E3T E3T Energy Efficiency Emerging Technologies The Bullitt Center: Energy Efficiency in Action Emerging Technologies Showcase March 26, 2014 Presented by: Allan Montpellier, PE, LEED AP PAE Welcome. Today’s webinar is being recorded and will be posted at: • www.E3Tnw.org • www.ConduitNW.org
GoToWebinar Logistics • Minimize or maximize control panel • Phone lines are muted • Please use question field to ask questions during Q & A or if you have any technical issues NOTE: Today’s presentation is being recorded and will be available at http://e3tnw.org/Webinars within 48 hours E3T E3T E3 E3T Energy Energy Efficiency Efficiency Emerging Technologies Emerging Technologies
The Bullitt Center “Our desire is to open a wedge into the future so that we, and others, can see what is possible in a contemporary office building.” Denis Hayes Bullitt Foundation, President
7 PETALS 20 IMPERATIVES
Net Zero Energy Living Building Petal 100% of the building’s energy use supplied by on -site renewable energy on an annual basis.
GOAL NET ZERO ENERGY MOTIVATOR BEHAVIOR & AWARENESS ENABLER HIGH PERFORMANCE BUILDING
Typical Office Floor
Building Section Office Office Office Office Commercial Lobby Lobby Commercial M & E 15 th Avenue Cistern Courtesy : Miller Hull
How do we achieve a net zero energy building?
Building Energy Use Metrics Fuel Efficiency Energy Performance Rating MPG EUI (kBtu/sf/yr)
Solar Income From Horizontal Surfaces 700 664 574 579 600 544 kBtu/sft/yr 500 454 408 384 400 300 200 100 0 Seattle Portland San Francisco San Jose Los Angeles Phoenix New York
Net Zero Energy Sunpower 425W - SPR-425E-WHT-D Number of modules 570 Unit Nom. Power 425 W Peak System Output 227 kW Produced Energy 242,000 KWH/yr Panel Efficiency (STC) 19.7% System Efficiency ~16%
Net Zero Energy - PV Scheme II Scheme 2 - TILTED ROOF ARRAY (15 deg tilt @ Back): ROOF (5 deg West) = 7,258sf = 123,000 kWh/yr ROOF (15 deg Southeast) = 4,240sf = 73,000 kWh/yr SOUTHEAST WALL = 750sf = 9,000 kWh/yr SOUTH WALL = 4,015sf = 50,000 kWh/yr (3,500kWh/yr/row) 255,000 kWh/yr (+9K v. BASE)
Net Zero Energy - PV Scheme III Scheme 3 - TILTED ROOF ARRAY (25 deg tilt @ Back): ROOF (5 deg West) = 7,258sf = 123,000 kWh/yr ROOF (25 deg Southeast) = 4,514sf = 80,000 kWh/yr SOUTHEAST WALL = 750sf = 9,000 kWh/yr SOUTH WALL = 4,015sf = 50,000 kWh/yr (3,500kWh/yr/row) 262,000 kWh/yr (+18K v. BASE)
Comparison of PV Orientations in Seattle Bullitt Center PV Orientation & Tilt vs. South-Facing at 5 Tilt Angles 1600 1400 1200 kW hours 1000 Bullitt 0 800 33 40 47.5 600 90 400 200 0 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Net Zero Energy in Seattle Energy Use + Solar Budget 100.0 92 PV ROOF 90.0 DOMEST HOT WATER 80.0 ELEVATOR 83% Savings 70.0 VENT FANS kBtu/sf/year PUMPS & AUX 60.0 52 SPACE COOLING 50.0 SPACE HEATING PLUG LOADS 40.0 32 IT SERVER 30.0 LIGHTS 20.0 230,000 kWh 229,000 kWh 10.0 0.0 Average Building Seattle Energy LEED Platinum PV Budget Proposed Building (Energy Star Code Building Building (19 Score = 50) Energy Credits)
Bullitt Center PV Area EUI 92 64,000 SF of PV
Net Zero Energy in Seattle Energy Use + Solar Budget 100.0 92 PV ROOF 90.0 DOMEST HOT WATER 80.0 ELEVATOR 83% Savings 70.0 VENT FANS kBtu/sf/year PUMPS & AUX 60.0 52 SPACE COOLING 50.0 SPACE HEATING PLUG LOADS 40.0 32 IT SERVER 30.0 LIGHTS 20.0 230,000 kWh 229,000 kWh 10.0 0.0 Average Building Seattle Energy LEED Platinum PV Budget Proposed Building (Energy Star Code Building Building (19 Score = 50) Energy Credits)
Bullitt Center PV Area EUI 52 45,000 SF of PV
Bullitt Center PV Area EUI 32 26,000 SF of PV
Net Zero Energy in Seattle Energy Use + Solar Budget 100.0 92 PV ROOF 90.0 DOMEST HOT WATER 80.0 ELEVATOR 83% Savings 70.0 VENT FANS kBtu/sf/year PUMPS & AUX 60.0 52 SPACE COOLING 50.0 SPACE HEATING PLUG LOADS 40.0 32 IT SERVER 30.0 LIGHTS 20.0 230,000 kWh 229,000 kWh 10.0 0.0 Average Building Seattle Energy LEED Platinum PV Budget Proposed Building (Energy Star Code Building Building (19 Score = 50) Energy Credits)
Bullitt Center PV Area EUI 16 14,000 SF of PV
Net Zero Energy in Seattle Energy Use + Solar Budget 100.0 92 PV ROOF 90.0 DOMEST HOT WATER 80.0 ELEVATOR 83% Savings 70.0 VENT FANS kBtu/sf/year PUMPS & AUX 60.0 52 SPACE COOLING 50.0 SPACE HEATING PLUG LOADS 40.0 32 IT SERVER 30.0 LIGHTS 20.0 230,000 kWh 229,000 kWh 10.0 0.0 Average Building Seattle Energy LEED Platinum PV Budget Proposed Building (Energy Star Code Building Building (19 Score = 50) Energy Credits)
Net Zero Energy Energy Use | Solar Budget Solar Energy Production 40,000 35,000 30,000 25,000 Energy Surplus Energy (kWh) 20,000 Energy 15,000 Deficit Building Energy Use Energy Deficit 10,000 5,000 0
Net Zero Energy Energy Consumption PUMPS & DOM. HOT AUX WATER 1% 5% FANS 1% LIGHTS DOMEST. 3% FANS HOT 10% PLUG WATER COOKING PLUG LOADS 3% 1% LOADS HEAT 1% 19% 11% Fans 5% COOLING 7% LIGHTS 15% TOTAL SPACE SAVINGS HEATING 83% 40% Typical Building Proposed Building
Proposed Building Energy Use EUI = 16
Living Skin Triple Pane GLAZING Low-e Optimized for Daylighting Operable WINDOWS Motorized Controlled by BMS Night Flush External SHADING Motorized Blinds Controlled by BMS INFILTRATION Tight Envelope Construction Pressure Tests 0.19 CFM at 75 Pa
Envelope Comparison Envelope ASHRAE 2006 2009 2012 Pre-Design Final As-Built 90.1-2007 Target Design Final Seattle Seattle Seattle Energy Energy Energy Code Code Code Roof R-20ci R-30ci R-38ci R-38ci R-38ci R-40ci No change U-0.062 U-0.055 U-0.055 U-0.064 U-0.040 U-0.047 U-0.064 Wall (Steel R effective - R effective - R effective - R effective -25.0 R effective -21.3 R effective -26.6 R effective - Framed) 16.1 18.2 18.2 15.6 Fenestration 40%max 45%max 40%max 40%max* 25-35% 40% No change Area U-0.25 Fenestration U- U-0.50 fixed U-0.34 fixed U-0.25 U-0.40 U-0.38 No change U-0.17 fixed Value U-0.55 oper U-0.36 oper U-0.20 North U-0.30 oper Average R- 4.9 6.3 6.8 7.2 12.1 9.6 10.0 Value (Calculated) 0.40cfm/SF 0.40cfm/SF Better than 0.25cfm/SF 0.19cfm/SF Infiltration NR NR @75Pa @75Pa @75Pa @75Pa Code
Daylighting GLAZING Optimized for Daylighting Taller floors HEIGHT increase daylight penetration External SHADING Motorized Blinds Glare Control CONTROLS Daylighting control of powered lights
Net Zero Energy – Lighting Lighting Codes 3 3 1985 2.5 2.5 2 2 w/sf w/sf 1.5 1.5 2008 1 1 daylighting 2015 0.5 0.5 0 0 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020
Net Zero Energy – Lighting Proposed Plan – with height departure CORE Typical 14’ - 2” floor to floor 12’ - 6” floor to floor 38% of the floor area has daylight levels below 2%
Net Zero Energy – Lighting 6 th Floor Without Skylights
Net Zero Energy – Lighting 6 th Floor With Skylights
Regenerative Elevator ELEVATOR KONE Regenerative Elevator “Irresistible” STAIR stair encourages less elevator use ARCHITECTURE Elevator lobby is de- emphasized
Irresistible Stair “Irresistible” Stair
High Efficiency HVAC Systems Uses the Earth GEOTHERMAL HP as a heat source and Sink Heat Pump Technology NATURAL VENTILATION Motorized Operable Windows Day and Night Flush RADIANT FLOORS Hydronic Radiant Floors Used for Heating and Cooling HEAT RECOVERY Heat Recovery used for Building Ventilation System
Architect: Miller|Hull
Bullitt Center IR Photos
Climate allows Tenant Behavior - Motivator Comfort for less mechanical cooling if tenant is on board Lease Agreement Tenants are required to stay within specific energy budgets Energy Use Info BMS Dashboard provides real time and historical energy use data
Cooling Degree Days Base 65°F 4500 4039 4000 3500 3000 2500 2000 1382 1500 1000 607 523 354 500 169 133 0 Seattle Portland San Francisco San Jose Los Angeles Phoenix New York
Climate Seattle, WA Total Hours at 5° Temperature Ranges (7AM-10PM) 888 870 834 826 795 472 469 284 161 130 64 23 13 6 5 0 0 Temperature Range °F
ASHRAE Comfort Chart
Climate Consultant
Occupants Lease Requirements Energy Requirements Water Requirements Materials OFFICE TENANT Requirements Thermal Requirements Courtesy: Miller Hull
Reducing Plug Loads 100 2007 watts 20” CFL -LCD 20” CFL -LCD 75 75 watts watts 250 watts
Reducing Plug Loads 80 2009 22” CFL -LCD 22” CFL -LCD watts 40 40 watts watts 160 watts
Reducing Plug Loads 2013 22” LED -LCD 22” LED -LCD 14 14 watts watts 14 watts 42 watts
Reducing Plug Loads 2013 24” LED 24” LED 18 18 watts watts 20 watts total 56 watts
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