EXPANDING CHOICES NOT CHANCE Equitable Ageing from A Life-Cycle - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

EXPANDING CHOICES NOT CHANCE

Equitable Ageing from A Life-Cycle Approach

Marcela Suazo Country Director, UNFPA Thailand

NextGen Ageing: Shaping a Smart Future for an Ageing Society 07/11/2018

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OLDER PERSONS EXPECT TO LIVE LONGER AND HAVE FEWER ADULT CHILDREN AS POTENTIAL SUPPORT IN OLD AGE

 In 2015, there were 5.5 people in working ages (15-59 years) for each older person aged 60+ years, with considerable variations among countries (India: 7, China: 4.4, Japan: 1.6)  By 2050, there will be 2.3 working age people for each older person in Asia and potential dependency will be lower in many countries

Source: United Nations Population Division, World Population Prospects, 2017

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WHAT ARE THE TRENDS IN ASIA?

Before mid-century the elderly will outnumber children  By 2050, there will be more elderly persons (60+ years) than children (0–14)  By 2100, elderly persons will be more than double the 0-14 children

Source: United Nations Population Division, World Population Prospects, 2017

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• Asian countries are at

different stages of demographic transition and have different patterns of ageing

• Besides median age, we also
• bserve variation in other

important factors such as:

• ld-age dependency ratio,

life expectancy, % of old- age groups (e.g. 65+, 80+, centenarians, etc.)

INITIAL STAGE Median age below 23 MIDDLE STAGE Median age between 23-35 ADVANCED STAGE Median age above 35

Afghanistan Nepal China Timor-Leste Cambodia Australia Solomon Island Philippines Macao Samoa Bangladesh New Zealand Papua New Guinea Maldives Thailand Tonga India Taiwan Micronesia Bhutan Singapore Lao PDR Magnolia South Korea Vanuatu Fiji Hong Kong Kiribati Myanmar Japan Pakistan Indonesia Malaysia Iran Viet Nam Brunei Darussalam Sri Lanka DPR Korea

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ASIA: SHORT TIME TO PREPARE AND SET SYSTEMS IN PLACE

Years required for ageing rate to rise from 7% to 14%

Note : The year to the left of the bar designates the year in which the percentage of the population aged 65 and above (aging rate) reached 7%; the number to the right of the bar designates the year when the aging rate attained 14%. The number on the bar designates the years required for that increase. Source : Hungary by Kinsella and Wan He (2009); Kazakhstan, Vietnam, India, and Indonesia calculated using UN (2015) and others by IPSS (2016)

Pace of ageing in many Asian countries is much faster compared to what developed countries experienced in the past

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GENDER ASPECTS OF AGEING

Older populations have a predominantly female face

 Despite gains in men survival, older population will remain predominantly female which requires specific policies and programs – health, living arrangements, support Sex Ratio among Older Persons in Asia, 2000 - 2050

48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 2000 2025 2050

Female as % of 60+

World East Asia S.E. Asia South Asia 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 2000 2025 2050

Female as % of 80+

World East Asia S.E. Asia South Asia

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2025 Thailand’s Population 68 millions

2084 45 million 2100 40 million 2018 67 millions ASEAN’s Population 625 millions

2062 ASEAN’s Population 794.5 millions

2100 754 million 2065 < 60 millions

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Source: United Nations Population Division, World Population Prospects, 2017

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Source: United Nations Population Division, World Population Prospects, 2017

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Source: Adapted from WHO World Report on Ageing and Health 2015

TAKING A LIFE CYCLE APPROACH TOWARDS AGEING L I F E S T A G E S

Childhood Youth Adult life Older age

• Good nutrition

& health care/ Promoting physical activity

• ------------------
• -----------------------
• -------------------------------------------
• -------------------------------------------

NCDs prevention/early detection Planning for older age, including dignified end-of-life & palliative care--------------------------------------

• Early

stimulation & quality education-----

• Continuing

education / Vocational training--------

• Formal and

informal learning

• pportunities
• Decent work

& livelihood

• Age-

appropriate employment

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