Computing Stable Demers Cartograms GD 2019 September 17, 2019 - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Computing Stable Demers Cartograms GD 2019 · September 17, 2019 Jaakko Peltonen Tampere University Markus Chimani Osnabr¨ uck University Wouter Meulemans Max Sondag TU Eindhoven Martin N¨ ollenburg Soeren Nickel Stephen Kobourov Stephen Kobourov Stephen Kobourov Stephen Kobourov TU Vienna University of Arizona University of Arizona [Decidedly not to scale] 1/10

Cartograms 2/10 Soeren Nickel, Max Sondag, Wouter Meulemans, Markus Chimani, Stephen Kobourov, Jaakko Peltonen, and Martin N¨ ollenburg · Computing Stable Demers Cartograms

Cartograms 2/10 Soeren Nickel, Max Sondag, Wouter Meulemans, Markus Chimani, Stephen Kobourov, Jaakko Peltonen, and Martin N¨ ollenburg · Computing Stable Demers Cartograms

Cartograms 2/10 Soeren Nickel, Max Sondag, Wouter Meulemans, Markus Chimani, Stephen Kobourov, Jaakko Peltonen, and Martin N¨ ollenburg · Computing Stable Demers Cartograms

Cartograms 2/10 Soeren Nickel, Max Sondag, Wouter Meulemans, Markus Chimani, Stephen Kobourov, Jaakko Peltonen, and Martin N¨ ollenburg · Computing Stable Demers Cartograms

Cartograms 2/10 Soeren Nickel, Max Sondag, Wouter Meulemans, Markus Chimani, Stephen Kobourov, Jaakko Peltonen, and Martin N¨ ollenburg · Computing Stable Demers Cartograms

Cartograms Dorling Cartogram [Dorling, 1996] 2/10 Soeren Nickel, Max Sondag, Wouter Meulemans, Markus Chimani, Stephen Kobourov, Jaakko Peltonen, and Martin N¨ ollenburg · Computing Stable Demers Cartograms

Cartograms Dorling Cartogram [Dorling, 1996] Regions: non-overlapping circles 2/10 Soeren Nickel, Max Sondag, Wouter Meulemans, Markus Chimani, Stephen Kobourov, Jaakko Peltonen, and Martin N¨ ollenburg · Computing Stable Demers Cartograms

Cartograms Dorling Cartogram [Dorling, 1996] Regions: non-overlapping circles Size proportional to data 2/10 Soeren Nickel, Max Sondag, Wouter Meulemans, Markus Chimani, Stephen Kobourov, Jaakko Peltonen, and Martin N¨ ollenburg · Computing Stable Demers Cartograms

Cartograms Dorling Cartogram [Dorling, 1996] Regions: non-overlapping circles Size proportional to data Contact if regions are neighbours Disk contact representation 2/10 Soeren Nickel, Max Sondag, Wouter Meulemans, Markus Chimani, Stephen Kobourov, Jaakko Peltonen, and Martin N¨ ollenburg · Computing Stable Demers Cartograms

Cartograms ! Dorling Cartogram [Dorling, 1996] ! ! s e r a u Regions: non-overlapping squares q S % 0 Size proportional to data 0 1 h t i w Contact if regions are neighbours w o N Square contact representation 2/10 Soeren Nickel, Max Sondag, Wouter Meulemans, Markus Chimani, Stephen Kobourov, Jaakko Peltonen, and Martin N¨ ollenburg · Computing Stable Demers Cartograms

Cartograms ! Dorling Cartogram [Dorling, 1996] ! ! s e r a u q S % 0 Demers Cartograms [Demers et al., 2002] 0 1 h t i w w o N 2/10 Soeren Nickel, Max Sondag, Wouter Meulemans, Markus Chimani, Stephen Kobourov, Jaakko Peltonen, and Martin N¨ ollenburg · Computing Stable Demers Cartograms

Cartograms ! Dorling Cartogram [Dorling, 1996] ! ! s e r a u q S % 0 Demers Cartograms [Demers et al., 2002] 0 1 h t i w Advantages: w o N Comparability Exact size of regions Dense packing 2/10 Soeren Nickel, Max Sondag, Wouter Meulemans, Markus Chimani, Stephen Kobourov, Jaakko Peltonen, and Martin N¨ ollenburg · Computing Stable Demers Cartograms

Quality of Cartograms [Nusrat & Kobourov, 2016] What is important for a “good cartogram”? 3/10 Soeren Nickel, Max Sondag, Wouter Meulemans, Markus Chimani, Stephen Kobourov, Jaakko Peltonen, and Martin N¨ ollenburg · Computing Stable Demers Cartograms

Quality of Cartograms [Nusrat & Kobourov, 2016] What is important for a “good cartogram”? 1. Cartographic accuracy: Relative region sizes should be close to the data values 3/10 Soeren Nickel, Max Sondag, Wouter Meulemans, Markus Chimani, Stephen Kobourov, Jaakko Peltonen, and Martin N¨ ollenburg · Computing Stable Demers Cartograms

Quality of Cartograms [Nusrat & Kobourov, 2016] What is important for a “good cartogram”? 1. Cartographic accuracy: Relative region sizes should be close to the data values 3/10 Soeren Nickel, Max Sondag, Wouter Meulemans, Markus Chimani, Stephen Kobourov, Jaakko Peltonen, and Martin N¨ ollenburg · Computing Stable Demers Cartograms

Quality of Cartograms [Nusrat & Kobourov, 2016] What is important for a “good cartogram”? 1. Cartographic accuracy: Relative region sizes should be close to the data values 2. Shape deformation: Each region should resemble its geographic shape 3/10 Soeren Nickel, Max Sondag, Wouter Meulemans, Markus Chimani, Stephen Kobourov, Jaakko Peltonen, and Martin N¨ ollenburg · Computing Stable Demers Cartograms

Quality of Cartograms [Nusrat & Kobourov, 2016] What is important for a “good cartogram”? 1. Cartographic accuracy: Relative region sizes should be close to the data values 2. Shape deformation: Each region should resemble its geographic shape Egypt Source: pappubahry.com/misc/rectangles/ 3/10 Soeren Nickel, Max Sondag, Wouter Meulemans, Markus Chimani, Stephen Kobourov, Jaakko Peltonen, and Martin N¨ ollenburg · Computing Stable Demers Cartograms

Quality of Cartograms [Nusrat & Kobourov, 2016] What is important for a “good cartogram”? 1. Cartographic accuracy: Relative region sizes should be close to the data values 2. Shape deformation: Each region should resemble its geographic shape Egypt Italy Source: pappubahry.com/misc/rectangles/ 3/10 Soeren Nickel, Max Sondag, Wouter Meulemans, Markus Chimani, Stephen Kobourov, Jaakko Peltonen, and Martin N¨ ollenburg · Computing Stable Demers Cartograms

Quality of Cartograms [Nusrat & Kobourov, 2016] What is important for a “good cartogram”? 1. Cartographic accuracy: Relative region sizes should be close to the data values 2. Shape deformation: Each region should resemble its geographic shape 3/10 Soeren Nickel, Max Sondag, Wouter Meulemans, Markus Chimani, Stephen Kobourov, Jaakko Peltonen, and Martin N¨ ollenburg · Computing Stable Demers Cartograms

Quality of Cartograms [Nusrat & Kobourov, 2016] What is important for a “good cartogram”? 1. Cartographic accuracy: Relative region sizes should be close to the data values 2. Shape deformation: Each region should resemble its geographic shape 3. Preservation of relative directions: Spatial relations (north-south/east-west) should be maintained 3/10 Soeren Nickel, Max Sondag, Wouter Meulemans, Markus Chimani, Stephen Kobourov, Jaakko Peltonen, and Martin N¨ ollenburg · Computing Stable Demers Cartograms

Quality of Cartograms [Nusrat & Kobourov, 2016] What is important for a “good cartogram”? 1. Cartographic accuracy: Relative region sizes should be close to the data values 2. Shape deformation: Each region should resemble its geographic shape 3. Preservation of relative directions: Spatial relations (north-south/east-west) should be maintained AUT DNK NLD DNK IRL GBR CZE BEL POL IRL DEU GBR NLD POL DEU DEU NLD POL BEL FRA CZE CZE BEL FRA AUT DNK AUT IRL FRA GBR 3/10 Soeren Nickel, Max Sondag, Wouter Meulemans, Markus Chimani, Stephen Kobourov, Jaakko Peltonen, and Martin N¨ ollenburg · Computing Stable Demers Cartograms

Quality of Cartograms [Nusrat & Kobourov, 2016] What is important for a “good cartogram”? 1. Cartographic accuracy: Relative region sizes should be close to the data values 2. Shape deformation: Each region should resemble its geographic shape 3. Preservation of relative directions: separation constraints Spatial relations (north-south/east-west) should be maintained AUT DNK NLD DNK IRL GBR CZE BEL POL IRL DEU GBR NLD POL DEU DEU NLD POL BEL FRA CZE CZE BEL FRA AUT DNK AUT IRL FRA GBR 3/10 Soeren Nickel, Max Sondag, Wouter Meulemans, Markus Chimani, Stephen Kobourov, Jaakko Peltonen, and Martin N¨ ollenburg · Computing Stable Demers Cartograms

Quality of Cartograms [Nusrat & Kobourov, 2016] What is important for a “good cartogram”? 1. Cartographic accuracy: Relative region sizes should be close to the data values 2. Shape deformation: Each region should resemble its geographic shape Next slide 3. Preservation of relative directions: separation constraints Spatial relations (north-south/east-west) should be maintained AUT DNK NLD DNK IRL GBR CZE BEL POL IRL DEU GBR NLD POL DEU DEU NLD POL BEL FRA CZE CZE BEL FRA AUT DNK AUT IRL FRA GBR 3/10 Soeren Nickel, Max Sondag, Wouter Meulemans, Markus Chimani, Stephen Kobourov, Jaakko Peltonen, and Martin N¨ ollenburg · Computing Stable Demers Cartograms

Quality of Cartograms [Nusrat & Kobourov, 2016] What is important for a “good cartogram”? 1. Cartographic accuracy: Relative region sizes should be close to the data values 2. Shape deformation: Each region should resemble its geographic shape Next slide 3. Preservation of relative directions: separation constraints Spatial relations (north-south/east-west) should be maintained 4. Topological accuracy: Geographically adjacent regions should be adjacent in the cartogram, and vice versa 3/10 Soeren Nickel, Max Sondag, Wouter Meulemans, Markus Chimani, Stephen Kobourov, Jaakko Peltonen, and Martin N¨ ollenburg · Computing Stable Demers Cartograms