Coupled Warm Pool Dynamics in the Indo-Pacific Ming Feng, Susan - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Coupled Warm Pool Dynamics in the Indo-Pacific

CSHOR

Ming Feng, Susan Wijffels, Andy Hsu, Anna Maggiorano, Gang Yang, Chris Chapman July 2020

Warm pool project | Ming Feng

Background: warm pool and its influences on global climate

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ENSO, IOD, MJO Asian monsoon Australian monsoon

• To advance our knowledge of high-frequency air-sea coupling in

the eastern Indian Ocean warm pool

• To better understand roles of the Indonesian Throughflow and

associated ocean circulation in influencing the heat and freshwater balance of the Indian Ocean

• To work with international community on the design and

implementation of the Indian Ocean observing system

Warm pool project | Ming Feng

Goals of the project

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• 1. Successful meteorology and ocean profiling buoy operation off

northwest Australia – BAMS publication

• 2. R/V Investigator voyage delivered valuable air-sea exchange

datasets

• 3. Hemispheric asymmetry mode of global ocean heat content

variability identified to better attribute greenhouse gas induced warming – paper in Nature Communications

• 4. (UNSW) Anna Maggiorano has finalised the 2013 northwest

shelf marine heatwave manuscript; new progress from Gang Yang – PhD student working on Darwin Harbour

WP Project | Ming Feng

Highlights during 2019-2020

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Bailong Buoy deployment and retrieval

November 2018 January 2020

Ian Darby Ryan Crossing

Yongliang Duan

CSHOR Field Measurement (2018-2019)

2 m wind

Feng, Duan, Wijffels, Hsu … Yu 2020 BAMS

Warm pool project | Ming Feng

R/V Investigator voyage Oct-Nov 2019

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CSHOR participants: Susan Wijffels Je-Yuan Hsu Anna Maggiorano Triaxus Wire walker

Robust hemispheric asymmetry in global OHC change

Observed ocean heat content (1018 J/m) during 2005-2015 for (a) Northern Hemisphere and (b) Southern Hemisphere 0-700 m 700-2000 m

Southern Hemisphere

5.12 ± 0.45 2.66 ± 0.19

Northern Hemisphere

• 0.74 ± 0.29

1.35 ± 0.14

Ocean Heat Content trend (1022 J/decade) Northern Hemisphere Southern Hemisphere

Saurabh Rathore

Distribution of the decadal trend of the ocean heat content (OHC) (1022 J/decade) for the depth of 0-2000 m

Rathore, Bindoff, Phillips, Feng 2020 Nature Communications

Transport (Sv) ITF AC (32S) Windstress curl (32S) Historical run

• 15.3
• 50.2
• 35.0

RCP8.5 run

• 10.7
• 43.5
• 32.8

Change 4.6 6.7 2.2

Weakening of Indian Ocean southward heat transport: contribution of Agulhas Current

The weakened ITF heat transport is

• vercompensated by the Indian

Ocean meridional heat transport reduction

Ma, Feng, Lan, Hu, 2020 GRL

Publications

• Ming Feng; Yongliang Duan; Susan Wijffels; Je-Yuan Hsu; Chao Li; Huiwu Wang; Yang Yang; Hong Shen;

Jianjun Liu; Chunlin Ning; Weidong Yu (2020), Tracking air-sea exchange and upper ocean variability in the Indonesian-Australian Basin during the onset of the 2018-19 Australian summer monsoon, Bulletin of the American Meteorology Society, in press.

• Rathore, S., N. L. Bindoff, H. E. Phillips, M. Feng (2020), Recent hemispheric asymmetry in global ocean

warming induced by climate change and internal variability. Nature Communications, 11, 2383.

• Ma, J., Feng, M., Lan, J. and Hu, D., 2020. Projected future changes of meridional heat transport and heat

balance of the Indian Ocean. Geophysical Research Letters. 47.

• Yuhong ZHANG; Yan Du; W.N.D.S JAYARATHNA; Qiwei SUN; Ying ZHANG; Fengchao YAO; Ming FENG,

(2020). A prolonged high-salinity event in the Northern Arabian Sea during 2014-2017, Journal of Physical Oceanography, 50, 849-865.

• Hu, S. Y. Zhang, M. Feng, Y. Du, J. Sprintall, F. Wang, D. Hu, Q. Xie, F. Chai (2019). Interanual to decadal

variability of upper ocean salinity in the southern Indian Ocean and the role of the Indonesian

• Throughflow. Journal of Climate, 32(19), 6403-6421.
• Cyriac, A., McPhaden, M. J., Phillips, H. E., Bindoff, N. L., & Feng, M. (2019). Seasonal evolution of the

surface layer heat balance in the eastern subtropical Indian Ocean. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 124, 6459–6477. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JC014559.

• Hsu, J.Y. Hendon H., Feng M., Zhou, X. (2019) Magnitude and Phase of Diurnal SST Variations in the

ACCESS-S1 model during the Suppressed Phase of the MJOs. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 124(12), 9553-9571.

Salinity variations in the Indo-Pacific warm pool

2011–2017 minus 2004–2010 (contour: temperature) Hu et al. 2019 J. Climate Zhang et al. 2020 JPO Ying Zhang

Mixed layer processes

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Hsu et al. 2019 JGR Cyriac et al. 2019 JGR 1m resolution model is necessary to capture the strong diurnal warming Collaboration with U. Tas and NOAA to better understand air-sea heat flux in the SE IO RAMA Confirmed with BoM ACCESS coupled model

Modelling the 2013 marine heatwave

Maggiorano et al. submitted

Wave effects on sediment dynamics in Darwin Harbour during monsoon season

Yang and Wang 2020 ECSS, accepted Gang Wang

• Beal, L. M., Vialard, J., Roxy, M. K. and lead authors (including Feng, M, Sloyan

B) 2019: Executive Summary. IndOOS-2: A roadmap to sustained observations

• f the Indian Ocean for 2020-2030. CLIVAR-4/2019, GOOS-237, 8 pp.

https://doi.org/10.36071/clivar.rp.4-1.2019.

• Beal, L. M., Vialard, J., Roxy, M. K. and lead authors (including Feng, M., Sloyan,

B) 2019: Full Report. IndOOS-2: A roadmap to sustained observations of the Indian Ocean for 2020-2030. CLIVAR-4/2019, GOOS-237, 206 pp. https://doi.org/10.36071/clivar.rp.4.2019.

• Beal, L.M., Vialard, J., Roxy, M.K., Li, J., Andres, M., Annamalai, H., Feng, M.,

Han, W., Hood, R., Lee, T., Lengaigne, M., Lumpkin, R., Masumoto, Y., McPhaden, M.J., Ravichandran, M., Shinoda, T., Sloyan, B.M., Strutton, P.G., Subramanian, A.C., Tozuka, T., Ummenhofer, C.C., Unnikrishnan, A.S., Wiggert, J., Yu, L., Cheng, L., Desbruyères, D.G., Parvathi, V. (2020). A roadmap to IndOOS-2: Better observations of the rapidly warming Indian Ocean. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. DOI: 10.1175/BAMS-D-19-0209.1.

Warm pool project | Ming Feng

Publications

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Beal et al. 2020

• Continue to analyse 2018-19 profiling float data and Bailong buoy time

series, and improve understanding of the large-scale climate drivers of coupled ocean-atmosphere dynamics in the Indonesian-Australian Basin

• Quality control of the R/V Investigator cruise data for the Years of

Maritime Continent program (collaboration with WHOI)

• Contribute to International Indian Ocean Expedition-2 (IIOE-2) research

and review publications

• Improved assessment on the influences of the Indo-Pacific warm pool on

Australian rainfall variability and predictability (U. Tas PhD student)

• Finalise publication on the 2013 northwest shelf marine heatwave event

Warm pool project | Ming Feng

Year 4 plan

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Bailong buoy observations over the whole year Monsoon Onset Tropical Cyclones Severe TC Riley Severe TC Veronica Severe TC Wallace

Yongliang Duan Weidong Yu

• Develop composites of MJO events from oceanography and

meteorology data and model output (iHESP or ACCESS)

• Identify links between the "deep" oceanography and the
• nset/breakdown/detouring of the MJO
• Is MJO onset favored by deep thermocline anomalies?
• What’s the influence of the Pacific coming through the ITF?

Warm pool project | Ming Feng

Coupled process in the Indonesian-Australian Basin

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Chris Chapman

Rapid foundation SST Warming Captured by ALAMO Floats during the Suppressed Phase of the MJO

Je-Yuan Hsu, National Taiwan University Ming Feng and Susan Wijffels Centre for Southern Hemisphere Oceans Research (CSHOR)

Temperature and Salinity on ALAMO Floats

• Vertical resolution ≤ 1 m in the upper 50 m
• Temperature measurements at ~ 0.1-0.2 m-depth used as SST

Barrier Layer

Salinity-driven Barrier Layer:

• Lukas and Lindstrom (1991) first report the barrier layer due to the

salinity stratification

• The salinity-driven barrier layer can inhibit turbulent mixing

Temperature-driven Barrier Layer:

• Thick DWL should be regarded as a barrier

layer, because high stratification in DWL also prevents nighttime mixing for eroding restratified upper ocean

• However, the 1-D ROMS model with KPP or
• ther turbulent closure mixing scheme cannot

simulate the thick DWL (not shown)

BL

CSHOR Ming Feng Senior Principal Research Scientist t +61 8 9333 6512 e ming.feng@csiro.au w https://cshor.csiro.au/

Thank you