Development of a Compton gamma-ray camera with LaBr 3 (Ce) - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Development of a Compton gamma-ray camera with LaBr 3 (Ce) - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Development of a Compton gamma-ray camera with LaBr 3 (Ce) pixellated arrays for medical imaging Shunsuke KUROSAWA K. Hattori, C. Ida, S. Iwaki, N. Higashi, S. Kabuki, H. Kubo, K. Miuchi, K. Nakamura, H. Nishimura, J. Parker, T. Sawano,

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Development of a Compton gamma-ray camera with LaBr3 (Ce) pixellated arrays for medical imaging

Shunsuke KUROSAWA

K. Hattori, C. Ida, S. Iwaki, N. Higashi, S. Kabuki, H. Kubo, K. Miuchi, K. Nakamura, H. Nishimura, J. Parker, T. Sawano, A. TakadaA, M. Takahashi, T. Tanimori, K. Taniue, K. Ueno, Y. YanagidaB

  • Dept. of Physics, Graduate school of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan

AISAS / JAXA, Kanagawa, Japan BWorld Engineering System, Kyoto, Japan

SCINT2009 June 8, 2009 @ Lotte Hotel Jeju, Jeju, Korea

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Contents

  • Introduction

– Electron Tracking Compton Camera (ETCC) for Medical imaging

  • LaBr3

(Ce) array

– Assembly of LaBr3 (Ce) – Measurement of a LaBr3 (Ce) array

  • ETCC with LaBr3

(Ce) arrays

– Setup – Imaging with the camera

  • Summary
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SLIDE 3

Medical imaging (functional image)

PET : E = 511keV SPECT : E < 360keV Wide dynamic energy range

New radioactive tracer with new radioisotopes

It is possible that we obtain various images: anti-body, enzyme, protein reaction

Multi-radioisotope Imaging With wide energy range

Simultaneous observation of some metabolisms and interactions

Narrow

139Ce 133Ba 131I 198Au 22 Na 18F 54Mn 65Zn 60Co

E [keV] 167 354 364 412 511 1275 511 835 1116 1173 1333

PET SPECT

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SLIDE 4

Electron Tracking Compton Camera

Reconstruct incident gamma ray event by event gaseous TPC

(time projection chamber) ： [containing μ-PIC(MPGD), GEM (Inutsuka et al., Sauli) ]

  • -- energy and 3-D track of

Compton-recoil electron

Scintillation camera：

[Pixel array Scintillator]

  • -- energy and position of

scattered gamma ray

10cm

Scintillator

TPC

μ-PIC Large FOV (~3str) Kinematical background rejection by comparison of two α angles

α

GEM

Energy dynamic range: from 0.1 to ~1 MeV

Event 1 Event 2 Event 3 Event 5 Event 10 Event 50 Event １ ⇒ 100

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To obtain a higher angular resolution

Angular resolution of the Compton camera depends on the energy resolution of scintillator

Doppler broadening (Ar)

Zoglauer et al. (2003)

Angular resolution (FWHM) [degree]

Scattered γ E : energy Recoil e- K: energy Scattering angle φ

α

Incident γ

Δφ Angular resolution (ARM)

Calculated assuming 1, no error in position of Compton point 2, energy Res. of TPC : 30 % @ 22 keV

cosφ＝1－ mec2 K (E+K) E

10.5 % 4.2° 7% 3.1° 5% 2.3° 3% 2.1°

  • Sci. Eng. Res.

@662keV

  • Com. Angular
  • Res. @662keV
  • Eng. Res. (FWHM) of LaBr3

(Ce) : ~ 3 % @ 662 keV

Loef et al. (2001)

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Assembly of LaBr3 (Ce) array

6.1 mm pitch Effective area : 49 × 49 mm2 (=PMT photocathode) Glass window : Quartz (t 2.3 mm) Hermetic package : Aluminum ( t 0.5 mm ) Saint-Gobain BrilLanCe380

Size: φ38×38mm3

  • Eng. Res.: ~3 % (FWHM,

@ 662 keV, using HPK R6231)

Using our technique, we cut 5.8×5.8×15.0mm3 pixels out of two φ38×38 mm3 LaBr3 crystals and assembled an 8×8 array. 54mm 20mm

1/2 attenuation length

@662keV

LaBr3 (Ce): 18 mm (=multi-anode PMT H8500 anode pitch)

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SLIDE 7

4ch readout with multi-anode PMT

4ch readout with a resister chain 64 anodes

  • f PMT

4 ch output

R=100Ω anode pre.AMP Multi-anode PMT HPK H8500 54mm LaBr3 (Ce) array

137Cs

Flood field irradiation image using a Charge-division method

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Energy resolution (FWHM)

FWHM Eng. Res. @ 662 keV

  • Ave. ± σ : 5.8 ±

0.9%

Energy Resolution (FWHM) @ 662 keV [%]

Using Multi-anode PMT H8500

FWHM(%)= (5.7±0.4) ×(E/662keV)-0.53±0.01

8x8 pixel array (sum of all pixels)

133Ba

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9 arrays: Energy Resolutions (FWHM) @ 662keV

  • Eng. Res. (FWHM)

@ 662 keV

  • Ave. ± σ :

6.0 ± 1.0% (15mm-thickness) 5.6 ± 0.8% (20mm-thickness) 5.8±0.9% (Total, 576 pixels)

Energy resolution (FWHM) @ 662 keV

180 cm

180cm 20mm-thickness

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Setup of ETCC

Gaseous TPC LaBr3 TPC source 50mm 200mm

γ

e-

γ

Source

2m

γ γ γ

e-

Electron 3-D track

e-

γ

LaBr3 (Ce) arrays

Angular resolution (FWHM) [degree] Reconstruction

  • f a Compton event

4.2±0.3° @662 keV

FOV: 400cm2 @10cm from TPC 356keV, FWHM 2mm

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SLIDE 11

Mouse imaging

65Zn2+ (1116keV)

Imaging (ETCC & photo)

131I-MIBG (365keV)

Imaging (ETCC & CT)

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SLIDE 12

131I-MIBG (365keV)

& 18F-FDG (511keV) imaging

The clinical drugs 18F-FDG (PET) and 131I-MIBG (SPECT) can image the MRMT1 (mammary tumor) and PC12 (Pheochromocytoma)

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Summary

  • we assembled an 8×8 LaBr3

(Ce) pixel array. – Pixel size : 5.8 ×5.8 ×15 mm3 5.8 ×5.8 ×20 mm3 – Pixel pitch: 6.1mm (the same as that of the multi- anode PMT H8500)

  • Dynamic energy range: 80 – about 1000 keV.
  • Energy resolutions of the array with the MAPMT

（FWHM、@662keV）. – 5.8 ± 0.9% (average of 9 arrays)

  • Angular resolution of ETCC （FWHM、@662keV）.

– 4.2 ± 0.3 deg.

  • We observed mouse imaging:

– High energy isotope : 65Zn2+ (1116keV)

– 131I-MIBG (365keV) & 18F-FDG (511keV) Simultaneously

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SLIDE 14