American University of Beirut Faculty of Engineering and Architecture Mechanical Engineering Department FINAL YEAR PROJECT PRESENTATION
Automatic Piano Tuning Presented By: Tilbian, Joseph Matossian, Garo Project Supervisor: Prof. A Smaili
Introduction and Problem Statement • Piano tuning, an art and a profession • The “Automatic Piano Tuner” • A precision instrument to tune a piano • No Prior knowledge about tuning needed • Easy to handle • Markets for such an instrument • Household Use • Piano Manufacturing Companies
Literature Review • The Nature of Sound and Music Theory • The Harmonic Series •The Equal Temperament • Tuning Instruments • Design Considerations
Literature Review • The Nature of Sound and Music Theory • The Musical Scale • The Interval
Literature Review The Nature of Sound and Music Theory
Literature Review The Nature of Sound and Music Theory
Literature Review The Harmonic Series
Literature Review The Harmonic Series
Literature Review The Equal Temperament
Literature Review The Equal Temperament • The Ratio between two consecutive semi-tones is 1.0594631
Literature Review Tuning Instruments Auto Chromatic Tuners
Literature Review Tuning Instruments Strobotuners
Literature Review • Design Considerations • Design of an Instrument that hears, analyses, and controls • The Microphone • The Micro Controller • The Tuning Gun
Proposed Solution Procedure • Closed Loop Feedback Control System • The Microphone and Interface Circuit • The Micro Controller • The Tuning Gun
Proposed Solution Procedure Closed Loop Feedback Control System
The Sample Scale
Proposed Solution Procedure • The Microphone and Interface Circuit • Piezoelectric Microphone • Low Noise Dual Pre-Amp IC ( LM387A)
Proposed Solution Procedure The Microphone
Proposed Solution Procedure The Microphone
Proposed Solution Procedure The Microphone
Proposed Solution Procedure • The Micro Controller • Sequence of Events • Capture and Compare Module • Tuning Gun Control • LCD Control
Proposed Solution Procedure The Micro Controller • Sequence of Events • Instrument turned on, welcome message displayed • Note to be tuned displayed • User can scroll up and down the scale • User can tune a selected note by pressing a button • User alerted when note is being tuned and tuned • Note tuned next note in the scale is displayed •Sequence repeated until all notes are tuned
Proposed Solution Procedure The Micro Controller • Capture and Compare Module • Measure the period of the acoustic signal • Compare the period of the captured signal to a reference value • If values match, note is in tune • If values are not equal, Motor activated • Capture and compare module repeated until values match.
Proposed Solution Procedure The Micro Controller - Capture and Compare
Proposed Solution Procedure The Micro Controller - Capture and Compare
Proposed Solution Procedure The Micro Controller - Capture and Compare
Proposed Solution Procedure The Micro Controller - Capture and Compare
Proposed Solution Procedure The Micro Controller - Capture and Compare • Capture the signal from falling edge to falling edge • Allocate memory locations • Capture and compare
Proposed Solution Procedure The Micro Controller - Capture and Compare
Proposed Solution Procedure The Micro Controller - Capture and Compare
Proposed Solution Procedure The Micro Controller - Capture and Compare
Proposed Solution Procedure The Micro Controller - Capture and Compare If CCPRESH < CCPVALH, this implies that the frequency of the processed signal is higher than that of the preset value. The controller should rotate the motor counter-clockwise to decrease the frequency of the string. If CCPRESH > CCPVALH, this implies that the frequency of the processed signal is lower than that of the preset value. The controller should rotate the motor clockwise to increase the frequency of the string. If CCPRESH = CCPVALH, this implies that we have to compare the lower bytes.
Proposed Solution Procedure The Micro Controller - Capture and Compare If CCPRESL < CCPVALL, this implies that the frequency of the processed signal is higher than that of the preset value. The controller should rotate the motor counter-clockwise to decrease the frequency of the string. If CCPRESL > CCPVALL, this implies that the frequency of the processed signal is lower than that of the preset value. The controller should rotate the motor clockwise to increase the frequency of the string. If CCPRESL = CCPVALL, this implies that the string has been tuned to the desired frequency, and we can move to tuning another string.
Proposed Solution Procedure The Micro Controller - Capture and Compare • Case of notes bellow 76.1788 Hz • Addition of a Prescaler
Proposed Solution Procedure The Micro Controller • Tuning Gun Control • Control a DC motor by a Dual H-Bridge Drive (L298N) • Direction of motor decided by the result of the comparison. • Direction Control by 3 Pins
Proposed Solution Procedure The Micro Controller • LCD Control • 2 lines , 20 characters • Controlled by 11 pins • The LCD guides the user
Proposed Solution Procedure • The Tuning Gun • The Torque • The Rotational Speed • The Motor • Worm Gearing • The Tuning Tool
Proposed Solution Procedure The Tuning Gun - The Torque The Torque Wrench
Proposed Solution Procedure The Tuning Gun - The Torque
Proposed Solution Procedure The Tuning Gun - The Rotational Speed
Proposed Solution Procedure The Tuning Gun - The Rotational Speed
Proposed Solution Procedure The Tuning Gun - The Rotational Speed
Proposed Solution Procedure The Tuning Gun - The Tuning Tool
Proposed Solution Procedure The Tuning Gun - The Motor
Proposed Solution Procedure The Tuning Gun - Worm Gearing
Proposed Solution Procedure The Tuning Gun
Results and Discussion Packaging
Results and Discussion Packaging
Results and Discussion Packaging
Results and Discussion • How to use the instrument • How to use the tuning gun
Results and Discussion • Manufacturing Considerations
Conclusion • Revolutionize the art of tuning pianos • Modeled to tune any acoustic or electric musical instrument
Automatic Piano Tuning Thank You!
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