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CS/ECE 438, CSE 425 Communication Networks Nikita Borisov ECE Department, UIUC Course Information Instructor Prof. Nikita Borisov Office Hours: 460 CSL, 244-5385 10-12 Tuesdays nikita@uiuc.edu or by appointment TA Monika

  1. CS/ECE 438, CSE 425 Communication Networks Nikita Borisov ECE Department, UIUC

  2. Course Information Instructor  Prof. Nikita Borisov Office Hours:  460 CSL, 244-5385 10-12 Tuesdays nikita@uiuc.edu or by appointment TA  Monika Battala, battala2@uiuc.edu  Office hours TBA  Webpage  http://www.cs.uiuc.edu/class/fa06/cs438  Newsgroup  class.cs438 on news.cs.uiuc.edu  8/25/06 UIUC - CS/ECE 438, Fall 2006 2

  3. Acknowledgments  Slides are adapted from Prof. Kravets  Some material contributed by Profs. Luo, Lumetta, Hajek, Vaidya  Some material from Larry Peterson & James Kurose & Keith Ross 8/25/06 UIUC - CS/ECE 438, Fall 2006 3

  4. Prerequisites  C Programming (CS241)  Pre-req for ECE students is ECE290, but ECE391/398SSL or C experience highly recommended  Probability and Statistics (MATH 461,463 or ECE 413) 8/25/06 UIUC - CS/ECE 438, Fall 2006 4

  5. Textbook  Computer Networks: A Top-Down Approach Featuring the Internet , by Kurose & Ross, 3rd Edition  We will be covering this text out of order Ch 1  Ch 5 + some of 6  Ch 4  Ch 3  Some of Ch 2  8/25/06 UIUC - CS/ECE 438, Fall 2006 5

  6. Recommended Text  UNIX Network Programming, Volume 1 , by Stevens  There are 3 editions  Second & third edition more up-to-date  First edition (1990) contains more background on general UNIX programming 8/25/06 UIUC - CS/ECE 438, Fall 2006 6

  7. Grading Policy  Homework 15%  7 homework assignments  Mid-term Exam 20%  Oct 12  Programming Projects 35%  4 Programming projects  2% off per hour late  Final Exam 30% 8/25/06 UIUC - CS/ECE 438, Fall 2006 7

  8. Homework and Projects  Homeworks: Due Wednesdays at 2:00 in class.  General extension to Thursdays at 2:00pm (hard  deadline). No questions to TA or on newsgroup after class  on Tuesday.  Projects: Project 1: 5%, Projects 2- 4: 10%  Due Fridays at 9:00pm.  8/25/06 UIUC - CS/ECE 438, Fall 2006 8

  9. Academic Honesty  Your work in this class must be your own.  Penalties for excessive collaboration and cheating are severe  Sharing strategies and small code fragments (5-10 lines) OK  Sharing homework answers and large sections of code forbidden Don’t post these to newsgroup!   If in doubt, ask the professor 8/25/06 UIUC - CS/ECE 438, Fall 2006 9

  10. One Unit Students  Graduate students MAY take an extra unit project in conjunction with this class Graduate students  Register for 4 credits  Write a survey paper in a networking research area of  your choice. Project proposal with list of 10+ academic references  (no URL’s) due September 22 Paper due last day of class  Undergraduates may not take this project course  8/25/06 UIUC - CS/ECE 438, Fall 2006 10

  11. Course Objectives  At the end of the semester, you should be able to: Identify the problems that arise in networked  communication Explain the advantages and disadvantages of  existing solutions to these problems in the context of different networking regimes Understand the implications of a given solution  for performance in various networking regimes Evaluate novel approaches to these problems  8/25/06 UIUC - CS/ECE 438, Fall 2006 11

  12. Programming Objectives  At the end of the semester, you should be able to  Identify and describe the purpose of each component of the TCP/IP protocol suite  Develop solid client-server applications using TCP/IP  Understand the impact of trends in network hardware on network software issues 8/25/06 UIUC - CS/ECE 438, Fall 2006 12

  13. Course Contents  Overview  UNIX Network Programming  Direct Link Networks  Multiple Access  Packet Switched Networks  Internetworking  Reliable Transport  Congestion Control, QoS & Fair Sharing  Performance Analysis and Queueing Theory 8/25/06 UIUC - CS/ECE 438, Fall 2006 13

  14. Connectivity  Building Block  Links: coax cable, optical fiber, …  Nodes: workstations, routers, …  Links:  Point-to-point …  Multiple access 8/25/06 UIUC - CS/ECE 438, Fall 2006 14

  15. Indirect Connectivity  Switched Networks  Internetworks  Recursive definition of a network Two or more nodes  connected by a physical link Two or more networks  connected by one or more nodes 8/25/06 UIUC - CS/ECE 438, Fall 2006 15

  16. Indirect Connectivity  Switched Networks  Internetworks  Recursive definition of a network Two or more nodes  connected by a physical link Two or more networks  connected by one or more nodes 8/25/06 UIUC - CS/ECE 438, Fall 2006 15

  17. Indirect Connectivity  Switched Networks  Internetworks  Recursive definition of a network Two or more nodes  connected by a physical link Two or more networks  connected by one or more nodes 8/25/06 UIUC - CS/ECE 438, Fall 2006 15

  18. Network Problems 8/25/06 UIUC - CS/ECE 438, Fall 2006 16

  19. Network Problems  What must a network provide?  Connectivity  Cost-effective Resource Sharing  Functionality  Performance 8/25/06 UIUC - CS/ECE 438, Fall 2006 16

  20. Addressing  Addressing Unique byte-string used to indicate which node  is the target of communication  Routing The process of determining how to forward  messages toward the destination node based on its address  Types of Addresses Unicast: node-specific  Broadcast: all nodes on the network  Multicast: subset of nodes on the network  8/25/06 UIUC - CS/ECE 438, Fall 2006 17

  21. Effects of Indirect Connectivity Nodes receive data on one link and forward it onto the  next -> switching network Circuit Switching  Telephone  Stream-based (dedicated circuit)  Links reserved for use by communication channel  Send/receive bit stream at constant rate  Packet Switching  Internet  Message-based (store-and-forward)  Links used dynamically  Admission policies and other traffic  determine bandwidth 8/25/06 UIUC - CS/ECE 438, Fall 2006 18

  22. Cost-Effective Sharing of Resources  Physical links and switches must be shared among many users  Common multiplexing strategies (Synchronous) time-division multiplexing (TDM)  Frequency-division multiplexing (FDM)  8/25/06 UIUC - CS/ECE 438, Fall 2006 19

  23. Circuit Switching: FDM and TDM 8/25/06 UIUC - CS/ECE 438, Fall 2006 20

  24. Circuit Switching: FDM and TDM FDM frequency time 8/25/06 UIUC - CS/ECE 438, Fall 2006 20

  25. Circuit Switching: FDM and TDM Example: FDM 4 users frequency time 8/25/06 UIUC - CS/ECE 438, Fall 2006 20

  26. Circuit Switching: FDM and TDM Example: FDM 4 users frequency time 8/25/06 UIUC - CS/ECE 438, Fall 2006 20

  27. Circuit Switching: FDM and TDM Example: FDM 4 users frequency time 8/25/06 UIUC - CS/ECE 438, Fall 2006 20

  28. Circuit Switching: FDM and TDM Example: FDM 4 users frequency TDM time frequency time 8/25/06 UIUC - CS/ECE 438, Fall 2006 20

  29. Circuit Switching: FDM and TDM Example: FDM 4 users frequency TDM time frequency time 8/25/06 UIUC - CS/ECE 438, Fall 2006 20

  30. Circuit Switching: FDM and TDM Example: FDM 4 users frequency TDM time frequency time 8/25/06 UIUC - CS/ECE 438, Fall 2006 20

  31. Circuit Switching: FDM and TDM Example: FDM 4 users frequency TDM time frequency time 8/25/06 UIUC - CS/ECE 438, Fall 2006 20

  32. Circuit Switching: FDM and TDM Example: FDM 4 users frequency TDM time frequency time 8/25/06 UIUC - CS/ECE 438, Fall 2006 20

  33. Statistical Multiplexing  Statistical Multiplexing (SM)  On-demand time-division multiplexing  Scheduled on a per-packet basis  Packets from different sources are interleaved  Uses upper bounds to limit transmission  Queue size determines capacity per source 8/25/06 UIUC - CS/ECE 438, Fall 2006 21

  34. Statistical Multiplexing in a Switch Packets buffered in switch until forwarded  Selection of next packet depends on policy  How do we make these decisions in a fair manner?  Round Robin? FIFO? How should the switch handle congestion?  … 8/25/06 UIUC - CS/ECE 438, Fall 2006 22

  35. Functionality  Support For Common Services Goal  Meaningful communication between hosts on a  network Idea  Common services simplify the role of applications  Hide the complexity of the network without overly  constraining the application designer Semantics and interface depend on applications  Request/reply: FTP, HTTP, DNS  Message stream: video-on-demand, video  conferencing 8/25/06 UIUC - CS/ECE 438, Fall 2006 23

  36. Channels Channel  The abstraction for application-level communication  Idea  Turn host-to-host connectivity into process-to-process  communication 8/25/06 UIUC - CS/ECE 438, Fall 2006 24

  37. Channels Channel  The abstraction for application-level communication  Idea  Turn host-to-host connectivity into process-to-process  communication Host Host Host Channel Channel Host Host 8/25/06 UIUC - CS/ECE 438, Fall 2006 24

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