Colonel Neil McCasland Colonel Neil McCasland Director, Space - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Colonel Neil McCasland Colonel Neil McCasland Director, Space - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Colonel Neil McCasland Colonel Neil McCasland Director, Space Vehicles Director, Space Vehicles Air Force Research Laboratory Air Force Research Laboratory Space Technologies for Air Force Capabilities Auroral Region Auroral Region Auroral
2
Space Technologies
for Air Force Capabilities
6.1 6.3 6.2 6.1 6.3 6.2
Space Electronics
VS-Heritage Electronics are Aboard All DoD Operational Satellites
Radiation Belts Ionosphere Auroral Region Radiation Belts Ionosphere Auroral Region Radiation Belts Ionosphere Auroral Region Radiation Belts Ionosphere Auroral Region
Space Weather
Specifying, Forecasting & Mitigating Space Environment Hazards to DoD Systems
Space Communications
Broadband Comm Support for High Data Rate Users
Space Power
VS-Heritage Solar Cells Aboard 95% of DoD Operational Satellites
Space Structures
VS Structures Technology
- n EELV & Minotaur Launch
Vehicles
3
Space Weather
Impacts to DoD Systems
Space Particle Hazards
- Radiation degradation and
electronics upsets
- Surface and internal charging /
discharging
- Thin film and coating
degradation
Ionosphere/Neutral Hazards
- Communication/Navigation
link degradation and outage
- Surveillance clutter
- Tracking & geolocation error
- Satellite Drag
Direct Solar Hazards
- Radio, optical and X-ray
interference
- Solar energetic particle dose
degradation and detector clutter
- Radiation dose to humans at
high altitudes Radiation Belts Solar Disturbances Ionosphere Aurora
4
Environment
- DoD space systems operate in a harsh
radiation environment
- We develop cost-effective solutions to
military-unique requirements
Space Electronics
0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7
Billions of Dollars
Mid 70's Mid 80's Mid 90's End 90's Mid 00's Upgrade Cost Total RH market
0.35 µ
µ µ µm
0.25µ µ µ µm 0.09 µ
µ µ µm
Infrastructure
- Manufacturing cost grows exponentially
- - New fabs cost $3B+
- Takes 30 yrs to amortize one dedicated
rad hard manufacturing plant
Dose Rate (Upset) [rads/s] Total Dose [rads] 1013 1012 1011 1010 109 108 107 106 105 102 103 104 105 106 107 Strategic Space Strategic Missiles Strategic Digital Spacecraft Processors Other Military Space Strategic Analog Avionics 100
"
Endo Interceptors Exo Interceptors Commercial Space Ground Systems
Rad Tolerant Rad Hard COTS/ MOTS AFRL Investments
Dose Rate (Upset) [rads/s] Total Dose [rads] 1013 1013 1012 1012 1011 1011 1010 1010 109 109 108 108 107 107 106 106 105 105 102 102 103 103 104 104 105 105 106 106 107 107 Strategic Space Strategic Missiles Strategic Digital Spacecraft Processors Other Military Space Strategic Analog Avionics 100 100
"
Endo Interceptors Exo Interceptors Commercial Space Ground Systems
Rad Tolerant Rad Hard COTS/ MOTS AFRL Investments
Commercial electronics won’t work! Dedicated fabs not sustainable
5
Space Power
Boeing HS702 (17 kW) Lockheed A2100AX (15 kW) SS/Loral LS1300 (17 kW) Space Station (78 kW) (Multiple Launches)
Power is a limiting factor for nearly every space application Current Power Ceiling ~19 kW – Array Mass & Volume Limitations
2040 2030 2020 2010 100 1000 Comm
We are here
SBR SBL
Space-Based Radar & Communications Drive Power Requirements
6
Space Structures
System Weight
Parasitic Mass/Payload Mass Fraction
Lightweight, High Packaging Efficiency Structures Critical to Communications and Remote Sensing! Aperture Size
Example: Effect on SBR performance
2
L ∝
3
L ∝
∝ L 1 ∝ L 1
7
Space Communications
Milstar Commercial DSCS
Strategic EHF Comms Wideband SHF Protected Comms Wideband L, C, Ku, Ka- band Comms
AEHF WGS Commercial
- Mix of packet and circuit switched
capacity
- Adaptive links for channel
conditions – built-in protection
- High bandwidth trunks/circuits
- Support for small user terminals
- Integrated EHF, SHF, Ka band
services
Circa 2000 Circa 2005 Circa 2015
- Circuit switched
- Unconnected, separate services
- Limited support for small terminals
- Low protected capacity
- Internet-like transport with
interconnectivity and cross-banding
- Support for small, mobile terminals
- High protected capacity
WGS Commercial AEHF APS TSAT
8
- AFRL leads the way in space technology
– New affordable means for reusable access – Smaller, cheaper, more capable payloads
- Partnership counts!
– Collaboration with NASA is strong and growing
- Need attention to assure tomorrow's talent pool