EDP 613 Fall 2020 Chapter 2 Slides Abhik Roy - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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EDP 613 Fall 2020 Chapter 2 Slides Abhik Roy - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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EDP 613 Fall 2020 Chapter 2 Slides Abhik Roy Abhik.Roy@mail.wvu.edu West Virginia University EDP 613 Fall 2020 p. 1/26 Always Remember! CORRELATION DOES NOT PROVE CAUSATION! EDP 613 Fall 2020 p. 2/26 Example Construct a frequency

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SLIDE 1

EDP 613 Fall 2020

Chapter 2 Slides

Abhik Roy

Abhik.Roy@mail.wvu.edu

West Virginia University

EDP 613 Fall 2020 – p. 1/26

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SLIDE 2

Always Remember!

CORRELATION DOES NOT PROVE CAUSATION!

EDP 613 Fall 2020 – p. 2/26

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SLIDE 3

Example

Construct a frequency table for the numbers of newspapers sold at a local shop over the last 10 days:

22, 20, 18, 23, 20, 25, 22, 20, 18, 20

EDP 613 Fall 2020 – p. 3/26

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SLIDE 4

Example

Construct a relative frequency table for the numbers of newspapers sold at a local shop over the last 10 days:

22, 20, 18, 23, 20, 25, 22, 20, 18, 20

EDP 613 Fall 2020 – p. 4/26

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SLIDE 5

On Your Own

Construct a frequency table for the data below that sampled students and asked the total number of children in their family (including themselves). 2 2 2 4 5 3 3 3 3 2 1 2 3 5 3 4 3 1 2 3 5 3 2 1 3 2

EDP 613 Fall 2020 – p. 5/26

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SLIDE 6

Bar Graph (vertical)

EDP 613 Fall 2020 – p. 6/26

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SLIDE 7

Bar Graph (horizontal)

EDP 613 Fall 2020 – p. 7/26

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SLIDE 8

Pareto chart

EDP 613 Fall 2020 – p. 8/26

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SLIDE 9

Side-by-side Bar Graph

EDP 613 Fall 2020 – p. 9/26

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SLIDE 10

Pie Chart

EDP 613 Fall 2020 – p. 10/26

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SLIDE 11

Example

Make a frequency distribution for the following data, using 5 classes: 5 10 7 19 25 12 15 7 6 8 17 17 22 21 7 7 24 5 6 5

EDP 613 Fall 2020 – p. 11/26

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SLIDE 12

On Your Own

The following table presents the purchase totals (in dollars)

  • f a random sample of gasoline purchases at a convenience
  • store. Construct a frequency distribution using a class width
  • f 10, and using 0 as the lower class limit for the first class.

76.59 48.55 93.66 60.17 39.10 93.28 65.43 34.12 80.41 77.16 80.07 93.46 39.19 43.84 44.70 68.74 89.98 6.97 52.86 68.93

EDP 613 Fall 2020 – p. 12/26

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SLIDE 13

Example

Construct a frequency histogram using the following data using only 5 classes: 5 10 7 19 25 12 15 7 6 8 17 17 22 21 7 7 24 5 6 5

EDP 613 Fall 2020 – p. 13/26

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SLIDE 14

On Your Own

The following table presents the purchase totals (in dollars)

  • f a random sample of gasoline purchases at a convenience
  • store. Construct a frequency histogram using a class width
  • f 10, and using 0 as the lower class limit for the first class.

76.59 48.55 93.66 60.17 39.10 93.28 65.43 34.12 80.41 77.16 80.07 93.46 39.19 43.84 44.70 68.74 89.98 6.97 52.86 68.93

EDP 613 Fall 2020 – p. 14/26

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SLIDE 15

Shapes of Histograms

0.001 0.01 0.1 1 20 40 60 80 100 2 1 1 2 3 50 100 150 200 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 0.05 0.10 0.15

Skewed left Approximately symmetric Skewed right Negatively skewed Normal Positively skewed Long left tail Basically symmetric Long right tail

EDP 613 Fall 2020 – p. 15/26

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SLIDE 16

Modes

A histogram is unimodal if it has one mode.

2 1 1 2 20 40 60 80 100

bimodal if it has two clearly distinct modes.

40 60 80 100 5 10 15 20 25 30

EDP 613 Fall 2020 – p. 16/26

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SLIDE 17

Example

Construct a frequency and a cumulative frequency plot in the following data set: 5 10 7 19 25 12 15 7 6 8 17 17 22 21 7 7 24 5 6 5

EDP 613 Fall 2020 – p. 17/26

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SLIDE 18

On Your Own

The following table presents the purchase totals (in dollars)

  • f a random sample of gasoline purchases at a convenience
  • store. Construct a frequency plot and a

cumulative frequency plot for the following data set: using a class width of 10, and using 0 as the lower class limit for the first class.

76.59 48.55 93.66 60.17 39.10 93.28 65.43 34.12 80.41 77.16 80.07 93.46 39.19 43.84 44.70 68.74 89.98 6.97 52.86 68.93

EDP 613 Fall 2020 – p. 18/26

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SLIDE 19

Frequency Plot

EDP 613 Fall 2020 – p. 19/26

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SLIDE 20

Cumulative Frequency Plot

EDP 613 Fall 2020 – p. 20/26

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SLIDE 21

Example

This data set gives number of staff in an organization. Draw a time-series plot of the data. Year 1 2 3 4 5 6 Total 10 25 40 55 60 65

EDP 613 Fall 2020 – p. 21/26

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SLIDE 22

On Your Own

This data set provides percentage of the US populous and their views on the legalization of marijuana between the years of 1969-2013. Draw a time-series plot of the data. Year 1969 1981 1991 2002 2010 2013 Illegal 84 73 78 61 50 45 Legal 12 24 17 32 45 52

EDP 613 Fall 2020 – p. 22/26

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SLIDE 23

Actual Time Series Plot

EDP 613 Fall 2020 – p. 23/26

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SLIDE 24

Actual Time Series Plot

EDP 613 Fall 2020 – p. 24/26

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SLIDE 25

Comparison

EDP 613 Fall 2020 – p. 25/26

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SLIDE 26

Section 2.4: Graphs Can Be Misleading

That’s it for the problem session! Let’s take a 10 minute break!

EDP 613 Fall 2020 – p. 26/26