Era V; Unit 6 WHII.6 Asia 1500- 1800CE text in orange is for notes - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Era V; Unit 6 WHII.6 Asia 1500- 1800CE text in orange is for notes - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Era V; Unit 6 WHII.6 Asia 1500- 1800CE text in orange is for notes Analyze this primary source: znik Tiles from Topkapi Topkapi Palace in stanbul , Turkey, was the residence of the Ottoman sultans for hundreds of years. Today, it is a

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Era V; Unit 6

WHII.6 Asia 1500- 1800CE

text in orange is for notes

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Analyze this primary source:

İznik Tiles from Topkapi Topkapi Palace in İstanbul, Turkey, was the residence of the Ottoman sultans for hundreds of years. Today, it is a museum where the artistic treasures

  • f the sultans are on view.

Many of the rooms are lined with exquisite ceramic tiles like these from İznik, which was the center of Turkish pottery.

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The student will apply social science skills to understand the political, cultural, geographic, and economic conditions in Asia from about 1500 A.D. (C.E) to about 1800 A.D. (C.E) by

  • a) locating Asian empires in time and place

and identifying major geographic features;

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Identify places by number:

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Asian Empires from about 1500 A.D. (C.E.) to about 1800 A.D. (C.E.)

  • Map and take notes on these places:

– Ottoman Empire – Mughal Empire – Chinese dynasties – Japanese shogunate

  • On this map
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Eurasia

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Ottoman Empire

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Mughal Empire

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Major Geographic Features of Asia

  • Also draw and/ or label:

– Asia Minor – Indian subcontinent – Himalayan Mountains – Indian Ocean – South China Sea – Arabian Peninsula

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Eurasia

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The student will apply social science skills to understand the political, cultural, geographic, and economic conditions in Asia from about 1500 A.D. (C.E) to about 1800 A.D. (C.E) by

  • b) describing the location and development
  • f social and cultural patterns of the Ottoman

Empire;

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  • I. Ottoman Empire
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Battle Between the Turks and Christians

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Original location of the Ottoman Empire= Asia Minor

Asia Minor

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Ottoman Empire

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  • A. Expansion and Extent of the Ottoman

Empire

  • 1. Southwest Asia
  • 2. Southeastern Europe, Balkan Peninsula
  • 3. North Africa

Southwest Asia Southeastern Europe Balkan Peninsula North Africa

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  • B. Development of the Ottoman Empire
  • 1. Capital at Constantinople renamed Istanbul
  • 2. Islam= unifying force (Islamic religion as a

unifying force that accepted other religions)

  • 3. Trade in coffee and ceramics

a) 1500s- Europe is introduced to coffee b) So is the Ottoman Empire! c) Import coffee d) Export ceramics

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  • C. Social and Cultural Patterns
  • 1. Hagia Sophia
  • 2. Mosques and religious complexes built by

Sinan

1490- 1588 chief Ottoman architect and civil engineer for the Sultans More than 300 projects (mosques and schools)

  • 3. Developments in architecture, calligraphy,

manuscript painting, textiles, and ceramics

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CERAMICS

  • 16th-century

Turkish mug- during the Ottoman Empire

  • The floral and

calligraphic designs are similar to those found in most Islamic art

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Suleiman the Magnificent

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The student will apply social science skills to understand the political, cultural, geographic, and economic conditions in Asia from about 1500 A.D. (C.E) to about 1800 A.D. (C.E) by

  • c) describing the location and development
  • f social and cultural patterns of India, with

emphasis on the Mughal Empire and coastal trade;

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  • II. Mughal India
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  • A. Location of the Mughal Empire
  • North India (at its greatest extent- c. 1700CE)
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  • B. Contributions of Mughal rulers
  • 1. Spread of Islam into India
  • 2. Art and architecture: Taj Mahal
  • 3. Establishment of European trading outposts
  • 4. Influence of Indian textiles on British textile

industry

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Contributions of Mughal rulers

  • Mongol descendents…

– Central Asian descendents

  • f the great Mongol

warriors Ghengis Khan and Timur (Tamerlane)

  • began in 1526, invaded and

ruled most of South Asia by the late 17th and early 18th centuries by forming alliance with Indian Maharaja, and ended in the mid-19th century

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Mughal Empire

  • founded by the

Mongol leader Babur in 1526

  • he defeated Ibrahim

Lodi, the last of the Afghan Lodi Sultans at the First Battle of Panipat, where they used gunpowder for the first time in India

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"Shah jahan on a globe"

  • Commissioned the

Taj Mahal for his wife

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Mughal India

  • INFLUENCE OF INDIAN TEXTILES ON BRITISH

TEXTILE INDUSTRY:

  • Good for Britain

–Less expensive cotton than from the American South

  • Bad for India

–They start growing cotton instead of food- leads to starvation –One of the downfalls of the Mughal Empire

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  • C. Trade with European nations
  • 1. Portugal, England, and

the Netherlands competed for the Indian Ocean trade by establishing coastal ports on the Indian subcontinent.

  • 2. Southern India traded

silks, spices, and gems

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joint stock companies

  • acted on behalf of European governments in Asia
  • private mercantilist tools with a guarantied trade

monopoly in exchange of rights paid to their respective governments

  • almost states by themselves with their own ships

(military and merchant) and military forces

  • initial goal was to develop trade links for prized

commodities such as pepper and as time progressed they became increasingly involved in the control and development of their respective territories

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joint stock companies

  • Dutch East India Company, Trade Network,

17th Century

  • The Dutch East India Company (VOC)

– founded in 1602 – often considered as the first true multinational corporation

  • East India Trading Company= British

counterpart

– came to rule large swathes of India, exercising military power and assuming administrative functions

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The student will apply social science skills to understand the political, cultural, geographic, and economic conditions in Asia from about 1500 A.D. (C.E) to about 1800 A.D. (C.E) by

  • d) describing the location and development
  • f social and cultural patterns of China, with

emphasis on the Qing (Manchu) dynasty ;

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  • III. China
  • A. Imperial policy of controlling foreign influences

and trade

  • 1. Creation of foreign enclaves to control trade
  • 2. Increase in European demand for Chinese

goods (tea, porcelain)

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Silk

  • In the 2600s BC, people in China begin weaving

fibers from silkworm cocoons into fabric.

  • Silk soon becomes a major trade item.
  • China keeps the silk-making process a secret until

about AD 550.

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Chinese Create First True Porcelain

  • The first true porcelain, translucent stoneware, is

made in China during the Tang dynasty.

  • Tang craftsmen also perfect a three-color glaze that

is so popular it becomes a staple Chinese trade item.

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  • B. Manchu
  • 1. The Qing dynasty or empire, also called the

Manchu dynasty or empire was the last imperial dynasty of China, ruling from 1644 to 1912

  • It was preceded by the Ming Dynasty
  • 2. Succeeded by the Republic of China
  • The Qing, or Manchu, was a multi-cultural empire
  • It lasted almost three centuries and formed the

territorial base for the modern Chinese state

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China 1600- 1900

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Zheng He

  • 1405-1431 seven

voyages of exploration

  • first- approx. 28,000

men sailed 62 ships

  • brought great profits
  • worried Confucian

traditionalists

  • trade= unworthy

activity

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Visitors to China

  • 1514 Portuguese trading fleet arrives off China coast
  • Chinese emperor unimpressed!

– Europeans= barbarians – Expelled Portuguese from Guangzhou (Canton) – Allowed to occupy Macao

  • Jesuits

– Impressed Chinese with devices such as clocks and eyeglasses – Jesuits impressed by Chinese architecture and book printing – Exchange of ideas

  • Jesuits impressed by the teachings of Confuscius
  • Jesuits teach Christianity to Chinese
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Qing dynasty

  • Qing government sold trade

privileges to Europeans

  • limited contact

– confined traders to a small island (foreign enclaves) – traders could stay there only for certain months of the year

  • 1793 Lord George Macartney

tried for more trade

  • Chinese emperor told King

George III that China had not need of “your country’s manufacturers.”

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China rejects the manufactures of Britain

  • China was wary of foreign influences
  • Confucian traditionalism
  • Emperor was insulted that such a great dynasty would be

thought to need anything from foreign countries

  • China can get by on its own
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Opium Wars

  • Second half of the Qing dynasty
  • Western powers reaped huge profits by importing

the addictive drug opium into China

  • China’s efforts to curb the opium trade were

unsuccessful and led to defeats in the First and Second Opium Wars

  • (1839-1842, 1856-1860)
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Opium Wars- China cedes Hong Kong to Britain

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By 1890, it is estimated that over 15 million Chinese were addicted to opium.

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Manchu Dynasty

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CxhskEPNlh0

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The student will apply social science skills to understand the political, cultural, geographic, and economic conditions in Asia from about 1500 A.D. (C.E) to about 1800 A.D. (C.E) by

  • e) describing the location and development
  • f social and cultural patterns in Japan, with

emphasis on the Japanese shogunate; and

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  • IV. Japan
  • A. Characterized by a powerless emperor

controlled by a military leader (shogun)

  • B. Adopted policy of isolation to limit foreign

influences

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rRzBKZrqQQk

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Mount Fuji, Japan (Tokyo)

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a powerless Emperor- shogun rule

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Minamoto Yoritomo

  • Japan’s first shogun
  • established a feudal military administration
  • set the pattern for governmental structure in

Japan

  • until the Meiji restoration of 1868
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Tokugawa Ieyasu

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Castle of the White Crane

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Japanese trade- post 1500 CE

  • Europeans in Japan (Portuguese 1543)
  • Regular trade with Japan, China, and Southeast

Asia

  • Japanese welcomed visitors

– tobacco – clocks – eyeglasses – rulers interested in European weapons

  • Jesuits

– Francis Xavier 1549 – thousands convert to Christianity

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firearms

  • arrival of the Portuguese

– the Japanese learned the use of firearms – soon began to manufacture themselves

  • firearms decisively changed the face of Japanese

warfare – horse-riding warrior obsolete

  • had dominated the battlefield for centuries
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native Shinto faith (portable shrine)

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Tokugawa Ieyasu expels missionaries and merchants

  • Jesuits would destroy shrines
  • Jesuits expelled
  • Japanese Christians persecuted
  • European merchants expelled
  • only a small Dutch presence permitted

– Nagasaki- only once a year – 2 or 3 months

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isolation to limit foreign influence

  • 1630s the shogunate issued a series of decrees
  • forbidding imports of Christian books
  • prohibiting travel or trade outside the country
  • and forbidding the construction of ocean-going

vessels

  • Christianity= “pernicious doctrine”

(pernicious= causing serious harm)

  • So… the Tokugawa political system successfully

maintained domestic peace until the mid-19th century

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samurai

  • No longer needed as

warriors

  • the samurai instead served

as officials in the shogunal

  • r daimyo governments
  • reading, writing, and

arithmetic- more important skills

  • horsemanship,

swordsmanship, and archery- not so much

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The student will apply social science skills to understand the political, cultural, geographic, and economic conditions in Asia from about 1500 A.D. (C.E) to about 1800 A.D. (C.E) by

  • f) comparing and contrasting the political and

economic systems of Asian empires.

  • V. Compare Each (for graphic organizer)
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  • A. Ottoman Empire
  • 1. Political System: centralized bureaucratic

government ruled by a sultan (political and religious leader)

  • 2. Economic System: Located at the crossroads
  • f trade between Europe and Asia, economy

based on trade and agriculture

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  • B. Mughal Empire
  • 1. Political System: centralized bureaucratic

government ruled by a Muslim emperor

  • 2. Economic System: Dependence on trade

with foreign nations (Europe), economy based on trade and agriculture

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  • C. China
  • 1. Political System: centralized bureaucratic

government ruled by a Qing (Manchu) dynasty emperor

  • 2. Economic System: economy based largely on

agriculture, resistance to trade with European nations

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  • D. Japan
  • Political System: government ruled by a

powerful shogun, had a powerless emperor

  • Economic System: reliance on maritime trade

within the empire, desire to expand to find resources

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Early 1900s

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PRACTICE QUIZ

Number your paper 1- 10

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  • 1. What is the name of the Muslim

empire in India?

  • Ottoman
  • Mughal
  • Dynasty
  • Shogunate
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  • 2. What mountains separate India and

China?

  • Hindu Kush
  • Alps
  • Himalayas
  • Everests
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  • 3. The Ottomans traded which two

commodities?

  • Salt and gold
  • Silk and opium
  • Coffee and ceramics
  • Cotton and gunpowder
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  • 4. The Taj Mahal is best described as

the following:

  • Indian mosque
  • Muslim mausoleum
  • Mughal monastery
  • Hindu temple
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  • 5. Southern India traded…
  • Ceramics and coffee
  • Cotton, coffee, and sugar
  • Textiles and tobacco
  • Silks, spices, and gems
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  • 6. These European nations traded with

India:

  • Russia, Hungary, and Yugoslavia
  • Portugal, Netherlands, and England
  • Ireland, Spain, and France
  • Germany, England, and France
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  • 7. China had this policy concerning

European trade:

  • First come, first served
  • Unlimited interactions utilizing trade ports
  • Utilized opportunity to take advantage
  • Limited trade through use of enclaves
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  • 8. China’s Opium Wars were caused

by:

  • Western powers exporting Opium to the world
  • China resisting western powers bringing

Opium in to China

  • China’s policy of introducing Opium to its

people

  • Chinese powers fighting over control of Opium

trade

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  • 9. Japan’s military leader was called a…
  • Samurai
  • Ninja
  • Emperor
  • Shogun
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  • 10. Japan had this policy concerning

European trade:

  • First come, first served
  • Unlimited interactions utilizing trade ports
  • Utilized opportunity to take advantage
  • Limited trade through isolation
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PRACTICE QUIZ

Now let’s see how well you know some basic facts

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  • 1. What is the name of the Muslim

empire in India?

  • Ottoman
  • Mughal
  • Dynasty
  • Shogunate
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  • 2. What mountains separate India and

China?

  • Hindu Kush
  • Alps
  • Himalayas
  • Everests
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  • 3. The Ottomans traded which two

commodities?

  • Salt and gold
  • Silk and opium
  • Coffee and ceramics
  • Cotton and gunpowder
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  • 4. The Taj Mahal is best described as

the following:

  • Indian mosque
  • Muslim mausoleum
  • Mughal monastery
  • Hindu temple
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  • 5. Southern India traded…
  • Ceramics and coffee
  • Cotton, coffee, and sugar
  • Textiles and tobacco
  • Silks, spices, and gems
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  • 6. These European nations traded with

India:

  • Russia, Hungary, and Yugoslavia
  • Portugal, Netherlands, and England
  • Ireland, Spain, and France
  • Germany, England, and France
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  • 7. China had this policy concerning

European trade:

  • First come, first served
  • Unlimited interactions utilizing trade ports
  • Utilized opportunity to take advantage
  • Limited trade through use of enclaves
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  • 8. China’s Opium Wars were caused

by:

  • Western powers exporting Opium to the world
  • China resisting western powers bringing

Opium in to China

  • China’s policy of introducing Opium to its

people

  • Chinese powers fighting over control of Opium

trade

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  • 9. Japan’s military leader was called a…
  • Samurai
  • Ninja
  • Emperor
  • Shogun
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  • 10. Japan had this policy concerning

European trade:

  • First come, first served
  • Unlimited interactions utilizing trade ports
  • Utilized opportunity to take advantage
  • Limited trade through isolation