Chaturanga Push-Up: Correct Form vs. Compensated at the Shoulder - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Chaturanga Push-Up: Correct Form vs. Compensated at the Shoulder Joint

Olivia Graciana, Sarah Janicek, Rebekah Rubin, Allison Walsh November 30, 2015

How to Perform a Chaturanga Series

Chaturanga Push-up: Correct Form

Chaturanga Push-up: Compensated

❖ Used due to lack of strength in the core and/or back musculature ❖ Shoulders roll forward, pelvis is lifted, elbows are directed more laterally

Muscles Involved:

Main Joints Involved:

❖ During the correct push-up: ➢ Glenohumeral - neutral ➢ Elbow - flexion at 90° ➢ Wrist - extension and pronation ❖ During the compensated push-up: ➢ Glenohumeral - extension/IR ➢ Elbow - flexion > 90° ➢ Wrist - extension and pronation

Muscles Involved:

Muscles Involved:

Primary: ❖ Triceps , Biceps Femoris, Rectus Femoris, Pectoralis Major, Deltoids Secondary: ❖ Pectoralis Minor, Latissimus Dorsi, Rectus Abdominis, Oblique Abdominis, Iliopsoas

Muscles Involved: ❖ Shoulder injuries 2nd most common yoga injury, secondary to neck/cervical ❖ Chaturanga Push-Up movement most commonly sited motion for injury to the shoulder in yoga due to excessive loads and poor form

The Risk of Chaturanga:

Experimental Design

Part I: ❖ Calculate the Center of Mass for both the correct and compensated chaturanga push-up position Part II: ❖ Determine the percentage of body weight distributed to the upper vs. lower extremity during the push-up position

Muscles Involved:

❖ Data collected using iPhone 5s camera at 10 frames/second ❖ Marker Placement: 1) Lateral Malleolus, 2) Fibular Head, 3) Greater Trochanter, 4) Lateral Aspect of Acromion, 5) Lateral Epicondyle, 6) Ulnar Styloid ❖ Frame of motion analyzed at lowest point of movement during Center of Mass calculations (Segmental Method)

Part I: Methods

Muscles Involved:

Data from Winter (1990) was used during calculations and analysis

Part I: Methods

Uncompensated Chaturanga Push-Up Position

❖ The Center of Mass for each segment was determined using the segmental method and data from Winter (1990) ❖ Segments:

➢ Forearm and Hand ➢ Arm ➢ Leg and Foot ➢ Thigh ➢ Trunk, head and neck

Correct Position: Analysis

Uncompensated Chaturanga Push-Up Position

❖ Segmental Method for finding the Center of Mass ❖ Data from Winter (1990)

Correct Position: Analysis

Uncompensated Chaturanga Push-Up Position

❖ Segmental Method for finding the Center of Mass ❖ Data from Winter (1990)

Correct Position: Analysis

Uncompensated Chaturanga Push-Up Position

❖ The Center of Mass is 40.36 cm perpendicular from the lateral acromion

Correct Position: Analysis

Uncompensated Chaturanga Push-Up Position

❖ The Center of Mass for each segment was determined using data from Winter (1990) ❖ Segments:

➢ Forearm and Hand ➢ Arm ➢ Leg and Foot ➢ Thigh ➢ Trunk, head and neck

Compensated Position: Analysis

Uncompensated Chaturanga Push-Up Position

❖ Segmental Method for finding the Center of Mass ❖ Data from Winter (1990)

Compensated Position: Analysis

Uncompensated Chaturanga Push-Up Position

❖ Segmental Method for finding the Center of Mass ❖ Data from Winter (1990)

Compensated Position: Analysis

Uncompensated Chaturanga Push-Up Position

❖ The Center of Mass is 36.40 cm perpendicular from the lateral acromion

Compensated Position: Analysis

Results

Correct

Perpendicular Distance from Lateral Acromion to Center of Mass 40.36 cm 36.40 cm

Part I: Results

Compensated

Muscles Involved:

❖ Data collected using an analog scale ❖ Weight under hands at lowest point of motion used for weight distribution analysis

Part II: Methods

Results

Correct

Percentage of Body Weight through the Upper Extremity & Lower Extremity 74 % : 26 % 79 % : 21 %

Part II: Results

Compensated

Muscles Involved:

❖ Based on the distal shift of the C.O.M and the distribution of body weight being less in upper extremity during the correct position, we conclude: ➢ the correct position places less weight/load through the shoulder joint ➢ the compensated position creates more load on the shoulder joint, potentially resulting in forces that could damage the joint structures ➢ individuals should be trained to properly perform the chaturanga push-up position to reduce risk of injury at the shoulder joint

Conclusions Conclusions

Muscles Involved:

❖ When treating a patient with an upper extremity injury who frequently partakes in yoga: ➢ correct, if necessary, the common reasons why individuals use the compensated chaturanga pushup position ■ strengthen the core & scapular stabilizing muscles ■ stretch the chest muscles (specifically pectoralis muscles) ➢ train the correct form of the chaturanga pushup - reduce overreliance

• n arm and chest musculature (eg: triceps, biceps, pecs)

Conclusions Effects on Treatment

Errors

❖ Movement of markers on clothing ❖ Degree of accuracy of measurements when calculating C.O.M ❖ Manual placement of marker ❖ Velocity and Acceleration are held constant ❖ The bottom of the motion is the most stressful on the shoulder joint

Experimental Errors / Assumptions

References

Benitez, D. (2001). Drop and give me 10. Yoga Journal. Retrieved from https://books.google.com/books?id=PuoDAAAAMBAJ&lpg=RA1-PA85&ots=suAeeXRf56&dq=chaturanga%20compensation&pg=RA1-PA85#v=onepage&q=chaturanga%20c

• mpensation&f=false

Cole, R. (2007). The Perfect Chaturanga Counterpose: Upward Plank Pose (Purvottanasana). Yoga Journal. Retrieved from http://www.yogajournal.com/article/practice-section/the-anti-chaturanga-dandasana-2/ Ni, M., Mooney, K., Balachandran, A., Richards, L., Harriell, K., & Signorile, J. F. (2014). Muscle utilization patterns vary by skill levels of the practitioners across specific yoga poses (asanas). Complementary therapies in medicine,22(4), 662-669. Raub, J. A. (2002). Psychophysiologic effects of Hatha Yoga on musculoskeletal and cardiopulmonary function: a literature review. The Journal of Alternative & Complementary Medicine, 8(6), 797-812. Wilcox, S. J. (2010). Ground reaction forces generated by twenty-eight common Hatha yoga postures. Retrieved from http://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3305&context=etd Winter, D.A. (1990) Biomechanics and Motor Control of Human Movement, 2nd e.d., Toronto: John Wiley & Sons

References

Questions?