EU- - ACP ECONOMI C ACP ECONOMI C EU PARTNERSHI P PARTNERSHI P - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

EU Delegation, Geneva

EU EU-

• ACP ECONOMI C

ACP ECONOMI C PARTNERSHI P PARTNERSHI P AGREEMENTS ( EPA) AGREEMENTS ( EPA)

Michaela Dodini, 24 March 2010

EU Delegation, Geneva

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND

• Need for W TO com patible trade regim e
• Previous preferential trade regim e did not

produce trade integration by ACP

• EC developm ent policy prom oting integration
• f DC in w orld econom y

EU Delegation, Geneva

PURPOSE of PURPOSE of EPAs EPAs

• Overall objective: Sustainable developm ent
• Specific objective: I ntegration of partners

into w orld econom y; regional integration; core governance standards

• Result: developm ent-friendly trade regim e
• Necessary condition: W TO com patibility

( reciprocal, covering substantially all trade but asym m etrical and gradual: no offensive EU interest) ; ow nership

EU Delegation, Geneva

W hat is the developm ent dim ension of W hat is the developm ent dim ension of EPAs EPAs ? ?

• Market access for goods: I ntegration into

w orld econom y=

• Cheaper im ports of production factors=
• ...and services: m odern production relies on

services=

• Rules: Creation of larger regional m arkets w ith

stable, predictable and unique rules=

+ Exports + Competitiveness + FDI

EU Delegation, Geneva

W hat is the developm ent dim ension of W hat is the developm ent dim ension of EPAs EPAs ? ?

• Asym m etry and gradualism
• Developm ent co-operation ( Aid for Trade)
• New co-operation areas, e.g. innovation and

research

• Full respect of core labour, social and

environm ental standards, good governance

• Countries m aintain flexibilities

EU Delegation, Geneva

COVERAGE of COVERAGE of EPAs EPAs

• TRADE I N GOODS
• RULES OF ORI GI N
• SAFEGUARDS
• CUSTOMS AND TRADE FACI LI TATI ON
• TECHNI CAL BARRI ERS TO TRADE
• SANI TARY AND PHYTOSANI TARY MEASURES
• DEVELOPMENT CO-OPERATI ON

Features of most EPA

EU Delegation, Geneva

COVERAGE of COVERAGE of EPAs EPAs

• SERVI CES including E-COMMERCE
• I NVESTMENT
• TRADE RELATED I SSUES ( “Rules”)
• I nnovation
• I ntellectual property

confirm international agreem ents

• Com petition

transparency requirem ents

• Public procurem ent

support regional integration

• Environm ent

inform ation/ adm inistrative coop. requirem ents

• Social aspects

co-operation priorities

• Personal data protection
• Regional preference

Depending on region’s expressed interest

EU Delegation, Geneva

REGI ONAL I NTEGRATI ON REGI ONAL I NTEGRATI ON

• EPAs are the trade pillar of a broader

strategy to support regional integration

• Common aim is to conclude com prehensive,

regional EPAs

• But can only support regional integration,

not create it

EU Delegation, Geneva

Regional Aid for Trade Packages

• Indicative programming from the European Development

Fund: m ore than € 7 bn in Aid for Trade for 2 0 0 8 -1 3 (of which €1.4bn at regional level). Additional funds from EU MS

• Regional ACP Aid for Trade package
• > regional level needs assessment including national needs
• > m apping out of activities, define implementing agencies,

costs

• > prioritisation, planning in time
• > bring in EU MS and other donors to fill financing gaps
• Regional organisations to take lead/ ow nership
• I nvolve national authorities & private sector adequately

EU Delegation, Geneva

EPA EBA GSP

Caribbean

( signed & provisionally applied, ratified by EP)

Antigua & Barbuda Baham as Barbados Belize Dom inica Dom inican Republic Grenada Guyana Jam aica St Kitts & Nevis St Lucia St Vinc. & Gren. Surinam Trinidad &Tob. Haiti

Pacific

Papua New Guinea

( signed)

Fiji

( signed)

East Timor Kiribati Samoa Salomon Islands Tuvalu Vanuatu Cook I slands Tonga Marshall I slands Niue Micronesia Palau Nauru

EU Delegation, Geneva

EPA EBA GSP

W est Africa

Côte d’I voire ( signed &

provisionally applied, ratified by EP)

Ghana ( signature

pending)

Benin Burkina Faso Cape Verde Gambia Guinea Guinea Bissau Liberia Mali Mauritania Niger Senegal Sierra Leone Togo Nigeria

SADC

{ see footnote on South Africa}

Botsw ana ( signed) Lesotho ( signed) Nam ibia ( not signed) Mozambique ( signed) Sw aziland ( signed) Angola

EU Delegation, Geneva

EPA EBA GSP

Central Africa

Cam eroon ( signed) Central African Rep. DR Congo (Kinshasa) Chad Equatorial Guinea São Tome Gabon

• Rep. Congo

( Brazzaville)

Eastern / Southern Africa

EAC ESA Burundi Comoros Kenya Madagascar ( signed) Rwanda Mauritius ( signed) Tanzania Seychelles ( signed) Uganda Zim babw e ( signed) Djibouti Eritrea Ethiopia Malawi Somalia Sudan Zambia

Non-LDC’s are shown in bold and South Africa is not included as its TDCA trade regime is unaffected by the expiry of the Cotonou agreement

EU Delegation, Geneva Monitoring and review

• All EPAs will include provisions for

m onitoring and review (precise shape to be decided by joint institutions- eg Cariforum

• pted for civil society and Parliamentary

involvement)

• EPAs need to remain flexible, while

preserving legal certainty and predictability (discussion, no automatic triggers)

EU Delegation, Geneva

Alternatives to EPAs?

• I ssue w as closely exam ined jointly with

ACP partners

• No W TO com patible alternatives granting

equivalent access and development benefits

• LDCs have access to DFQF under EBA (but

may lose out from improved RoO, better rules for business, cheaper imports..) = > some LDC have signed EPAs