[PPT] - DELIVERING HIGH-PERFORMANCE REMOTE GRAPHICS WITH NVIDIA GRID PowerPoint Presentation

SLIDE 1

DELIVERING HIGH-PERFORMANCE REMOTE GRAPHICS WITH NVIDIA GRID VIRTUAL GPU

Andy Currid NVIDIA

SLIDE 2

WHAT YOU’LL LEARN IN THIS SESSION

NVIDIA's GRID Virtual GPU Architecture

— What it is and how it works

Using GRID Virtual GPU on Citrix XenS

erver

How to deliver great remote graphics from GRID Virtual GPU

SLIDE 3

ENGINEER / DESIGNER KNOWLEDGE WORKER POWER USER

Workstation High-end PC Entry-level PC

WHY VIRTUALIZE?

SLIDE 4

Desktop workstation Quadro GPU

Awesome performance!
High cost
Hard to fully utilize, limited mobility
Challenging to manage
Data security can be a problem

WHY VIRTUALIZE?

SLIDE 5

Notebook or thin client Datacenter Desktop workstation Quadro GPU

… CENTRALIZE THE WORKSTATION

Awesome

performance!

Easier to fully

utilize, manage and secure

Even more

expensive!

Remote Graphics

SLIDE 6

Notebook or thin client Datacenter GPU-enabled server Remote Graphics

Hypervisor

Virtual Machine

Guest OS

NVIDIA Driver Apps

Virtual Machine

Guest OS

NVIDIA Driver Apps Direct GPU access from guest VM Dedicated GPU per user

NVIDIA GRID GPU

… VIRTUALIZE THE WORKSTATION

Citrix XenServer VMware ESX Red Hat Enterprise Linux Open source Xen, KVM

SLIDE 7

Notebook or thin client Datacenter

GPU-enabled server

Remote Graphics Hypervisor

NVIDIA GRID vGPU Hypervisor GRID Virtual GPU Manager

Virtual Machine

Guest OS

NVIDIA Driver Apps

Virtual Machine

Guest OS

NVIDIA Driver Apps Direct GPU access from guest VMs Physical GPU Management

… SHARE THE GPU

SLIDE 8

GPU-enabled server

Hypervisor

NVIDIA GRID vGPU Hypervisor GRID Virtual GPU Manager VM 2

Guest OS

NVIDIA Driver Apps

VM 1

Guest OS

NVIDIA Driver Apps

NVIDIA GRID VIRTUAL GPU

S

tandard NVIDIA driver stack in each guest VM

— API compatibility

Direct hardware access

from the guest

— Highest performance

GRID Virtual GPU

Manager

— Increased manageability

SLIDE 9

GPU-enabled server

Hypervisor

NVIDIA GRID vGPU Hypervisor GRID Virtual GPU Manager VM 2

Guest OS

NVIDIA Driver Apps

VM 1

Guest OS

NVIDIA Driver Apps

VIRTUAL GPU RESOURCE SHARING

3D CE NVENC NVDEC

Framebuffer

Timeshared Scheduling Channels

VM1 FB VM2 FB

GPU BAR

VM1 BAR VM2 BAR

Frame buffer

— Allocated at VM startup

Channels

— Used to post work to the GPU — VM accesses its channels via GPU Base Address Register (BAR), isolated by CPU’s Memory Management Unit (MMU)

GPU Engines

— Timeshared among VMs, like multiple contexts on single OS

CPU MMU

SLIDE 10

GPU-enabled server

Hypervisor

NVIDIA GRID vGPU Hypervisor GRID Virtual GPU Manager VM 2

Guest OS

NVIDIA Driver Apps

VM 1

Guest OS

NVIDIA Driver Apps

VIRTUAL GPU ISOLATION

Framebuffer

GPU MMU

VM1 FB VM2 FB

GPU MMU controls access

from engines to framebuffer and system memory

vGPU Manager maintains

per-VM pagetables in GPU’s framebuffer

Valid accesses are routed to

framebuffer or system memory

Invalid accesses are blocked

VM1 pagetables VM2 pagetables

Translated DMA access to VM physical memory and FB Pagetable access Untranslated accesses 3D CE NVENC NVDEC

SLIDE 11

GPU-enabled server

Hypervisor

NVIDIA GRID vGPU Hypervisor GRID Virtual GPU Manager VM 1

Guest OS

NVIDIA Driver Apps

VIRTUAL GPU DISPLAY

Virtual GPU exposes virtual display

heads for each VM

— E.g. 2 heads at 2560x1600 resolution

Primary surfaces (front buffers) for

each head are maintained in a VM’s framebuffer

Physical scanout to a monitor is

replaced by hardware delivery direct to system memory

3D NVENC

Framebuffer

VM1 FB

CE

Head 2 Head 1

SLIDE 12

NVIDIA GRID REMOTE GRAPHICS SDK

Available on vGPU and

passthrough GPU

Fast readback of desktop or

individual render targets

Hardware H.264 encoder
Citrix XenDesktop
VMware View
NICE DCV
HP RGS

GRID GPU or vGPU

3D NVENC Framebuffer

Apps Apps Apps Graphics commands

NVIFR NVFBC Render Target Front Buffer

H.264 or raw streams Remote Graphics Stack Network

SLIDE 13

Citrix XenS

erver

— First hypervisor to support GRID vGPU — Also supports GPU passthrough — Open source — Full tools integration for GPU — GRID certified server platforms

VMware vS

phere

— Coming soon!

XenServer

USING NVIDIA GRID vGPU

vSphere

SLIDE 14

XENSERVER SETUP

Install XenS

erver

Install XenCenter management GUI on PC
Install GRID Virtual GPU Manager

rpm -i NVIDIA-vgx-xenserver-6.2-331.30.i386.rpm

SLIDE 15

Citrix

XenCenter management GUI

Assignment of

virtual GPU,

r passthrough
f dedicated

GPU

ASSIGNING A vGPU TO A VIRTUAL MACHINE

SLIDE 16

VM’s console

accessed through XenCenter

Install NVIDIA

guest vGPU driver

BOOT, INSTALL OF NVIDIA DRIVERS

SLIDE 17

NVIDIA driver

now loaded, vGPU is fully

perational
Verify with

NVIDIA control panel

vGPU OPERATION

SLIDE 18

Use a high performance remote graphics stack
Tune the platform for best graphics

performance

DELIVERING GREAT REMOTE GRAPHICS

SLIDE 19

Platform basics
GPU selection
NUMA considerations

TUNING THE PLATFORM

SLIDE 20

PLATFORM BASICS

Use sufficient CPU!

— Graphically intensive apps typically need multiple cores

Ensure CPUs can reach their highest clock speeds

— Enable extended P-states / TurboBoost in the system BIOS — S et XenS erver’s frequency governor to performance mode

xenpm set-scaling-governor performance /opt/xensource/libexec/xen-cmdline --set-xen cpufreq=xen:performance

Use sufficient RAM! - don’ t overcommit memory
Fast storage subsystem - local S

S D or fast NAS / S AN

SLIDE 21

MEASURING UTILIZATION

nvidia-smi

command line utility

Reports GPU

utilization, memory usage, temperature, and much more

SLIDE 22

MEASURING UTILIZATION

GPU

utilization graph in XenCenter

SLIDE 23

ENGINEER / DESIGNER KNOWLEDGE WORKER POWER USER

GRID K2

2 high-end Kepler GPUs 3072 CUDA cores (1536 / GPU) 8GB GDDR5 (4GB / GPU)

GRID K1

4 entry Kepler GPUs 768 CUDA cores (192 / GPU) 16GB DDR3 (4GB / GPU)

PICK THE RIGHT GRID GPU

SLIDE 24

ENGINEER DESIGNER KNOWLEDGE WORKER POWER USER

GRID K2

2 high-end Kepler GPUs 3072 CUDA cores (1536 / GPU) 8GB GDDR5 (4GB / GPU)

GRID K200

256MB framebuffer 2 heads, 1920x1200

GRID K240Q

1GB framebuffer 2 heads, 2560x1600

GRID K260Q

2GB framebuffer 4 heads, 2560x1600

SELECT THE RIGHT VGPU

SLIDE 25

KNOWLEDGE WORKER POWER USER

GRID K100

256MB framebuffer 2 heads, 1920x1200

GRID K140Q

1GB framebuffer 2 heads, 2560x1600

SELECT THE RIGHT vGPU

GRID K1

4 entry Kepler GPUs 768 CUDA cores (192 / GPU) 16GB DDR3 (4GB / GPU)

SLIDE 26

Non-Uniform Memory Access
Memory and GPUs connected

to each CPU

CPUs connected via

proprietary interconnect

CPU/ GPU access to memory
n same socket is fastest
Access to memory on remote

socket is slower

CPU S

cket 0

Core Core Core Core

GPU GPU

Core Core PCI Express

Memory 0

CPU S

cket 1

Core Core Core Core

GPU GPU

Core Core PCI Express

Memory 1

CPU Interconnect

TAKE ACCOUNT OF NUMA

SLIDE 27

VM pinned to CPU

socket by restricting its vCPUs to run only on that socket

xe vm-param-set

uuid=<vm-uuid> VCPUs-params:mask= 0,1,2,3,4,5

CPU S

cket 0

Core Core

GPU GPU

Core

Memory 0

CPU S

cket 1

Core Core Core Core

GPU GPU

Core Core PCI Express

Memory 1

Core Core Core

Virtual Machine

vCPU vCPU vCPU vCPU

PIN vCPUS TO SOCKETS

SLIDE 28

CPU S

cket 0

Core Core

GRID K2 GRID K2

Core

Memory 0

CPU S

cket 1

Core Core Core Core

GRID K2 GRID K2

Core Core

Memory 1

Core Core Core

SELECTING A vGPU ON A SPECIFIC SOCKET

GPU 1 GPU 2 GPU 3 GPU 4 GPU 5 GPU 6 GPU 7 GPU 8

SLIDE 29

GPU Group “ GRID K2” Allocation policy: depth first Physical GPUs:

XenS

erver manages physical GPUs by means of GPU groups

Default behavior: all physical

GPUs of same type are placed in one GPU group

GPU group allocation policy:

— Depth first: allocate vGPU on most loaded GPU — Breadth first: allocate vGPU on least loaded GPU CPU S

cket 0

Core Core

K2 K2

Core

Memory 0

CPU S

cket 1

Core Core Core Core

K2 K2

Core Core

Memory 1

Core Core Core

GPU GROUPS

GPU 1 GPU 2 GPU 3 GPU 4 GPU 5 GPU 6 GPU 7 GPU 8

SLIDE 30

GPU Group “ GRID K2” Allocation policy: depth first Physical GPUs:

Default GPU group takes no

account of where a VM is running

Y
ur VM may end up using a

vGPU that’s allocated on a GPU on a remote CPU socket

CPU S

cket 0

Core Core Core

Memory 0

CPU S

cket 1

K2

Core Core Core

GPU GROUPS

GPU 7

Virtual Machine

vCPU vCPU vCPU vCPU

SLIDE 31

GPU Group “ GRID K2 S

cket 1”

Allocation policy: breadth first Physical GPUs: GPU Group “ GRID K2 S

cket 0”

Allocation policy: breadth first Physical GPUs:

Create custom GPU groups

— Per socket, or per GPU for ultimate control

xe gpu-group-create

name-label= "GRID K2 Socket 0”

xe pgpu-param-set

uuid=<pgpu-uuid> gpu-group-uuid= <group-uuid>

xe gpu-group-param-set

uuid=<group-uuid> allocation-algorithm= breadth-first

CPU S

cket 0

Core Core

GRID K2 GRID K2

Core

Memory 0

CPU S

cket 1

Core Core Core Core

GRID K2 GRID K2

Core Core

Memory 1

Core Core Core

GPU GROUPS

GPU 1 GPU 2 GPU 3 GPU 4 GPU 5 GPU 6 GPU 7 GPU 8

SLIDE 32

NVIDIA's GRID Virtual GPU Architecture
GRID Virtual GPU on Citrix XenS

erver

Remote graphics performance

WRAP UP

SLIDE 33

NVIDIA GRID vGPU User Guide

— Included with GRID vGPU drivers — Visit http:/ / www.nvidia.com/ vgpu, look for driver download link

Citrix XenS

erver with 3D Graphics Pack

— Visit http:/ / www.citrix.com/ go/ vgpu

Qualified server platforms

— Visit http:/ / www.nvidia.com/ buygrid

RESOURCES

SLIDE 34

Remote Graphics

— Citrix XenDesktop http:/ / www.citrix.com/ xendesktop — HP Remote Graphics S

ftware (RGS

) http:/ / www8.hp.com/ us/ en/ campaigns/ workstations/ remote- graphics-software.html — NICE Desktop Cloud Visualization (DCV) https:/ / www.nice-software.com/ products/ dcv

XenS

erver CPU performance tuning

— http:/ / www.xenserver.org/ partners/ developing-products-for- xenserver/ 19-dev-help/ 138-xs-dev-perf-turbo.html

RESOURCES

SLIDE 35

THANK YOU!

NVIDIA GRID

Resources

GRID Website www.nvidia.com/ vdi S ign up for the monthly GRID VDI Newsletter http:/ / tinyurl.com/ gridinfo GRID Y

uTube Channel

http:/ / tinyurl.com/ gridvideos Questions? Ask on our Forums https:/ / gridforums.nvidia.com NVIDIA GRID on LinkedIn http:/ / linkd.in/ QG4A6u Follow us on Twitter @ NVIDIAGRID