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Decentralized cooperation and urban services management in southern - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Decentralized cooperation and urban services management in southern countries: an application on water supply in Senegal. Arona Ciss , , PhD student PhD student Arona Ciss University Toulouse 1 Toulouse 1 University WWW-YES, Paris


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WWW-YES, Paris 13-16 May 2008

Decentralized cooperation and urban services management in southern countries: an application on water supply in Senegal.

Arona Ciss Arona Cissé é, , PhD student PhD student University University Toulouse 1 Toulouse 1

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Introduction

Water scarcity Water scarcity: a : a contemporary contemporary global issue, global issue, especially especially for for developing developing countries ( countries (facing facing important population important population growth and weak financing growth and weak financing capacities capacities for network services: for network services: water water, , sanitation sanitation, , electrecity electrecity, , transport transport… … According According to UNDP more to UNDP more than than 1 billion people are 1 billion people are denied denied to clean to clean water access worlwide water access worlwide. . This situation slow down This situation slow down economic growth and economic growth and social social development development in in developing developing countries countries… … And And hit more hit more vulnerable vulnerable people: slow people: slow income income population population who who pays pays highest prices highest prices for for less quality and quantity water less quality and quantity water. . After After slow slow performence performence of

  • f the

the 80 80’ ’ and and 90 90’ ’ programmes, programmes, is is MDG MDG’ ’s s target target to to halve the halve the proportion of people proportion of people without access without access to a to a safe safe drinkable water drinkable water by 2015 by 2015 feasible feasible? ? Or new Or new strategies strategies must must be held be held or

  • r reinforced

reinforced by by the the means means of

  • f

decentralized cooperation decentralized cooperation to to favour favour local social local social development development? ?

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Outline of the presentation 1.

  • 1. Problematic

Problematic 2.

  • 2. Urban water

Urban water management in management in Senegal Senegal 3.

  • 3. Decentralized cooperation

Decentralized cooperation a a response response to to water water issues? issues? 4.

  • 4. Theorical framework and method

Theorical framework and method 6.

  • 6. Challenges

Challenges and and issues for issues for the the future future

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Problematic

In the international strategies against water scarcity, how In the international strategies against water scarcity, how decentralized cooperation can modify developing countries cities decentralized cooperation can modify developing countries cities

  • rganization in the frame of new service delivery strategies and
  • rganization in the frame of new service delivery strategies and

financial devices in water sector? financial devices in water sector? This question includes two others : This question includes two others : Decentralized cooperation: opportunity to improve local territor Decentralized cooperation: opportunity to improve local territories ies

  • rganization
  • rganization’

’s or a way to increase territorial disparities in s or a way to increase territorial disparities in developing countries? developing countries? Decentralized cooperation: a way to improve local actors Decentralized cooperation: a way to improve local actors participation linked to central state by a participation linked to central state by a “ “bottom up bottom up” ” model and local model and local governments capabilities? governments capabilities?

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Urban water delivery in Senegal State State SONES SONES SDE SDE

USERS USERS

LEASING CONTRACT PLAN CONTRACT CONCESSION CONTRACT PERFORMANCE CONTRACT

NGOs ASSOCIATIONS COMITE LOCAL STANDPIPE OWNER OTHER PRIVATE OPERATORS

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DC: local governments partnerships in a North South or South DC: local governments partnerships in a North South or South South relationship in various field (economic, cultural South relationship in various field (economic, cultural… …) ) It emerge by the late 1980s and early 1990s and legally It emerge by the late 1980s and early 1990s and legally established by 1992 in France, 1993 in UK and 1996 in established by 1992 in France, 1993 in UK and 1996 in Senegal Senegal… … … … follows the growing importance of an institutions approach to follows the growing importance of an institutions approach to development development Idea: resource transfers must be accompanied by political and Idea: resource transfers must be accompanied by political and institutional reform to reach equitable development. institutional reform to reach equitable development.

Decentralized cooperation a response to water issue?

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Decentralized cooperation a response to water issue?

Key principles: Key principles:

  • focus on participation of actors as development beneficiaries;

focus on participation of actors as development beneficiaries;

  • dialogue between complementary actors in diverse scales

dialogue between complementary actors in diverse scales

  • capacity building to key actors and institutional development.

capacity building to key actors and institutional development. 2003: World 2003: World Water Water Forum (Kyoto) Forum (Kyoto) identified decentralized identified decentralized cooperation and cooperation and public assistance as solutions to public assistance as solutions to water water crises in crises in developing developing countries countries… … 2005, Oudin 2005, Oudin law law in France: 1% of in France: 1% of water syndicate water syndicate budget budget can be can be mobilised mobilised in international in international solidarities solidarities actions. actions. The The globalization globalization of

  • f this

this french initiative: a solution to french initiative: a solution to water water crisis? crisis?

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Two Two main main ideologies ideologies: : privatization privatization defenders defenders and their opponents and their opponents For For openents

  • penents of
  • f private sector participation

private sector participation’ ’s s (PSP), (PSP), these these mechanisms mechanisms are not are not reliable reliable to to supply water supply water services to services to the poor the poor (Shiva, 2003; (Shiva, 2003; Patrella Patrella, 2004 , 2004… …) )… … … … and their and their contribution for contribution for reaching reaching UN MDG UN MDG’ ’s s limited limited For PSP For PSP’ ’s defenders, s defenders, privatization is privatization is a a way way to to reach effeciency reach effeciency in in water water management management and gather and gather more more funds funds to assume to assume infractructures infractructures’ ’ renewal and renewal and extension ( extension (Camedussus Camedussus, 2003; , 2003; World World Bank Bank, 2003 , 2003… …) ) For us, For us, an alternative model, based on decentralized cooperation an alternative model, based on decentralized cooperation and a strengthening of local authorities capabilities may widen and a strengthening of local authorities capabilities may widen quality water access in low prices, especially for poor citizens quality water access in low prices, especially for poor citizens

Theorical framework and method

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  • Method

Method Bibliographic review Bibliographic review, to analyse , to analyse the evolution the evolution of speeches

  • f speeches around

around water water issue issue and urban and urban management management these twenty these twenty last last years years : : scientific literature scientific literature, reports, case , reports, case studies studies… … interviews and questionnaires; interviews and questionnaires;

  • to decentralized actors

to decentralized actors in in partnership partnership: France/ : France/Senegal Senegal

  • to NGOs

to NGOs and intervening and intervening in in water sector water sector (Enda, (Enda,

  • Household survey

Household survey in Dakar in Dakar and and Saint Saint-

  • Louis to analyse

Louis to analyse their their perception on participation programmes. perception on participation programmes.

  • Elements within whom we will realise

Elements within whom we will realise case case studies studies

Theorical framework and method

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Water, is one of the most discussed issue in international Water, is one of the most discussed issue in international meetings nowadays meetings nowadays… … … …and there is and there is a consensus about a consensus about its its importance in importance in human human development development as as well well as as economical development economical development… … … …especially especially for for developing developing countries countries which facing urban which facing urban crisis crisis By By this research we want this research we want to propose new model of to propose new model of sustainable sustainable solidarity solidarity, not , not only based

  • nly based on
  • n funds transfer

funds transfer, but , but involving involving knowledge and technical transfer knowledge and technical transfer in in water water management, management, and and to to see see how international models ( how international models (like like french one) french one) can be can be implemented implemented in in developing developing countries by countries by taking into account taking into account local local specificities specificities… …

Challenges and issues for the future

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Thank you Thank you for for your your attention attention