o Network – 200kW container
7 Aims of Energy Storage Trial in SGSC is to quantify… Reduction in peak demand – energy storage as a cost-effective and 1. reliable alternative to network capacity expansion 2. Improvement in network reliability/voltage/power factor/power quality – cost-effectiveness and value of energy storage Energy supply during peak price events – net benefit to retail sector 3. Minimisation of customers’ energy bills – with innovative tariffs e.g. 4. time of use together with energy storage. 5. Combined benefit between consumer, retail and network sectors Investigation of large capacity (~1MVA) storage – extra cost and 6. other benefits compared to smaller capacity storage Intermittent generation support – optimisation of renewable energy 7. sources value
RedFlow Energy Storage Deployments Newcastle Installations • 61 x 5kW/10kWh ZBM ESS installed in Newcastle, Scone and Sydney • Sydney: Newington Smart Home operational 20 months • Newcastle: ESS operational since February 2012 (staggered daily cycling) • Scone ESS: Will test island operation of network
Results – System Availability ZBM and ESS Availability - Newcastle and Scone 50 Number of Units 40 30 20 10 0 29-Feb 4-Mar 8-Mar 12-Mar 16-Mar 20-Mar 24-Mar 28-Mar 1-Apr 5-Apr 9-Apr 13-Apr Newcastle ZBM Available Newcastle ESS Available Scone ZBM Available Scone ESS Available ZBM and ESS Availability - Newcastle and Scone 60 Number of Units 50 40 30 20 10 0 29-Feb 4-Mar 8-Mar 12-Mar 16-Mar 20-Mar 24-Mar 28-Mar 1-Apr 5-Apr 9-Apr 13-Apr Newcastle ZBM Available Newcastle ESS Available
Results – 15% Evening Peak Reduction Grid-Feed Period – Monday 9 April 2012 65 Residential customers 90 80 Peak Reduction: 70 15.19% 60 50 kW 40 30 4 ESS Charge 20 2kW / ESS (8kW total) 2am – 8am Mon-Fri 10 0 3:40 PM 4:10 PM 4:40 PM 5:10 PM 5:40 PM 6:10 PM 6:40 PM 7:10 PM 7:40 PM 8:10 PM 8:40 PM 9:10 PM 9:40 PM 10:10 PM Real Power (kW) with Storage Real Power (kW) without Storage 4 ESS grid-feed 3kW / ESS (12kW total) 9kW: 4pm – 7:20pm 3kW: 7pm – 10:20pm Monday-Friday
Results – Interesting Observation Automatic Off-Peak Hot Water Systems 140 120 Off-Peak Hot Water Systems 100 43.29% increase of 6pm peak 80 kW Peak Reduction in Previous Slide 60 40 20 Monday 9 April Tuesday 10 April Wed 11 April 0 12:00 AM 6:00 AM 12:00 PM 6:00 PM 12:00 AM 6:00 AM 12:00 PM 6:00 PM 12:00 AM 4 ESS grid-feeding Real Power (kW) with Storage Real Power (kW) without Storage 3kW / ESS (12kW total) 9kW: 4pm – 7:20pm 3kW: 7pm – 10:20pm Monday-Friday
Results – Effect of Energy Storage Effect of Storage on Grid Real Power 120 Off-Peak Hot Water Systems 100 80 kW 60 40 20 Friday 6 April Saturday 7 April Sunday 8 April Monday 9 April Tuesday 10 April Wed 11 April Thursday 12 April Fri 13 Apr 0 12:00 AM 3:30 AM 7:00 AM 10:30 AM 2:00 PM 5:30 PM 9:00 PM 12:30 AM 4:00 AM 7:30 AM 11:00 AM 2:30 PM 6:00 PM 9:30 PM 1:00 AM 4:30 AM 8:00 AM 11:30 AM 3:00 PM 6:30 PM 10:00 PM 1:30 AM 5:00 AM 8:30 AM 12:00 PM 3:30 PM 7:00 PM 10:30 PM 2:00 AM 5:30 AM 9:00 AM 12:30 PM 4:00 PM 7:30 PM 11:00 PM 2:30 AM 6:00 AM 9:30 AM 1:00 PM 4:30 PM 8:00 PM 11:30 PM 3:00 AM 6:30 AM 10:00 AM 1:30 PM 5:00 PM 8:30 PM 12:00 AM 3:30 AM 7:00 AM Real Power (W) with Storage Real Power (W) without Storage 4 ESS grid-feeding 3kW / ESS (12kW total) Embedded Generation 11kW Solar 9kW: 4pm – 7:20pm 11kW Solar 3kW: 7pm – 10:20pm Monday-Friday
Learnings – overall a successful deployment • Employ specialist installers o This has been highly beneficial in the roll-out of systems • Battery system supplier should have real-time access to project data o Open transfer of project data should be established prior to project commencement • Most ESS faults due to power electronics and system issues, not ZBM o Work with utility-qualified System Integrators • Ensure alert system also responds to minor faults o Alert system exists for major faults but minor operational faults have been time-consuming to find • Importance of load study prior to project commencement o Although this is only a demonstration project, peaks on this feeder actually occur during off-peak times
RedFlow - Expanding towards MW-scale
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