edge of root disease center note progressively thinner crowns and - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

edge of root disease center note progressively thinner crowns and shorter heights

Lion’s tailing

Heterobasidion annosum P strain button conks under bark conks inside stumps stringy decay of roots

Heterobasidion annosum P-strain in action at Yosemite village

Heterobasidion annosum S strain on fir ( Abies ) stump

Armillaria Complex of "biological species" mating Species Pathogenicity / Virulence distr. group NABS I A. ostoyae major major pathogen pathogen on conifers, also NA, Eur. attacks hardwoods, large clones NABS NABS VI VI A. mellea major major pathogen pathogen on hardwoods NA, Eur particularly ornamentals, also attacks conifers NABS NABS VII VII A. gallica weak pathogen, but may act as a NA, Eur. ( bulbosa) secondary invader of stressed trees, common in suppressed over mature hardwoods, very large clones A. borealis moderate pathogen, common butt rot Eur of conifers in northern Europe A. cepistipes similar to A . gallica in morphology NA, Eur and behavior, associated with butt rot of conifers in Finland NABS II A. gemina apparently weak pathogen NA NABS III A. calvenscens Observed as a hardwood pathogen in NA the NE NABS V A. sinapina Weak pathogen acts like A . gallica , NA haploids may be more virulent NABS NABS IX IX A. nabsnona Weak pathogen acts like A . gallica , NA haploids may be more virulent NABS X unnamed NA NABS XI unnamed NA bold species are known from California

Armillaria mycelial fan under bark Aerial view of A ostoyea centers Armillaria rhizomorphs

Armillaria mushrooms

Blackstain ( Leptographium wageneri var ponderosae ) in ponderosa pine

L. wageneri var. wageneri L. wageneri var. ponderosae Mesa Verde L. wageneri var. pseudotsugae Blodgett Forest meadow boarder on Mt. Tam

Blackstain: cross-section of Douglas fir On smaller root

Leptographium Mitotic spore state distribution

Bluestain fungi Ophiostoma, Ceratocystis and others

Bluestain fungi Ceratocystis Ophiostoma Perithecia Black Black or white Anamorphs Chalara Phialographium , Leptographium , (asexual states) Trichosporium , & other non-phialidic anamorphs Cell Walls Cellulose -. Rhamnose - Cellulose +. Rhamnose + Sensitivity to + - Cyclo-hexamide

Phellinus weirii aerial view

Phellinus weirii causing a butt rot in Douglas-fir note resinosus

Phellinus weirii furry looking setae Phellinus weirii laminar rot pattern and resupinate fruit body

Phaeolus schweinitzii brown cubic butt-rot

Inonotus triqueter upper surface X-section of fruitbody Lower surface (tubes)

Increment cores showing Little Leaf disease on short leaf pine reduced growth (right) Phytophthora- like zoosporangium