current Zika virus disease outbreak? ECDC Acting Director, Dr - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

What do we know about the current Zika virus disease

• utbreak?

European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control

ECDC Acting Director, Dr Andrea Ammon ACP-EU Joint Parliamentary Assembly ENVI Committee of European Parliament, Brussels 18 March 2016

Disease prevention and control in the EU

European Union (EU) 28 Member States EEA/EFTA Iceland, Norway, Liechtenstein

Stock- holm Brussels Luxemburg

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Core functions of ECDC

Every working day at 11:30 a.m., a roundtable meeting in ECDC’s Emergency Operations Centre assesses threats, official alerts and epidemic intelligence.

• Disease surveillance
• Epidemic intelligence
• Risk assessment
• Scientific advice and

guidance

• Response support
• Preparedness and

capacity strengthening

• Training

Photo: ECDC

ECDC, 19 February 2016 WHO, published 9 February 2016. Available from http://www.who.int/bulletin/online_first/16-171082.pdf

Uganda, Zika forest, isolation from a monkey, 1947, African lineage Malaysia, isolation from Aedes mosquitoes , 1966, Asian lineage

Americas, 2015

Zika virus distribution in Africa and Asia, and spread in the Pacific region from 2007

ECDC, 19 February 2016

Timeline: current situation as of 10 March

ECDC - http://ecdc.europa.eu/en/healthtopics/zika_virus_infection/zika-outbreak/Pages/Zika-countries-with-transmission.aspx

ECDC, 19 February 2016

Close to dengue 80% asymptomatic infections Complications:

• Guillain–Barré syndrome (2013-2014, French Polynesia)
• Pregnancy outcomes: microcephaly and congenital CNS

malformations (2014, French Polynesia; 2015, Brazil) Diagnosis:

• RT-PCR for ZIKV-RNA
• serology (cross-reactivity!)

Zika virus infection

ECDC, 19 February 2016

Uncertainties and new challenges (1)

Knowns Uncertainties and new challenges

Epidemiology Circulation in Africa and Asia, without large outbreak reported African and Asian Zika virus lineages Since 2007 large spread in naïve human populations (Pacific and Americas) Asian Zika virus lineage Mode of transmission Vector-borne transmission (same Aedes mosquitoes than for dengue) Trans-placental transmission Sexual transmission through semen Potential risk of transmission via blood transfusion

ECDC, 19 February 2016

Uncertainties and new challenges (2)

Knowns Uncertainties and new challenges

Disease outcome Self-limiting illness (4-7 days); 80% asymptomatic forms Pregnancy outcomes: microcephaly and congenital CNS malformations Neurological disorders: Guillain– Barré syndrome Treatment/prevention No treatment, no vaccine Vector control measures Limited tools, resistance to biocides

Zika virus infection in the ACP

Declared a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) on 1 February 2016 by the WHO:

• Old disease in many ACPs
• New emerging threat in the Pacific and the Caribbean regions

with appearance of severe complications. A concern for all affected countries and a need to federate research efforts and harmonize investigations for:

• A better understanding of the disease and its ways of

transmission,

• An early detection and implementation of effective control

measures

• Development of preventive tools including vaccine with

specific focus on pregnant women.

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Preparedness on Zika includes:

• strengthening surveillance systems to ensure early

detection and rapid notification of cases

• reviewing contingency plans for mosquito-borne
• utbreaks to ensure rapid vector control measures around

imported cases in areas with competent vectors

• strengthening intersectoral collaboration and

promoting community involvement for the control of the Aedes mosquito vectors of Zika virus

• strengthening integrated mosquito surveillance,

including invasive species

• Modelling potential scenarios of Zika virus spread in

the EU/EEA through interactions with other EU agencies, and research projects

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ECDC, 19 February 2016

Response by ECDC

Supporting documents

• Rapid risk assessments
• Epidemiological updates
• Factsheets for health professionals

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• Interim technical guidance and EU case definition
• Collaboration with CDC and WHO

Thank you!