Transdisciplinary Collaboration: A Key to Success in Global Health - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Transdisciplinary Collaboration: A Key to Success in Global Health - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Transdisciplinary Collaboration: A Key to Success in Global Health GloCal Career Development Webinar Series November 20, 2019 Jonna Mazet, DVM, MPVM, PhD Topics covered Transdisciplinary collaboration in Working across Working in One

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Jonna Mazet, DVM, MPVM, PhD Transdisciplinary Collaboration: A Key to Success in Global Health

GloCal Career Development Webinar Series

November 20, 2019

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Topics covered

Working in One Health Working across cultures Transdisciplinary collaboration in international settings

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Background

Education and Training

  • UC Davis, BS, Veterinary Science
  • UC Davis, DVM, Wildlife Medicine
  • UC Davis, MPVM, Infectious Disease Epidemiology
  • UC Davis, PhD, Epidemiology

Current Position

  • Professor of Epidemiology and Disease Ecology, UC Davis
  • Affiliate, Institute for Global Health Sciences, UC San Francisco
  • Executive Director, One Health Institute, UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine
  • Director, USAID One Health Workforce – Next Generation
  • Chair, One Health Action Collaborative, National Academy of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

https://www.ucdavis.edu/news/whats-killing-sea-otters-scientists-pinpoint-parasite-strain

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Definition of One Health

“A collaborative, multisectoral, and trans-disciplinary approach — working at the local, regional, national, and global levels — with the goal of achieving optimal health

  • utcomes recognizing the interconnection between

people, animals, plants, and their shared environment.”

  • CDC One Health Office, Department of Interior, USDA definition

https://www.cdc.gov/onehealth/basics/index.html

Animal Human Environment Animal Human Environment Plant

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“the collaborative efforts of multiple disciplines – working locally, nationally, and globally – to achieve the best health for people, animals, plants, and our environment ”

adapted from US CDC 2018

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On One Health

  • One Health – new phrase, but ancient concept: environmental factors and

human health – Hippocrates

  • Lancisi (1654–1720), epidemiologist, physician & veterinarian; role of

environment in disease spread; advocated mosquito nets for prevention of malaria

  • German physician and pathologist Virchow (1821–1902) coined "...between

animal and human medicine there are no dividing lines – nor should there be”

  • Steele, DVM, established veterinary public health PHS/CDC (1947)
  • "One Medicine” promoted by Calvin W. Schwabe (1927–2006)
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Avian Influenza West Nile

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One Health Interface

  • Majority of emerging infectious

diseases (EIDs) in people are of animal origin (zoonotic)

  • 75% of emerging zoonoses have

wildlife origins

  • Human activities at the interface

linked to EIDs (Nipah virus, SARS, Ebola)

  • On the order of 3 new infectious

diseases in people each year

Land Use Change & Human Population Growth Increased Contact Between Humans, Livestock, & Wildlife Enhanced Flow of Pathogens Health Risks to Humans, Livestock, & Wildlife Livelihood Impacts & Economic Pressures

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The Challenge

Pre-empt or combat, at their source, the first stage

  • f emergence of zoonotic diseases that pose a

significant threat to public & animal health (potentially pandemic infections)

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Towar ards a p a proac activ tive p e par arad adig igm f for ear early d dis iseas ease d e detec ectio tion and n and re respo ponse

One Health approach to understanding the dynamics of zoonotic virus evolution, spillover from animals to people, amplification, and spread to inform prevention and control

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The Ministries of Health, Agriculture & Environment and Implementing University and NGO Partners in 35 Countries 13

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One Health in Action

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One Health in Action

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High-risk Interfaces

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Viral shedding

Target = zoonotic viruses that causes disease in animals & people

Syndromic surveillance in people to detect potentially zoonotic viruses that cause disease & assess behavioral risk

PREDICT-2 Surveillance Strategy

Early recognition

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potentially zoonotic viruses in wildlife

Evidence-based surveillance strategy

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Smiley Evans et al. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 2015

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Working ing ac across c cul ultur tures es

Training a disease surveillance and detection workforce 24

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Detecting novel & known filoviruses in the three countries most affected by West African Ebola outbreak

Public Health Information Dissemination

Publication

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Making ng t the unk unkno nown k n kno nown

111 viral families recognized to-date infecting all hosts around the globe 24 of these families likely contain zoonotic species ~1.6 million viral species spanning the 24 viral families are estimated to be circulating in mammals and water fowl Of these 500,000 - 800,000 viral species are likely to be of pandemic or epidemic potential To-date a total of 385 viruses are known to have infected humans

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Globa bal Vi Virome Project ( (GVP VP)

GVP viral surveillance and collection

Virus genomic sequence generation

Sequence database

Viral Atlas A comprehensive ecologic and genetic database on all naturally-

  • ccurring viruses

Metadata on viral host range, geographic distribution, epidemiology

Enabling an Enhanced Global Health Tool Box

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One Health Workforce Next Generation

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Working ing in O in One H ne Heal ealth th

  • Findings from One Health workers’ multinational

survey

  • Objective: To collect and analyze perspectives from

students, graduates, workers, and employers in One Health in order to:

  • Understand the benefits of One Health education
  • Identify gaps in the One Health workforce
  • Better understand employers’ needs in One Health

Conducted by individuals from the One Health Action Collaborative, National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine http://nationalacademies.org/hmd/Activities/PublicHealth/microbialthreats/Action- Collaboratives/OHAC.aspx

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  • Ineligible respondents did not proceed to the survey questions.
  • The number of students, graduates, workers, and employers do not add up to the number of total eligible responses, because a respondent could be categorized into more than one group

(student/graduate/worker/employer).

Survey: Respondents

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  • Northern America (60%)
  • Africa (11%)
  • Europe (8%)
  • Eastern and South-Eastern Asia (6%)
  • Latin America and the Caribbean (5%)
  • Central and Southern Asia (3%)
  • Western Asia (1%)
  • Oceania (1%)
  • Total of 828 eligible responses recorded
  • Nov 16, 2018 and Feb 1, 2019
  • 66 countries represented

Survey: Respondents

Further details in upcoming publication(s)

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Many types of employers

Academic institution Local or state government National or federal government International

  • rganization

Non- governmental and/or non-profit

  • rganization

Military Self employment Others 34

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What are the top 6 knowledge or skills that employers look for in a candidate? (n=226)

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  • Interpersonal communication and communication with scientific or non-scientific audiences (61%)

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  • Ability to build, work in, and manage a transdisciplinary team, including addressing conflicts (55%)

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  • Scientific principles that influence complex challenges in health (e.g. biological complexity, genetic

diversity, interactions of systems, etc.) (38%)

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  • Etiology, evolution, and ecology of infectious disease agents (29%)

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  • Program management (27%)

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  • Disease dynamics (24%)

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Recommendations: Students and Early Career Professionals

qSpeak with, and learn from professionals and mentors already working in your field of interest qEvaluate what expertise you would like to bring to an interdisciplinary team qUnderstand that the One Health approach is essential to most jobs within the relevant sectors, even if an

  • pportunity is not explicitly advertised as “One Health”

qBuild program leadership and management skills through practical experiences and coursework

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https://www.freepik.com/free-photos-vectors/background

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Recommendations: One Health workers

q Seek opportunities to work across disciplines and

  • rganizations, and demonstrate your collaborative, team

building skills qDescribe to employers how a One Health approach can enhance the organization’s goals qAvoid the use of jargon or technical terms when communicating in an interdisciplinary team qMake an effort to understand your team members’ expertise, skillset, and baseline knowledge of subject matter

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https://www.freepik.com/free-photos-vectors/background

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Working in One Health

  • You may be required to step out of your comfort zone when

collaborating across diverse disciplines and multiple stakeholders

Potential challenges

  • A transdisciplinary team can address complex challenges and

achieve goals by working together and complementing expertise

Benefits

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http://vetmed.ucdavis.edu/ohi/index.cfm http://www.oie.int/en/for-the-media/onehealth/ https://www.cdc.gov/onehealth/index.html https://www.who.int/features/qa/one-health/en/ http://www.fao.org/ag/againfo/home/en/news_archive/2011 _FAO_in_One_Health.html And many more!

Resources for One Health

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https://rxonehealth.vetmed.ucdavis.edu/ Destination: TANZANIA Dar Es Salaam, Maffia Island, Bagamoyo, Morogoro, Iringa, Ruaha https://rxonehealth.vetmed.ucdavis.edu/ Destination: TANZANIA Dar Es Salaam, Maffia Island, Bagamoyo, Morogoro, Iringa, Ruaha

June 29 - July 24, 2020

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Questions?

jkmazet@ucdavis.edu @JonnaMazet