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Convergence of Optical and Wireless Convergence of Optical and - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Convergence of Optical and Wireless Convergence of Optical and Wireless Access Networks Access Networks Gee-Kung Chang Byers Eminent Scholar Chair Professor School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology

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Gee-Kung Chang

Byers Eminent Scholar Chair Professor School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, GA 30332-0250 OFC 2008 Workshop San Diego, California February 25, 2008

Convergence of Optical and Wireless Convergence of Optical and Wireless Access Networks Access Networks

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2

Outline

  • Convergence of Broadband Networking
  • Integrated Optical Wireless Access Networks
  • Optical Wireless Signal Generation

– Up-conversion of optical wireless signal – Multi-band wireless signals

  • Optical Wireless Network Architecture

– Dual Services: Wired and Wireless – Wavelength Reuse for Full-duplex Connection

  • Technology Challenges
  • Conclusions
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3

Broadband Networking Trends

Meet the needs of future end-to-end, dynamic and flexible Internet services

Convergence of Voice, Data, Video and Interactive Multimedia Services Convergence of Voice, Data, Video and Interactive Multimedia Services Convergence of Wireless and Wired Networks Convergence of Wireless and Wired Networks Convergence of High Speed DWDM Metro and WAN Networks Convergence of High Speed DWDM Metro and WAN Networks

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Opportunities of using 60GHz mm-Wave for Wireless Services

56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 GHz GHz

Prohibited Prohibited

Unlicensed Unlicensed Wireless LAN Wireless LAN

Wireless LAN Wireless LAN I I S S M M

Unlicensed Unlicensed Pt. Pt.-

  • to

to-

  • Pt.

Pt.

Space and fixed & mobile apps. Space and fixed & mobile apps.

Japan E.U.

U.S.

There is a license free band near There is a license free band near

  • 60GHz. There is up to 8 GHz antenna
  • 60GHz. There is up to 8 GHz antenna

resonant bandwidth available for resonant bandwidth available for wireless communications wireless communications. . It can provide super broadband It can provide super broadband wireless data links at > 1Gb/s. wireless data links at > 1Gb/s.

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Convergence of Broadband Access Networks

Wireline Time

Next Generation Optical Wireless Access Networks

Capacity D a t a R a t e Mobility

ADSL/ Cable ADSL/ Cable APON APON BPON BPON EPON EPON GPON GPON

<10Mb/s

155Mb/s 622Mb/s 1.25Gb/s 2.5Gb/s

TDM TDM-

  • PON

PON WDM PON WDM WDM PON PON Copper Copper Fiber Fiber 1Gb/s --- 10 Gb/s 10Mb/s --- 100Mb/s

WiFi

2.4GHz (802.11b/g) 5GHz (802.11a)

WiMAX

2.5, 3.5GHz 10, 26GHz

MVDS 40GHz MBS 60GHz MMDS

2-3GHz

LMDS

26-29GHz

Frequency Wireless

10G TDM 10G TDM-

  • PON

PON UWB 3-10GHz

Millimeter Region

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Optical Wireless Network Applications Emerging applications requiring super broadband optical-wireless access:

  • HDTV distribution
  • Interactive multimedia games
  • High-speed wireless (>1Gb/s) data access
  • High Mobility Communications
  • Base Station handoff
  • vehicle speed, bandwidth, and packet length
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Passive Optical network Passive Optical network

Optical networking, transmission and integration with WDM PON Optical mm-wave generation, modulation and up-conversion

RF Data/

  • ptical

interface RF Data/

  • ptical

interface Central Office Remote Node

Data/Video Source Center Optical Metro Network Wireless Network

Optical/ RF Data Interface Optical/ RF Data Interface Base Station

Radio air interface Bidirectional transmission Wired and wireless service delivery

Users Users

  • Bandwidth
  • >1 Gb/s for both directions
  • Mobility
  • RF wireless for roaming

connection

  • Coverage
  • Optical fiber links for long distance
  • Multi-channel Capacity
  • Seamless integration with WDM PON
  • All-optical methods for architecture

design

Wireless over Optical Transport Technologies

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8

2.5Gbit/s 20GHz

DFB-LDMOD

PD

0 20 40 60 Frequency (GHz) Po wer (dB m) RF at 40GHz Baseband

There are two components of electrical signals after all-optical up-conversion:

  • ne part occupies the baseband,

the other occupies high-frequency band near 40 to 60GHz. Dual Stage Modulation using Optical carrier suppression DC: Vπ

Spectrum of Optical Wireless Signals

Optical Wireless

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Up-Conversion Based on External Modulation

DC Bias: 0.5 2.5 Gb/s

40GHz

1 5 5 4 .0 1 5 5 4 .5 1 5 5 5 .0 1 5 5 5 .5

  • 7 0
  • 6 0
  • 5 0
  • 4 0
  • 3 0
  • 2 0
  • 1 0

1 0

4 0 G H z 4 0 G H z

Optical power (dBm) W a v e le n g th (n m )

B-T-B 2km

Vπ

40GHz

Dual-arm MZM

2 π Shift

2.5 Gb/s DC: 0.5Vπ

1554.0 1554.5 1555.0 1555.5

  • 70
  • 60
  • 50
  • 40
  • 30
  • 20
  • 10

10 40GHz Optical power (dBm) W avelength (nm)

B-T-B 40km

20GHz

DC: Dual –arm MZM Shift

Vπ π

1554.0 1554.5 1555.0 1555.5

  • 60
  • 50
  • 40
  • 30
  • 20
  • 10

10 40GHz Optical power (dBm) Wavelength (nm)

40km B-T-B

DSB SSB OCS

2.5 Gb/s MZM1 DFB LD MZM1 DFB LD MZM2 MZM1 DFB LD

DSB: Double sideband; SSB: Single sideband; OCS: Optical carrier suppression

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32-Channel DWDM ROF Transmission

based on OCS external modulation

Dual–arm MZM 2.5 Gb/s DFB LD 1 DFB LD 32 AWG 40km SMF 20GHz 40km SMF (i) (ii)

1 5 3 5 1 5 4 0 1 5 4 5 1 5 5 0 1 5 5 5 1 5 6 0

  • 7 0
  • 6 0
  • 5 0
  • 4 0
  • 3 0
  • 2 0
  • 1 0

Relative optical power W a v e le n g th (n m )

1 5 3 6 1 5 4 4 1 5 5 2 1 5 6 0

  • 7 0
  • 6 0
  • 5 0
  • 4 0
  • 3 0
  • 2 0
  • 1 0

Relative optical power W a v e le n g th ( n m ) EDFA

Vπ

Shift

π

TOF2 EA MUX Mixer 1:4 10GHz Clock 50GHz PIN BERT Demux 1ns/div 100ps/div

Core or Metro network Central Office Remote Node Base Station

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Transmission of 32-Channel ROF Signals

1 5 3 5 1 5 4 0 1 5 4 5 1 5 5 0 1 5 5 5 1 5 6 0

  • 4 4
  • 4 2
  • 4 0
  • 3 8
  • 3 6
  • 3 4

B -T -B A fte r 4 0 k m

Receiver sensitivity (dBm) W a v e le n g th (n m ) Power penalty is less 2dB for all channels.

32 DWDM ROF channels

  • J. Yu, Z. Jia and G. K. Chang, ECOC 2005, Post Deadline, 2005, Th 4.5.4.
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Key Technologies for RoF Signal Generation

Multiple Bands RF Signal Multiple Bands RF Signal Generation: Generation: Microwave and Millimeter Microwave and Millimeter-

  • Wave

Wave

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Multiple RF Signal Generation

DC: Vpi 18GHz 6GHz 750Mb/s 750Mb/s 36GHz Data 1 LPF IL TOF 0.3nm 1nm Received power 12GHz Data 2 LPF EA 20km SMF-28 LN-MOD DFB-LD Coupler Mixer 0.3nm 1nm Data 1 Data 2 EDFA O/E

1539 1540 1541

  • 80
  • 60
  • 40
  • 20

Relative Optical Power (dBm)

Wavelength (nm)

1539 1540 1541

  • 80
  • 60
  • 40
  • 20

Relative Optical Power (dBm)

Wavelength (nm)

1539 1540 1541

  • 80
  • 60
  • 40
  • 20

Relative Optical Power (dBm)

(i) (iii) (ii)

Microwave mm-wave

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14

Optical Wireless Access Network Architecture Design

Full Full-

  • Duplex Operation Based on

Duplex Operation Based on Wavelength Reuse for Upstream Wavelength Reuse for Upstream

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Full-Duplex Colorless Transmission for Uplink

  • At CS, Phase modulation and the subsequent interleaver for optical mm-wave generation.
  • At BS, FBG is used to reflect the optical carrier while pass the downlink mm-wave signal.
  • At BS, SOA performs the function of both amplification and modulation.

OC

ƒmm-wave

CW Downlink Downlink Data PM SMF Receiver Uplink

ƒmm-wave

RF MZM Uplink Data SOA PIN Duplexer Antenna Mixer EA Uplink PS

ƒcarrier

Interleaver FBG TD

CS BS

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  • Various wireless services can share common fiber infrastructure.
  • A testbed setup consisting of four wireless standards were

simultaneously transmitted to stress the ROF distribution network.

  • 802.11g, WCDMA, GSM and PHS were combined electrically and

distributed via 300m of MMF ROF system.

Multi-Standards Wireless Transmission

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Wireless over fiber systems using ROF technologies

  • perating in the 0.8-2.5GHz band have been demonstrated
  • Moving from RF and microwave to mm-wave carriers for

high bandwidth services

  • Moving from point-to-point links to point to multiple points

network architectures

  • Moving from low mobility wireless over fiber systems to

high speed moving trains and planes

  • Howl’s Moving Castle?
  • Facilitating new system architecture and new applications

What’s Next?

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Future Considerations and Challenges (1)

  • Optical technology

– Improve efficiency, simplicity and stability of signal generation and up-conversion for the optical wireless systems; – Increase the wavelength utilization efficiency in full- duplex operation when integration with WDM PON; – Mitigating the optical mm-wave signals transmission impairment, particularly for the dispersion tolerance.

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Future Considerations and Challenges (2)

  • Electrical components and interfaces

– Low profile, high gain, high frequency antenna and mixer design; – 40GHz, 60GHz and beyond optical millimeter carrier wave characteristics; – Improvement for wireless signals synchronization, interference and stability.

  • O/E and E/O Interfaces

– Requirement for power, noise, bandwidth and coding methods; – Standardization issues.

mm-wave bands

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Conclusions

  • Optical wireless signal generation and up-conversion

techniques play key roles in realizing RoF network.

  • A novel architecture is developed for bidirectional

wireless and optical access network integrated with WDM-PON with wavelength reuse in base stations.

– Demo of uncompressed HDTV over both wireline and wireless links

  • Technology challenges are ahead of us:

– low-cost optical and RF components, – optical wireless system interface, – optical wireless protocols, and standardization.