ENACTING THE ACT FOR THE CITIES BY TRANSDISCIPLINARY APPROACH - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

ENACTING THE ACT FOR THE CITIES BY TRANSDISCIPLINARY APPROACH

Presented by

• Prof. Dr. Jiba Raj Pokharel

NEPAL

• Nepal was a sea(part of

Tethy Sea) in the millions years ago

• The tectonic movement

began and what was a sea transformed into the likes of mountain Everest

NEPAL

• Nepal is sandwiched between

India and China

• It is marked by

– Fragile geology – Steep terrain – Excessive monsoon rain followed by dry weather – Unplanned settlements

• All these have contributed for

the occurrence of disasters

– Fire – Landslides – Flood – Earthquake

ENACTING THE ACT

• Nepal enacted Disaster

Risk Reduction Act entitled The Calamity Relief Act in 1982

• It was the first country

in the region to have such an Act.

• It however focused on

Post Disaster phenomenon

• After the earthquake of

2015 April, the country has enacted a new act known as the Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act

District Disaster Management Committee

Chief District Officer Chairman

Executive Committee

Home Minister Chairman

National Council for Disaster Risk Reduction and Management

Prime Minister Chairperson

Local Disaster Management Committee Mayor Urban /Rural Municipality Chairman P O L I C Y P L A N N I N G P E R F O R M A N C E

National Council for Disaster Risk Reduction and Management a Prime Minister Chairp erson

(b) Ministers of Government of Nepal looking after the portfolios of Finance, Supplies, Agricultural Development, Home Affairs, Physical Infrastructure and Transports, Women, Children and Social Welfare, Defense, Forests and Soil Conservation, Education, Urban Development, Irrigation, Information and Communication, Federal Affairs and Local Development Members (c) Leader of Opposition in the House of Representatives Member (d) Chief Ministers of all Provinces Member (e) Chief Secretary of Government of Nepal Member (f) Chief of the Army Staffs, Nepali Army Member (g) Secretary of the Ministry Member (h) Three persons including one women nominated by the Council from amongst persons having expertise in disaster management Member (i) Executive Chief Member- Secretary

Executive Committee

(a) Home Minister of Government of Nepal Chairperso n (b) Ministers of Urban Development, Health and Federal Affairs and Local Development Members (c) Secretaries of Ministries of Finance; Supplies; Industry; Agricultural Development; Home Affairs; Population and Environment; Foreign Affairs; Physical Infrastructure; Women, Children and Social Welfare; Defense; Forest and Soil Conservation, Science and Technology, Education, Federal Affairs and Local Development, Urban Development, Irrigation, and Health Members (d) Secretary, Office of the Prime Minister and Council of Ministers Member (e) Lieutenant General, Nepal Army Member (f) Chiefs of Nepal Police, Armed Police Force and of National Investigation Department Members (g) Executive Director, Nepal Rastra Bank Member (h) Chairperson, Nepal Telecommunications Authority Member (i) Member-Secretary, Social Welfare Council Member (j) Chairperson, Nepal Chamber of Commerce Member (k) Chairperson, Nepal Red Cross Society Member (l) Chairperson, Federation of Nepalese Chambers of Commerce and Industry Member (m) Executive Chief Member- Secretary

District Disaster Management Committee

(a) Chief District Officer (CDO) Chairperso n (b) Representative of the District Coordination Committee Member (c) Chairpersons and Mayors of local levels in the district Member (d) Chief of the health office at the district Member (e) Chiefs of the security agencies in the district Member (f) Heads of the offices working in infrastructure and social development Member (g) District Chiefs or representatives of nationally recognized political parties Member (h) District Chief Nepal Red Cross Society Member (i) District Chief of NGOs Federation Member (j) District Chief of Federation of Nepalese Journalists (FNJ) Member (k) District Chief of Federation of Nepalese Chambers of Commerce and Industry (FNCCI) Member (l) An officer designated by the Chief District Officer Member- Secretary

TRANSDISCIPLINARY APPROACH (Thompson et al 2017)

• Transdisciplinary concepts

emerged at early as the 1960s and ‘70s,

• Few projects have

managed to demonstrate enduring, institutionalized transdisciplinarity (Mittelstrass, 2011; Lang et al., 2012; Brandt et al., 2013; Weichselgartner and Truffer, 2015)

• Conceptually,

transdisciplinarity aims to foster meaningful knowledge co-production through integrative and participatory processes

• It seeks to bring together

diverse actors, disciplines, and knowledge bases.

• In practice,

transdisciplinarity is more ambiguous

TRANSDISCIPLINARY APPROACH (Thompson et al 2017)

• A diverse group of actors (n=

42) embarking on a 10-year transdisciplinary research project focused on building resilience to natural hazards and disasters in New Zealand

• Collectively, participants

agreed with adopting transdisciplinary approaches to natural hazard, risk, and resilience research, with stakeholders showing a stronger degree of agreement than scientists

• Early actors in the project

collectively agreed with adopting transdisciplinary approaches to natural hazard, risk, and resilience research.

• Stakeholders, in particular,

strongly agreed, and see transdisciplinary approaches as a way to create useful solutions to societal problems in practice.

ENACTING ACT FOR THE CITIES BY TRANSDISCIPLINARY APPROACH

• This approach is characterized

by (TSAO et al)

– Legislation – Specialist Training – Hazard mapping – Warning – Evacuation Drill

• New Act Enacted in the year

2018

• The LDMC chaired by the

mayor looks after the cities

• The LDMC has the authority

– To train local level officials, employees, volunteers, social mobilizers, and communities

• n disaster management

– To develop and operate disaster management information system and prior warning system at the local level – To conduct and get conducted emergency mock exercises for countering disasters

FIRE

• Nepal is suffering heavily

through fire every year

• A fire of 8th century has

been recorded in history

• 18% of houses in Nepal

use thatch as a roofing material (NLSS,2010)

• The losses due to fire

– 59 Deaths in 2013 (NDR,2015) – 1101 Deaths from 1971- 2007 (GAR, 2009)

FIRE

• Very little is being done

from the Government apart from distributing reliefs after the fire

• Nepal Academy of

Science and Technology is however promoting one fire resistant technology

• The science is that this

technology does not let convection to take place

DIFFERENT STAGES

TRADITIONAL TECHNOLOGIES

• Sendai Framework for

DRR 2015-30

– Priority 1: Understanding Disaster Risk

• (i) Ensure the use of

traditional, indigenous and local knowledge and practices ・・・・・

• DRRM Act

– Functions, duties and Power of Authority

• To conduct or cause to be

conducted studies and researches on modern and traditional technologies including geo-science, seismology, hydrology and meteorology, geographical information system, remote-sensing system, prior-warning system for disaster risks reduction and to adopt appropriate technology

Consistent with new act and global policy (Sendai Framework) Leading sector National Science Academy: Developing the indigenous technologies Indigenous knowledge And Innovation

Train the villagers to promote the fire resistance roof

Process of making the indigenous technology

Outcome

Outcome

Indigenous technologies that can be implemented by the local community and local resources Supports Promotion by Village leaders

THANKS Senro Kuraoka Google any questions ?