Competitiveness of Nuclear Energy Dr. Sama BILBAO Y LEON OECD - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Competitiveness of Nuclear Energy Dr. Sama BILBAO Y LEON OECD Nuclear Energy Agency

It depends… Is Nuclear energy cost competitive? Investment O&M Fixed O&M Variable Fuel Carbon • Today’s nuclear energy 140 plants are a very Levelised Cost of Electricity generation (USD/MWh) 120 competitive source of long-term electricity 100 supply 80 • Costs of renewables are 60 dropping, but without 40 subsidies are still high 20 • Costs of natural gas still 0 set the pace for the OCGT CCGT Coal Nuclear Wind - Onshore Solar market and are generally low Levelised Cost for Plants Built in 2020 Source: NEA 14

A price that reflects the true value Full costs including Grid-level social costs of costs of the emissions, land-use, Plant-level production electricity climate change, costs at market prices system security of supply, etc. Accounting for full costs informs public debate but cannot substitute for it. Social and political discussions will give different weights to different variables in different countries

Grid-level system costs Grid-level System Costs for a grid with 10% and 30% of Variable Renewable Generation Source: OECD/NEA

A long-term investment in clean energy Direct and indirect GHG emissions Lifetime cost (€/kW) LIGNITE with FGD, high with FGD, low COAL with FGD, high with FGD, low with CCS HEAVY FUEL OIL low NOx combined cycle NATURAL GAS CC high low with SCR with CCS PHOTOVOLTAIC high Direct Emissions low Indirect Emissions HYDRO high low BIOMASS high low WIND offshore, high offshore, low onshore, high onshore, low NUCLEAR high low Sources: OECD/NEA, Mitigation of Climate Change , Intergovernmental 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 Panel on Climate Change, 2007 tonnes CO 2 eq./GWh

Nuclear power plants can be flexible Power history of a French PWR reactor 100 100 90 90 80 80 70 70 60 60 50 50 40 40 30 30 20 20 10 10 0 0 11/07/2008 30/08/2008 19/10/2008 08/12/2008 27/01/2009 18/03/2009 07/05/2009 26/06/2009 15/08/2009 18/12/2008 19/12/2008 20/12/2008 21/12/2008 22/12/2008 23/12/2008 24/12/2008 25/12/2008 26/12/2008 27/12/2008 Whole cycle 10-day period around Christmas District Industrial Fresh Water Hydrogen Heating Heat Source: EDF and OECD/NEA 6

Sanmen units 1 and 2 (Image: SNPTC) Barakah unit 2 (Image: ENEC) The more you build nuclear power plants the better you get at it: practice does make perfect in the nuclear business Taishan 1 (Image: CGN) Novovoronezh II-2 (Image: Rosatom)

NEA: Helping governments All NEA publications available at www.oecd-nea.org 8

The NEA: A framework to address global challenges The role of the NEA is to: • Foster international co-operation to develop the scientific, technological and legal bases required for a safe, environmentally friendly and economical use of nuclear energy for peaceful purposes. • Develop authoritative assessments and forge common understandings on key issues as input to government decisions on nuclear technology policy. • Conduct multinational research into challenging scientific and NEA countries operate nearly 90% technological issues. of the world's installed nuclear capacity 3